literally memorizing the whole revision worksheet (im shameless( Flashcards
differentiate between animal and plant cells
both have cell membranes, cytoplasm, mitochondria and a nucleus.
animal cells do not have a cell wall, vacuoles, or chloroplasts
function of cytoplasm
chemical reactions take place
function of cell membrane
controls what goes in and out of a cell
function of nucleus
contains genetic material and controls the activities of the cell
function of mitochondria
respiration occurs
function of cell wall
strengthens the cell and provides support
function of vacuole
stores substances and manages waste
function of chloroplast
photosynthesis takes place
what is aerobic respiration and its formula
aerobic respiration is a biological process in which food glucose turns into energy in the presence of oxygen
glucose + oxygen –> carbon dioxide + water
what are enzymes
enzymes are biological catalysts: proteins that speed up the chemical reaction and aids in digestion. Enzymes break down big particles into smaller particles.
what are the three main enzymes used in our digestion process
-carbohydrase or amylase
-protease
-lipase
what is the relation between enzymes in commercial baby food.
Babies can have a hard time digesting high protein foods, so enzymes are added to their food to aid in digestion by turning the proteins into amino acids.
describe a muscle tissue
- a muscle is a contractile tissue that brings about movement
-it has the special ability to relax and contract to produce movement
-muscle tissue is highly cellular and is well supplied with blood vessels
-
name the organs involved in digestion and their functions
teeth, salivary glands, oesophagus, stomach, liver, gall bladder, pancreas, small intestine, large intestine, rectum/anus
what are the four chambers of the human heart and their functions
the upper two, the right atrium and left ventricle receive incoming blood
the lower two, the left atrium and right ventricle pump the blood out of the heart
CAPILLARIES
where substances diffuse, for example in the lungs with oxygen and blood
super narrow lumen & super thin walls
inelastic
super low blood pressure
ARTERIES
carry blood away from the heart
narrow lumen but thick boi walls
elastic
very high blood pressure
VEINS
carry blood to the heart
large lumen
less elastic & thin walls
lower blood pressure
VALVES
prevents blood from flowing backward
what are the parts of a leaf
cuticle, epidermis, palisade mesophyll, spongy mesophyll, lower epidermis, stoma
cuticle function
cuticles prevent water loss
epidermis
thin to let light in to the chloroplasts
palisade mesophyll
has a lot of chloroplasts to absorb the light
spongy mesophyll
has spaces of air to let carbon dioxide diffuse through the structure
stoma
holes in the leaf that let carbon oxygen in and diffuse oxygen out
guard cells
opens and closes the holes to prevent water loss
female reproductive parts of a flower
the pistil is the entire reproductive part
stigma (where the pollen attaches)
style (a long tube to the ovary bellow)
ovary (produces eggs)
ovule (the eggs)
male reproductive parts of a flower
anther (produces pollen)
filament (supports the anther)
differentiate between antiseptics and disinfectants
antiseptics
- to be used on living things and the body
- safe to use/ will not harm living tissues
-for cuts and open wounds
-kills microorganisms or prevents their growth
disinfectants:
-to be used on non-living things
-can be harmful and more toxic than antiseptic
-for toilet bowls, door knobs, etc
-destroys microorganisms
name the types of adaptations in animals
structural adaptations ( a feature of the body)
e.g. temperature regulation, poison release
physiological adaptations (a bodily process)
e.g. bills and claws
behavioural adaptations.
e.g. hibernation, learned behavior
how to prevent the risk of antibiotic resistant bacteria developing?
- take your medicine properly, as prescribed and instructed from a medical professional
- complete the full course of medicine without fail
- practice good hygiene such as handwashing
how can you control the spread of infections is hospitals
- practice good hygiene
-wearing personal protective equipment
-appropriate handling and disposal of used medical instruments
-aseptic techniques, for example dressing wounds (prevention)
-appropriate sterilization of instruments
-
differentiate between biotic and abiotic components of an ecosystem
Biotic factors are living things within an ecosystem; such as plants, animals, and bacteria, while abiotic are non-living components; such as water, soil and atmosphere.
what is a seed bank?
seed banks are places used to store seeds to ensure biodiversity in the future, and that we will have resources to tap into when necessary.
-crop diversity
-climate change
-natural disaster
-provides material for research
-preservation from man made disasters.
