Liver disease Flashcards
What is the portal vein made up of?
SMV
splenic
How many segments are in the liver?
8
What does liver do?
digestion - creates bile coagulation metabolism immune fnx stores vitamins, minerals and glucose
What are the types of liver disease?
alcoholic liver disease
non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
viral hepatitis
What is TB in LFTs?
total bilirubin
What is AST in LFTs?
aspartate aminotransferase
What is ALP in LFTs?
alkaline phosphatase
What is ALT in LFTs?
alanine aminotransferase
What is GGT in LFTs?
gamma glutamyl trnasferase
What is Alb in LFTs?
albumin
How would LFTs look in alcohol excess?
raised AST and ALT
GGT
What does deranged AST and ALT indicate?
hepatocyte damage
What does LFTs >1000 mean?
viral hepatitis
paracetamol overdose
ischaemia
What does derenged ALP/GGT indicate?
cholestasis
biliary disease (gallstones)
primary biliary cholangitis
drugs NAFLD
What is the difference between acute and chronic liver disease?
new (2-3 months) acute
>6 months
What are the common causes of acute liver disease?
drugs - paracetamol
alcohol
viral hepatitis
What are the common causes of chronic liver disease?
alcohol NAFLD viral hepatitis autoimmune disease haemochromatosis
What are some autoimmune liver diseases?
autoimmune hepatitis
primary biliary cholangitis
primary sclerosing cholangitis
What are the chronic types of viral hepatitis?
B and C
What is normal bilirubinlevels?
<20
When is jaundice noticeable?
bilirubin >60
What is cirrhosis?
scarring of the liver
How is cirrhosis diagnosed?
clinical features
radiology
fibroscan
What are teh complications of cirrhosis?
jaundice hepatic encephalopathy coagulopathy portal hypertension liver cancer
What is the scoring system for liver disease?
child pugh score
What happens in portal hypertension?
increased hepatic vascular resistance
gastroesophageal varices
increased portal blood flow
ascites
What are varices?
dilated veins
can bleed and you can die
Treatment for varices?
beta-blockers (propanolol)
banding
What is the presentation for HCC?
RUQ pain
weight loss
decompensated disease
What is AFP?
alpha fetoprotein
tumour marker for HCC
What are some signs of chronic liver disease?
hepatomegaly ascites palmar erythema cirrhosis caput medusa gynaecomastia icterus spider nevi ecchymosis leukonychia finer clubbing asterixis
What is the management of liver disease?
treat underlying condition focus on nutrition and physical fitness complications of cirrhosis screening transplant
