Lithology

Question 1

What are the three main types of rock?

Answer 1

Igneous
Sedimentary
Metamorphic

Question 2

What is porosity?

Answer 2

Ability to absorb/hold water

Question 3

What is permeability?

Answer 3

Ability to allow water to pass through

Question 4

What is resistance?

Answer 4

Ability to withstand erosion or weathering

Question 5

Is igneous rock porous?

Answer 5

Non- porous because of the tightly packed crystals.

Question 6

Is igneous rock permeable?

Answer 6

Impermeable- no bedding planes or joints

Question 7

Is igneous rock resistant?

Answer 7

Yes, very hard. Recession of 1mm per year.

Question 8

Is sedimentary rock porous?

Answer 8

Porous due to rounded crystals

Question 9

Is sedimentary rock permeable?

Answer 9

Permeable due to presence of bedding planes and joints.

Question 10

Is sedimentary rock resistant?

Answer 10

Soft, recession at 2.5cm per year.

Vulnerable to chemical weathering due to soluble minerals.

Question 11

Is metamorphic rock porous?

Answer 11

Non-porous.

Heat and pressure flattens rounded crystals in sedimentary rock.

Question 12

Is metamorphic rock permeable?

Answer 12

Impermeable- no bedding planes or joints

Question 13

Is metamorphic rock resistant?

Answer 13

Hard but some rocks are prone to mass movement e.g slate

Question 14

Example of igneous rock

Answer 14

Basalt and granite

Question 15

Example of sedimentary rock

Answer 15

Chalk and sandstone

Question 16

Example of metamorphic rock

Answer 16

Slate and marble

Question 17

What is bedrock lithology?

Answer 17

Rock that makes up the base of the land.

Question 18

What is glacial till?

Answer 18

Type of unconsolidated rock found in much of Eastern England, mixture of clay, sand and stones left behind by glaciers during the ice age. This rock is soft and can recede by 1m per year.