Liver Disease Flashcards
What are some causes of high bilirubin?
Haemolysis Gallstones Cholangitis Sickle Cell disease Hepatitis ALD
What makes up the portal triad?
Bile duct
Hepatic artery
Portal vein
What is gilbert’s syndrome?
inherited (genetic) liver disorder that affects the body’s ability to process bilirubin
How is gilbert’s inherited?
Autosomal recessive
50% of people are carriers
What causes gilberts?
UDP glucuronyl transferase activity reduced to 30%
What LFT is most representative of liver function?
Prothrombin time
Stop making clotting factors
What does ALT do?
Converts alanine into a carbohydrate
(Alanine amino transferase)
High in people with liver damage - they leak out of the hepatocyte
What is the difference between LFTs and liver enzymes?
LFT are only -
Albumin
Clotting
Bilirubin
Others are just leaky enzymes
What are pre-hepatic liver problems?
Clotting
Glibert’s
What are hepatic causes of jaundice?
Viral
Alcoholic
Cirrhosis
What are post-hepatic liver conditions?
Biliary problems
Pancreatic
What is suggestive of hepatic disease?
High ALT and AST
Suggests hepatocyte damage
Marginal Alk Phos raise
What are the features of Hep A?
Only get once
Infected by virus and liver becomes inflamed
Faecal-oral route
IgM and IgG immunity
What are the features of Hep B?
Blood or IV drug transmission
Antibodies not detectable until antigens clear
Surface only antibodies found in vaccinated people
Live infection - 3 types of antibodies
OR
Carrier
Antigen never clears and antibodies remain undetectable
What is NASH?
Non-Alcoholic Steato-Hepatitis
