Literally The Title Flashcards
What is bacteria? What do u treat it with? Examples?
A single celled organism the multiplies rapidly
Treat with antibiotics
TB, tetanus, cholera, strep throat
What is a Protozoa? What do many of them contain that help them move? Examples?
Single celled animal like organisms found on decayed materials, feces, insect bites, a contaminated water.
Many have flagella
Amebic dysentery, Malaria
What is fungi? How to treat it? Examples?
A parasitic microorganisms that lives on dead organic matter (yeast and mold)
Treat with antifungal medications
Ringworm, athletes foot, thrush
What is fungi? How to treat it? Examples?
A parasitic microorganisms that lives on dead organic matter (yeast and mold)
Treat with antifungal medications
Ringworm, athletes foot, thrush
What is Rickettsiae. How to treat it? Examples?
A parasitic microorganisms transmitted by insect bites like fleas, ticks, mites
Treat with antibiotics
Typhus, rock mountain spotted fever, Lyme disease
What are viruses? How to treat? Examples?
Smallest microorganisms, can’t reproduce without a host, can mutate and change genetic info
Antivirals, antibiotics are ineffective
COVID, influenza, hepatitis, HIV
What are Helminths? How do they enter the body? Examples?
Multicellular parasitic worms or flukes
Enter through ingestion, bites or skin penetration
Hookworm, pinworm, trichinella
What is a communicable disease? Are all infectious diseases communicable?
A type of infectious disease caused by pathogens that are transmitted by one person to another
No
Main goal of infection control?
Prevent transmission of communicable diseases
Three types of communicable diseases?
Contact, droplet, airborne
What are two things to know about chain of infection?
- The various ways infection can be transmitted
- The ways the infection chain can be broken
What the six links in the chain of infection?
- Infectious agent- any disease causing microorganisms (pathogen)
- The reservoir host- the organism in which the infectious microbes reside
- Portal of exit- route of escape of pathogen from the reservoir
- Route of transmission- method which the pathogen travels from the reservoir to the new host (direct contact,air, insects)
- portal of entry- route where the pathogen enters the new host (inhalation, ingestion, sexual contact, break in skin)
- Susceptible host- the organism that accepts the pathogen, depends on the host’s resistance
What are the six ways to interrupt the chain of infection?
- Pathogen identification to assign appropriate treatment
- Asepsis and Hygiene
- Control portals of exit
- Prevent a route of transmission
- Protect portal of entry
- Recognition of susceptible host
Asepsis vs antisepsis
Asepsis- the absence of pathogens
Antisepsis- the prevention of inhibition of pathogenic organisms, but is not effective against spores and viruses. Usually used on the skin.
What is sterilization?
Destroys all microorganisms. Autoclave is most common equipment used for sterilization
Communicable ?
Contagious
Blood borne transmission?
Passing fluids via bodily fluids
Epidemiology?
The study of the outbreak of disease
Endemic?
Ongoing presence of disease within a population group
Epidemic?
Sudden widespread outbreak of disease with and population group
Pandemic?
Refers to an outbreak of a disease over a large geographic area
Idiopathic disorder
Illness without a known cause
Organic disorders
Exhibit physical changes that explain explain the patients symptoms
Functional disorders
No physical changes to explain the symptoms
Latrogenic illness
Due to a side effect or unfavorable response to medical treatment
Nosocomial infection
Acquired in the hospital, not present when patient was admitted.
Opportunistic
Diseases contracted when immune defenses are weak
Contact precautions are applicable for
Mrsa, vre, c dif.
Droplet precautions are required for
Pneumonia, Covid, and the flu
Airborne precautions are required for
Chicken pox, measles, TB
What precautions are used in EVERY patient interaction when there is a risk of coming into contact with blood or bodily fluids?
Standard precautions
Who are some people that are susceptible hosts?
Cancer patients, transplant patients, seniors
What are some portal of entries?
Broken skin, urinary and reproductive, digestive tract
When a medical professional wears mask and goggles to treat a patient, what link are they trying to break?
Mode of transmission
What is more effective than soap and water according to CDC?
Hand sanitizer
What areas of PPE are clean? Dirty?
Clean- elastics, inner side of gloves, band on goggles that go on back of head
Dirty- pretty much everything exterior
If you wear a wedding band, what do you do for hand hygiene?
Keep it on during hand hygiene
Turn on the faucet with a
Clean dry paper towel
When should you perform a seal test
Every time you wear a respirator
Order to put on ppe
- Hand hygiene
- Gown
- Mask or respirator
- Goggles or face shield
- Gloves
Order to take off ppe
- Gloves
- Goggles/ face shield
- Gown
- Mask/respirator
5.hand hygiene
