Literary Terms Ch 1 Flashcards
The listener, viewer, or reader of a text
Audience
An acknowledgement that an opposing argument may be true or reasonable
Concession
Meanings or associations that readers have with a word beyond its dictionary definition or denotation.
Connotation
The circumstances, atmosphere, attitudes, and events surrounding a text
Context
An opposing argument to the one a writer is putting forward.
Counterargument
Greek for “character”. Speakers appeal to ethos to demonstrate that they are credible and trustworthy to speak on a given topic.
Ethos
Greek for “embodied thought”. Speakers appeal to logos, or reason, by offering clear rational ideas and using specific evidence.
Logos
The time and place a speech is given or a piece is written.
Occasion
Greek for “suffering” or “experience”. Speakers appeal to pathos to emotionally motivate their audience.
Pathos
Greek for “mask”. The face or character that a speaker shows to his or her audience.
Persona
Greek for “hostile”. An aggressive argument that tries to establish the superiority of one opinion over all others.
Polemic
Propaganda
The spread of ideas and information to further a cause.
The goal the speaker wants to achieve.
Purpose
A denial of the validity of an opposing argument. They often follow a concession.
Refutation
“The faculty of observing in any given case the available means to persuasion”. The art of finding ways to persuade an audience.
Rhetoric
Rhetorical techniques used to persuade an audience by emphasizing what they find most important or compelling. (Ethos, Logos, Pathos).
Rhetorical Examples
A diagram that illustrates the interrelationship among the speaker, audience, and subject in determining a text.
Rhetorical Triangle
A mnemonic device that stands for Subject, Occasion, Audience, Purpose, and Speaker
SOAPS
The person or group who creates a text.
Speaker
The topic of a text and what the text is about.
Subject
Any cultural product that can be “read”
Text
Repetition of the same sound beginning several words or syllables in sequence
Alliteration
Brief reference to a person event or place or a work of art.
Allusion
Repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive phrases, clauses, or lines
Anaphora
Repetition of words in reverse order.
Antimetabole
Opposition, or contrast, of ideas or words in a parallel construction.
Antithesis
Old-fashioned or outdated choice of words.
Archaic Diction
Omission of conjunctions between coordinate phrases, clauses, or words.
Asyndenton
Sentence that completes the main idea at the beginning of the sentence.
Cumulative Sentence
Sentence that exhorts, urges, entreats, implores, or calls to action.
Normative Sentence
Sentence used to command or enjoin.
Imperative Sentence
Inverted order of words in a sentence
Inversion
Placement of two things closely together to emphasize similarities or differences.
Juxtaposition
Figure of Speech that compares two things without using like or as
Metaphor
Paradoxical juxtaposition of words that seem to contradict one another.
Oxymoron
Similarity of structure in a pair or series of related words, phrases, or clauses
Parallelism
Sentence whose main clause is withheld until the end
Periodic Sentence
Attribution of a lifelike quality to an inanimate object or an idea.
Personification
Figure of Speech in the form of a question posed for rhetorical effect rather than for the purpose of getting an answer
Rhetorical Question
Figure of speech that uses parts to represent a whole
Synecdoche
Use of two different words in a grammatically similar way that produces different often incongruous, meanings.
Zeugma
