liver Flashcards
how many lobes in the liver?
which is the biggest?
4
right
what attaches the liver to the diaphragm ?
falciform ligament
what is the couinaud classification?
8 functionally independent segments
- centrally portal vein, hepatic artery and bile duct
- peripherally hepatic vein
each segment can be resected without damaging those remaining
What happens with a lesion occurs?
remove the segment, the other segments would not be affected
purpose of the hepatic portal vein
taking absorbed, broken down products from gut to liver
purpose of the hepatic artery
delivery oxygen to liver
micro-anatomy structures
-morphological and functional
morphological
-lobules and portal tracts/triads
functional
-acinis, blood flow and bile flow
what are acinus?
functional unit, less clearly identified
unit of hepatocytes divided into zones dependent on proximity to arterial blood supply
bile flow
flows along canaliculus to bile duct
bile is produced by hepatocytes
describe sinusoidal endothelial cells
fenestrated, allows lipid and other large molecule movement to and from hepatocytes
liver function- synthesis of protein
use alanine to make glutamate and pyruvate
why is the glucose-alanine cycle needed
deamination
- muscle can potentially utilise amino acids to produce e glucose for energy
1. to convert pyruvate to glucose requires energy
2. to remove nitrogen as urea requires energy - hence transfer problem to the liver
- glutamate is the by product
ATP required:
glutamate to urea
pyruvate to glucose
4 ATP
6ATP
lipoproteins made of?
tri-acyl glycerol
apoproteins phospholipids
cholesterol
distinguish between HDL, LDL, VLDL
HDL: empty, picks up excess cholesterol
LDL: transport cholesterol to tissues
VLDL: transport fatty acids to tissues
