Liver Flashcards
Describe the two lobes of the liver
The right lobe is six times bigger than the left lobe. they are separated by the falciform ligament which connects the liver superiorly to the diaphragm and anteriorly to the abdominal wall
what are the lobes on the underside?
the caudate lobe and quadrate lobe are anatomically assoicated with the right lobe. functionally the caudate is alone, quadrate is with the right
describe the separations of the lobes
the quadrate lobe is separated from the right by the gall bladder and left by the ligamentum teres (remnant of umbilical vein)
the caudate lobe is separated from the right by the IVC and the left by the venosum (remnant of ductus venosum)
describe the blood supply to the liver
supplied by the hepatic artery coming off the hepatic artery proper. the hepatic portal vein also supplies the liver to cleanse blood from the GI tract. the hepatic vein drains the liver tissue
describe the histology of the liver
hepatocytes are the functional units of the liver
blood flows through sinusoids between the hepatocytes
toxins are absorbed and secreted by hepatocytes as bile into the bile cancaliculi which drain into bile ducts.
what is the porta hepatis?
the porta hepatis/triad/tract is the area where the hepatic artery and portal vein and bile duct enter/exit the liver
describe the biliary tree
the bile produced by hepatocytes flows into canaliculi. the canaliculi flow into bile ducts which form the right and left hepatic ducts. these then join to form the common hepatic duct which joins the cystic duct of the gallbladder to form the common bile duct. the common bile duct joins the pancreatic duct to form the hepatopancreatic ampulla which enters the major duodenal papilla. the flow of products is controlled by the sphincter of oddi or sphincter of hepatopancreatic ampulla
describe the gallbladder
the gallbladder has a neck, body and fundus. it is lined with simple columnar epithelium much like the stomach and duodenum.
it is supplied by the cystic artery formed from the left and right hepatic arteries.
it concentrates bile by absorbing water.
describe the impressions on the liver
the liver has impressions from where many organs lie on its visceral surface. it has gastric, oesophageal, renal, suprarenal and colic impressions.
