Liver disease

Question 1

What is the portal vein made up of?

Answer 1

SMV

splenic

Question 2

How many segments are in the liver?

Answer 2

8

Question 3

What does liver do?

Answer 3

digestion - creates bile
coagulation
metabolism
immune fnx
stores vitamins, minerals and glucose

Question 4

What are the types of liver disease?

Answer 4

alcoholic liver disease
non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
viral hepatitis

Question 5

What is TB in LFTs?

Answer 5

total bilirubin

Question 6

What is AST in LFTs?

Answer 6

aspartate aminotransferase

Question 7

What is ALP in LFTs?

Answer 7

alkaline phosphatase

Question 8

What is ALT in LFTs?

Answer 8

alanine aminotransferase

Question 9

What is GGT in LFTs?

Answer 9

gamma glutamyl trnasferase

Question 10

What is Alb in LFTs?

Answer 10

albumin

Question 11

How would LFTs look in alcohol excess?

Answer 11

raised AST and ALT

GGT

Question 12

What does deranged AST and ALT indicate?

Answer 12

hepatocyte damage

Question 13

What does LFTs >1000 mean?

Answer 13

viral hepatitis
paracetamol overdose
ischaemia

Question 14

What does derenged ALP/GGT indicate?

Answer 14

cholestasis
biliary disease (gallstones)
primary biliary cholangitis
drugs NAFLD

Question 15

What is the difference between acute and chronic liver disease?

Answer 15

new (2-3 months) acute

>6 months

Question 16

What are the common causes of acute liver disease?

Answer 16

drugs - paracetamol
alcohol
viral hepatitis

Question 17

What are the common causes of chronic liver disease?

Answer 17

alcohol
NAFLD
viral hepatitis
autoimmune disease
haemochromatosis

Question 18

What are some autoimmune liver diseases?

Answer 18

autoimmune hepatitis
primary biliary cholangitis
primary sclerosing cholangitis

Question 19

What are the chronic types of viral hepatitis?

Answer 19

B and C

Question 20

What is normal bilirubinlevels?

Answer 20

<20

Question 21

When is jaundice noticeable?

Answer 21

bilirubin >60

Question 22

What is cirrhosis?

Answer 22

scarring of the liver

Question 23

How is cirrhosis diagnosed?

Answer 23

clinical features
radiology
fibroscan

Question 24

What are teh complications of cirrhosis?

Answer 24

jaundice
hepatic encephalopathy
coagulopathy
portal hypertension
liver cancer

Question 25

What is the scoring system for liver disease?

Answer 25

child pugh score

Question 26

What happens in portal hypertension?

Answer 26

increased hepatic vascular resistance gastroesophageal varices increased portal blood flow ascites

Question 27

What are varices?

Answer 27

dilated veins | can bleed and you can die

Question 28

Treatment for varices?

Answer 28

beta-blockers (propanolol) | banding

Question 29

What is the presentation for HCC?

Answer 29

RUQ pain weight loss decompensated disease

Question 30

What is AFP?

Answer 30

alpha fetoprotein | tumour marker for HCC

Question 31

What are some signs of chronic liver disease?

Answer 31

``` hepatomegaly ascites palmar erythema cirrhosis caput medusa gynaecomastia icterus spider nevi ecchymosis leukonychia finer clubbing asterixis ```

Question 32

What is the management of liver disease?

Answer 32

``` treat underlying condition focus on nutrition and physical fitness complications of cirrhosis screening transplant ```