Literature Quiz 1

Question 1

is a Latin word “litera” which means letter. This is a body of literary productions, either oral, written or visual containing imaginative language that realistically portrays thoughts, emotions and experiences of the human condition.

Answer 1

Literature

Question 2

2 Major Types of Literature

Answer 2

I. Prose
II. Poetry

Question 3

“prosa” which means straightforward. It consists written works within the common flow
of conversation presented in a straightforward manner

Answer 3

I. Prose

Question 4

Types of Prose (N S P L, M A E N O)

Answer 4

a. Novel - This is a long narrative divided into chapters. The events may be taken
from true-to life stories and spans for a long period of time. There are many characters
involved. Examples: Harry Potter, Noli Me Tangere

b. Short Story -This is a narrative involving one or more characters, one plot and
one single impression. Example: The Necklace by Guy de Maupassant

c. Plays - This is presented on a stage, is divided into acts and each act has many
scenes. Example: Miss Saigon, Ibong Adarna (the musical)

d. Legends - These are fictitious narratives, usually about origins. It provides
historical information regarding the culture and views of particular group of people or
country. Examples: Legend of Pineapple, Legend of “Makahiya”

g. Myths -A traditional sacred story, typically revolving around the activities of
gods and heroes, which aim to explain a natural phenomenon or cultural practice.
Examples: The Myth about Creation

h. Anecdotes - These are merely products of the writer’s imagination and the main
aim is to bring out lessons to the reader. Examples: “The Moth and the Lamp” –Teodora
Alonzo Rizal (Dr. Jose Rizal’s mother)

i. Essay-This expresses the viewpoint or opinion of the writer about a situation,
problem or event. The best example of this is the Editorial page of a newspaper. Example:
I Am a Filipino by Carlos P. Romulo

k. News -This is a report of everyday events in society, government, science and
industry, accidents etc., happening nationally or not.

l. Oration-This is a formal treatment
of a subject and is intended to be spoken in public. It
appeals to the intellect, to the will or to the emotions of the audience. Examples: “I
have A Dream” – Martin Luther King

Question 5

• This is a long narrative divided into chapters.
• The events may be taken
  from true-to life stories and spans for a long period of time. There are many characters
  involved.
  Examples: Harry Potter, Noli Me Tangere

Answer 5

a. Novel

Question 6

This is a narrative involving one or more characters, one plot and
one single impression. Example: The Necklace by Guy de Maupassant

Answer 6

b. Short Story

Question 7

This is presented on a stage, is divided into acts and each act has many scenes.
Example: Miss Saigon, Ibong Adarna (the musical)

Answer 7

c. Plays

Question 8

These are fictitious narratives, usually about origins. It provides
historical information regarding the culture and views of particular group of people or
country. Examples: Legend of Pineapple, Legend of “Makahiya

Answer 8

d. Legends

Question 9

A traditional sacred story, typically revolving around the activities of
gods and heroes, which aim to explain a natural phenomenon or cultural practice.
Examples: The Myth about Creation

Answer 9

g. Myths

Question 10

These are merely products of the writer’s imagination and the main
aim is to bring out lessons to the reader.

Examples: “The Moth and the Lamp” –Teodora Alonzo Rizal (Dr. Jose Rizal’s mother)

Answer 10

h. Anecdotes

Question 11

-This expresses the viewpoint or opinion of the writer about a situation, problem or event.

The best example of this is the Editorial page of a newspaper.
Example:
I Am a Filipino by Carlos P. Romulo

Answer 11

i. Essay

Question 12

-This is a report of everyday events in society, government, science and
industry, accidents etc., happening nationally or not.

Answer 12

k. News

Question 13

-This is a formal treatment
of a subject and is intended to be spoken in public.
- It appeals to the intellect, to the will or to the emotions of the audience.
Examples: “I have A Dream” – Martin Luther King

Answer 13

l. Oration

Question 14

It is an imaginative awareness of experience expressed through meaning, sound, and rhythmic language choices as to evoke emotional response.

Answer 14

II. Poetry

Question 15

Types of Poetry (N L D)

Answer 15

A. Narrative Poetry
B. Lyric Poetry
C. Dramatic Poetry

Question 16

• This form describes important events in life either real or imaginary

Answer 16

A. Narrative Poetry

Question 17

Kinds of Narrative Poetry (E M B)

Answer 17

1. Epic - It is an extended narrative about heroic exploits under supernatural control.
   It may deal with heroes and gods. The hero/heroine usually has the following
   characteristics: idealism, courage, wisdom, beauty, endurance, chivalry and justice.
   Example: Biag ni Lam-ang Epic
2. Metrical Tales-This is a narrative which is written in verse and can be classified
   either as a ballad or metrical romance. Examples: “The Lady of Shallot” by Lord Alfred
   Tennyson
3. Ballads -This is considered as the shortest and simplest of the narrative poems.
   It has a simple structure and tells of a single incident. Variations of these are: love ballads,
   war ballads, sea ballads, humorous, moral, historical, or mythical ballads.

Question 18

• It is an extended narrative about heroic exploits under supernatural control.
  It may deal with heroes and gods. The hero/heroine usually has the following
  characteristics: idealism, courage, wisdom, beauty, endurance, chivalry and justice.
  Example: Biag ni Lam-ang Epic

Answer 18

1. Epic

Question 19

• This is a narrative which is written in verse and can be classified either as a ballad or metrical romance.
  Examples: “The Lady of Shallot” by Lord Alfred
  Tennyson

Answer 19

2. Metrical Tales

Question 20

-This is considered as the shortest and simplest of the narrative poems.

• It has a simple structure and tells of a single incident. Variations of these are: love ballads, war ballads, sea ballads, humorous, moral, historical, or mythical ballads.

Answer 20

3. Ballads

Question 21

• Originally, this refers to that kind of poetry meant to be sung to the
  accompaniment of a lyre, but now, this applies to any type of poetry that expresses emotions and feelings to the poet.
• They are usually short, simple and easy to understand.

Answer 21

B. Lyric Poetry

Question 22

Types of Lyric Poetry (F S E, O P A C)

Answer 22

1. Folksongs (Awiting Bayan) - These are short poems intended to be sung. The
   common theme is love, despair, grief, doubt, joy, hope, and sorrow.
2. Sonnets-This is a lyric of poem of 14 lines dealing with an emotion, a feeling or
   an idea. There are two types: the Italian and the Shakespearean.
3. Elegy -This is a lyric poem which expresses feelings of grief and melancholy,
   and whose theme is death.
4. Ode- This is a poem of a noble feeling, expressed with dignity, with no definite
   number of syllables or definite number of lines in a stanza.
5. Psalms -This is a song praising God or the Virgin Mary and containing a
   philosophy of life.
6. Awit (Song) - These have the measures of twelve syllables (dodecasyllabic) and
   slowly sung to the accompaniment of a guitar or banduria.
   Example: Florante at Laura
   (Francisco Balagtas)
   O pagsintang labis ng kapangyarihan, (12 syllables per line)
   Sampung mag-aama’y iyong nasasaklaw;
   Pag ikaw ang nasok sa puso ninuman, Hahamakin ang lahat masunod ka lamang
7. Corridos - These have measures of eight syllables (octosyllabic)and recited to a martial beat. The songs are often about oppressions, daily life of peasants, and other socially important information.

Question 23

• These are short poems intended to be sung.
• The Common theme is love, despair, grief, doubt, joy, hope, and sorrow.

Answer 23

1. Folksongs (Awiting Bayan)

Question 24

Lyric of poem of 14 lines dealing with an emotion, a feeling or
an idea.

Answer 24

2. Sonnets

Question 25

Two types of Sonnets

Answer 25

1. Italian 2. Shakespearean.

Question 26

- This is a lyric poem which expresses feelings of grief and melancholy, and whose theme is death.

Answer 26

3. Elegy

Question 27

- These have the measures of twelve syllables (dodecasyllabic) and slowly sung to the accompaniment of a guitar or banduria

Answer 27

6. Awit (Song)

Question 28

- These have measures of eight syllables (octosyllabic)and recited to a martial beat. The songs are often about oppressions, daily life of peasants, and other socially important information.

Answer 28

7. Corridos

Question 29

- This is a poem of a noble feeling, expressed with dignity, with no definite number of syllables or definite number of lines in a stanza

Answer 29

4. Ode

Question 30

-This is a song praising God or the Virgin Mary and containing a philosophy of life.

Answer 30

5. Psalms

Question 31

- This is an emotional piece of literature which includes a story which is recited or sung. - Soliloquy and dramatic monologues are the main instruments of this form of poetry

Answer 31

C. Dramatic Poetry

Question 32

Kinds of Dramatic Poetry: (C T F M)

Answer 32

1. Comedy - This word comes from the Greek term “Komos” meaning festivity or revelry. This form usually is light and written with a purpose of amusing, and usually has a happy ending. 2. Tragedy - This involves the hero struggling mightily against dynamic forces; he meets death of ruin without success and satisfaction obtained by the protagonist in a comedy. 3. Farce -This is an exaggerated comedy. It seeks to arouse mirth by laughable lines; situations are too ridiculous to be true; the characters seem to be caricatures and the motives undignified and absurd. 4. Melodrama (modern) - This is usually seen in musical play with the opera. Today, this is related to tragedy just as the farce to comedy. It arouses immediate and intense emotion and is usually sad but there is a happy ending for the principal character.

Question 33

- This word comes from the Greek term “Komos” meaning festivity or revelry. This form usually is light and written with a purpose of amusing, and usually has a happy ending

Answer 33

1. Comedy

Question 34

- This involves the hero struggling mightily against dynamic forces; he meets death of ruin without success and satisfaction obtained by the protagonist in a comedy

Answer 34

2. Tragedy

Question 35

-This is an exaggerated comedy. It seeks to arouse mirth by laughable lines; situations are too ridiculous to be true; the characters seem to be caricatures and the motives undignified and absurd.

Answer 35

3. Farce

Question 36

- This is usually seen in musical play with the opera. Today, this is related to tragedy just as the farce to comedy. It arouses immediate and intense emotion and is usually sad but there is a happy ending for the principal character.

Answer 36

4. Melodrama (modern)

Question 37

- refers to the typical structures used by writers in their works to convey his or her message(s) in a simple manner to his or her readers. When employed properly, the different literary devices help readers to appreciate, interpret and analyze a literary work.

Answer 37

Literary Devices

Question 38

Two Types of Literary Devices

Answer 38

A. Literary Elements B. Literary Techniques

Question 39

- have an inherent existence in literary piece and are extensively employed by writers to develop a literary piece e.g. plot, setting, narrative structure, characters, mood, theme, moral etc. -Writers simply cannot create his desired work without including Literary Elements in a thoroughly professional manner

Answer 39

A. Literary Elements

Question 40

Common Literary Elements (P S P A N N, D C M T)

Answer 40

a. Plot -It is the logical sequence of events that develops a story. b. Setting: It refers to the time and place in which a story takes place c. Protagonist: It is the main character of story, novel or a play e.g., Hamlet in the play Hamlet. d. Antagonist: It is the character in conflict with the Protagonist e.g., Claudius in the play Hamlet. e. Narrator: A person who tells the story. f. Narrative method: The manner in which a narrative is presented comprising plot and setting. g. Dialogue: Where characters of a narrative speak to one another. h. Conflict. It isa n issue in a narrative around which the whole story revolves. i. Mood: A general atmosphere of a narrative. j. Theme: It is central idea or concept of a story

Question 41

-It is the logical sequence of events that develops a story

Answer 41

a. Plot

Question 42

: It refers to the time and place in which a story takes place

Answer 42

b. Setting

Question 43

: It is the main character of story, novel or a play

Answer 43

c. Protagonist

Question 44

: It is the character in conflict with the Protagonist

Answer 44

d. Antagonist

Question 45

A person who tells the story

Answer 45

e. Narrator:

Question 46

: The manner in which a narrative is presented comprising plot and setting.

Answer 46

f. Narrative method

Question 47

: Where characters of a narrative speak to one another.

Answer 47

g. Dialogue

Question 48

. It is an issue in a narrative around which the whole story revolves.

Answer 48

h. Conflict

Question 49

A general atmosphere of a narrative

Answer 49

i. Mood:

Question 50

It is central idea or concept of a story.

Answer 50

j. Theme:

Question 51

, on the contrary, are structures usually a word s or phrases in literary texts that writers employ to achieve not merely artistic ends but also readers a greater understanding and appreciation of their literary works. - Examples are metaphor, simile, alliteration, hyperbole, allegory etc. In contrast to Literary Elements, Literary Techniques are not unavoidable aspect of literary works

Answer 51

B. Literary Techniques

Question 52

Common Literary Techniques (I S H PA A I)

Answer 52

1. Imagery: It is the use of figurative language to create visual representations of actions, objects and ideas in our mind in such a way that they appeal to our physical senses. For example: The room was dark and gloomy. -The words “dark” and “gloomy” are visual images. The river was roaring in the mountains. – The word “roaring” appeals to our sense of hearing. 2. Simile and Metaphor: Both compare two distinct objects and draws similarity between them. The difference is that Simile uses “as” or “like” and Metaphor does not. For example: “My love is like a red red rose” (Simile) He is an old fox very cunning. (Metaphor) 3. Hyperbole: It is deliberate exaggeration of actions and ideas for the sake of emphasis. For example: Your bag weighs a ton! I have got a million issues to look after! 4. Personification: It gives a thing, an idea or an animal human qualities. For example: The flowers are dancing beside the lake. Have you see my new car? She is a real beauty! 5. Alliteration: It refers to the same consonant sounds in words coming together. For example: Better butter always makes the batter better. She sells seashells at seashore. 6. Allegory: It is a literary technique in which an abstract idea is given a formof characters, actions or events. For example: “Animal Farm”, written by George Orwell, is an example allegory using the actions ofa nimals on a farm to represent the overthrow of the last of the Russian Tsar Nicholas II and the Communist Revolution of Russia before WW II. In addition, the actions of the animals on the farm are used to expose the greed and corruption of the Revolution. 7. Irony: It is use of the words in such a way in which the intended meaning is completely opposite to their literal meaning.

Question 53

: It is the use of figurative language to create visual representations of actions, objects and ideas in our mind in such a way that they appeal to our physical senses. For example: The room was dark and gloomy. -The words “dark” and “gloomy” are visual images. - The river was roaring in the mountains. – The word “roaring” appeals to our sense of hearing

Answer 53

1. Imagery

Question 54

: Both compare two distinct objects and draws similarity between them. The difference is that Simile uses “as” or “like” and Metaphor does not. For example: “My love is like a red red rose” (Simile) He is an old fox very cunning. (Metaphor)

Answer 54

2. Simile and Metaphor

Question 55

: It is deliberate exaggeration of actions and ideas for the sake of emphasis. For example: Your bag weighs a ton!

Answer 55

3. Hyperbole

Question 56

: It gives a thing, an idea or an animal human quality. For example: The flowers are dancing beside the lake Have you see my new car? She is a real beauty!

Answer 56

4. Personification

Question 57

It refers to the same consonant sounds in words coming together. For example: Better butter always makes the batter better. She sells seashells at seashore.

Answer 57

5. Alliteration:

Question 58

It is a literary technique in which an abstract idea is given a form of characters, actions or events.

Answer 58

6. Allegory:

Question 59

: It is use of the words in such a way in which the intended meaning is completely opposite to their literal meaning. For example: The bread is soft as a stone. So nice of you to break my new PSP!

Answer 59

7. Irony

Question 60

Common Literary Techniques for Poetry (R R A O)

Answer 60

a. Rhythm - The pattern of beats or stresses in a poem. Poets use patterns ofstressed and unstressed syllables to create a regular rhythm. b. Rhyme - The repetition of the same or similar sounds, usually in stressed syllables at the ends of lines, but sometimes within a line. Example: There are strange things done in the midnight sun. c. Alliteration - The repetition of consonant sounds at the beginnings of words. Examples: Seven silver swans swam silently seaward. Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers. d. Onomatopoeia - Words that are used to represent a particular sound. Examples: Crash, Boom, Bang, Zip

Question 61

- Some poems use techniques of sound such as rhythm, rhyme, and alliteration.

Answer 61

Sound devices

Question 62

- The repetition of the same or similar sounds, usually in stressed syllables at the ends of lines, but sometimes within a line. Example: There are strange things done in the midnight sun.

Answer 62

b. Rhyme

Question 63

- The repetition of consonant sounds at the beginnings of words. Examples: Seven silver swans swam silently seaward. Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers.

Answer 63

c. Alliteration

Question 64

- Words that are used to represent a particular sound. Examples: Crash, Boom, Bang, Zip

Answer 64

d. Onomatopoeia