Liver Flukes

Question 0

First intermediate host of fasciola?

Answer 0

Pond snails
Miracidia(invades snails) —> cercaria

*eggs needs to be embryonated in the freshwater ( kasi unembryonated pag lumabas):))

Question 1

Infective stage of fasciola

Answer 1

Metacercariae

Question 2

Phase where Larval migration from duodenum before they reside in helatobiliary tract?

Answer 2

Acute phase

S/sx
Abdominal pain, hepatomegaly (inflammatory mediators in biopsy)
Diarrhrea, n&v, urticaria, eosinophilia

Question 3

2nd intermediate hosts?

Answer 3

Fresh water plants

Cercaria–> metacercariae

Question 4

Definitive host of fasciola?

Answer 4

Human, cows, sheep (herbivores)
Rare in philippines
Found in countries where sheep and cattle are raised

Question 5

Diagnosis of fasciola in chronic phase?

Answer 5

Microscopy of stool sample… Duodenal and biliary drainage.

Question 6

Diagnosis of fasciola in acute phase?

Answer 6

Antibody test - EIA, ELISA

Used in: ectopic fasciolopsis, rule out false positive, monitor therapy, during acute invasive phase

Question 7

Treatment for fasciola?

Answer 7

Triclabedazole (10mg/kg PO once or twice)
-prevents microtubule formation

Bithionol (30-50mg/kg on alternate days for 10-15doses)

Question 8

Life cycle of liver flukes?

Answer 8

Miracidia–> cercaria–> metacercaria

Question 9

Clonorchis sinensis / Opisthorchis viverrini

1st intermediate host?

Answer 9

Snails *parafossarulus

Eggs are ingested by snails

Question 10

Clonorchis sinensis / Opisthorchis viverrini

2nd intermediate host?

Answer 10

Freshwater fishes

In the muscles or under scales

Question 11

Clonorchis sinensis / Opisthorchis viverrini

Migration?

Answer 11

Through ampulla of vater towards biliary ducts

Question 12

Clonorchis sinensis / Opisthorchis viverrini

Reproduction?

Answer 12

Release embryonated eggs

Sa fasciola: UNembryonated

Question 13

Acute phase of Clonorchis sinensis / Opisthorchis viverrini?

Answer 13

Same in fasciola pero *walang hepatomegaly!

Question 14

Which liver flukes causes cholangiocarcinoma?

Answer 14

Clonorchis sinensis

Question 15

Which has pancreatic liver involvement?

Answer 15

Opisthorchis felineus

Question 16

Diagnostic test for Clonorchis sinensis / Opisthorchis viverrini?

Answer 16

Microscopy of stools, duodenal and biliary drainage.most practical diagnostic

String test
Used when microscopy yields negative result

Question 17

Definitive host of fasciola?

Answer 17

Human, cows, sheep (herbivores)
Rare in philippines
Found in countries where sheep and cattle are raised

Question 18

Diagnosis of fasciola in chronic phase?

Answer 18

Microscopy of stool sample… Duodenal and biliary drainage.

Question 19

Diagnosis of fasciola in acute phase?

Answer 19

Antibody test - EIA, ELISA

Used in: ectopic fasciolopsis, rule out false positive, monitor therapy, during acute invasive phase

Question 20

Treatment for fasciola?

Answer 20

Triclabedazole (10mg/kg PO once or twice)
-prevents microtubule formation

Bithionol (30-50mg/kg on alternate days for 10-15doses)

Question 21

Life cycle of liver flukes?

Answer 21

Miracidia–> cercaria–> metacercaria

Question 22

Clonorchis sinensis / Opisthorchis viverrini

1st intermediate host?

Answer 22

Snails *parafossarulus

Eggs are ingested by snails

Question 23

Clonorchis sinensis / Opisthorchis viverrini

2nd intermediate host?

Answer 23

Freshwater fishes

In the muscles or under scales

Question 24

Clonorchis sinensis / Opisthorchis viverrini

Migration?

Answer 24

Through ampulla of vater towards biliary ducts

Question 25

Clonorchis sinensis / Opisthorchis viverrini

Reproduction?

Answer 25

Release embryonated eggs

Sa fasciola: UNembryonated

Question 26

Acute phase of Clonorchis sinensis / Opisthorchis viverrini?

Answer 26

Same in fasciola pero *walang hepatomegaly!

Question 27

Which liver flukes causes cholangiocarcinoma?

Answer 27

Clonorchis sinensis

Question 28

Which has pancreatic liver involvement?

Answer 28

Opisthorchis felineus

Question 29

Diagnostic test for Clonorchis sinensis / Opisthorchis viverrini?

Answer 29

Microscopy of stools, duodenal and biliary drainage.most practical diagnostic

String test
Used when microscopy yields negative result