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General Network Knowledge > Lists I've Memorized > Flashcards

Lists I've Memorized Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 13 BGP Path Attributes?

A
  • Highest weight
  • Highest Local pref
  • Local origin over external origin
    • AIGP
  • Shortest AS path
  • Lowest origin type
    • Lowest MED
  • eBGP over iBGP
  • Lowest IGP next hop cost
    • If eBGP then oldest route
  • Lowest peer router ID
  • Shortest Cluster List
    • Lowest neighbor IP address
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2
Q

What are the 5 different IGMP messages along with their types numbers?

A
  • Ver 2 Membership Report - 0x16
  • Ver 1 Membership Report - 0x12
  • Ver 2 Leave Group - 0x17
  • General Membership Query - 0x11
  • Group Specific Query - 0x11
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3
Q

What are the 4 fields in an IGMP message?

A
  • Type
  • Max Response Time
  • Checksum
  • Group Address
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4
Q

What 4 fields did IEEE 802.1q add to the VLAN packet structure?

A
  • Tag Protocol Identifier (TID)
  • Priority Code Point (PCP)
  • Drop Eligible Indicator (DEI)
  • VLAN Identifier (VLAN ID)
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5
Q

What are the 3 types of packets that need to be process switched?

A
  • Packets sourced by or destined for the router itself
  • Packets too complex for hardware (packets with IP options)
  • Packets that need extra information that isn’t already known (like ARP)
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6
Q

What 5 things happen when a packet is punted by CEF to be process switched?

A
  • ip_input process checks the routing table and ARP for next hop routers IP address, outgoing interface and MAC
  • Overwrites source MAC with its own MAC, and destination MAC with next hop router’s MAC
  • Decrements TTL
  • Recomputes checksum of IP header
  • Delivers packet to next hop router
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7
Q

In CEF switching what 7 things happen in CEF once a packet is received?

A
  • FIB checked for valid entry - glean if none
  • Adjacency table checked for destination MAC and IP - invoke ARP if none
  • Destination MAC overwritten with info from Adjacency Table
  • Source MAC overwritten with MAC from egress interface
  • TTL is decremented
  • Header checksum is re-computed
  • Packet delivered to next hop router
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8
Q

What are the 7 fields in a Configuration BPDU?

A
  • STP Type
  • Root Path Cost
  • Root Bridge Identifier
  • Local Bridge Identifier
  • Hello Timer
  • Forward Delay Timer
  • Max Age
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9
Q

How does a switch initially identify its Root Port (RP) along with 4 tie-breakers?

A
  • Port with lowest path cost to the Root
  • Port who’s neighbor has the lowest System Priority
  • Port whose neighbor has the lowest base MAC address
  • Port whose neighbor has the lowest port priority
  • Port whose neighbor has the lowest interface index number
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10
Q

What are the 3 port states in RSTP?

A
  • Discarding
  • Learning
  • Forwarding
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11
Q

What are the 4 RSTP Port Roles?

A
  • Root Port (RP)
  • Designated Port (DP)
  • Alternate Port
  • Backup Port
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12
Q

What are the short mode port costs for 10 Mbps, 100 Mbps, 1 Gbps, 10 Gbps, 20 Gbps, 100 Gbps, 1 Tbps, 10 Tbps?

A
  • 10 Mbps - 100
  • 100 Mbps - 19
  • 1 Gbps - 4
  • 10 Gbps - 2
  • 20 Gbps and higher - 1
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13
Q

What are the long mode port costs for 10 Mbps, 100 Mbps, 1 Gbps, 10 Gbps, 20 Gbps, 100 Gbps, 1 Tbps, 10 Tbps?

A
  • 10 Mbps - 2,000,000
  • 100 Mbps - 200,000
  • 1 Gbps - 20,000
  • 10 Gbps - 2,000
  • 20 Gbps - 1,000 (half of 10 Gbps)
  • 100 Gbps - 200
  • 1 Tbps - 20
  • 10 Tbps - 2
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14
Q

What are 4 causes of Layer 2 forwarding loops?

A
  • STP disabled
  • misconfigured Load Balancer
  • misconfigured Virtual Switch that bridges 2 physical ports
  • End users using a dumb switch or hub
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15
Q

What 9 parameters must match in order for interfaces to be members of the same port channel?

A
  • Load Interval
  • Storm Control
  • MTU
  • Speed
  • Duplex
  • Access/Trunk
  • Native VLAN
  • Allowed VLANs
  • L2 / L3
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16
Q

What are 5 enhancements introduced by DUAL?

A
  • Rapid Convergence
  • Sends updates only when there’s a change
  • Uses Hellos and forms Neighborships
  • Uses bandwidth, delay, reliability, load and MTU
  • can Load Balance across equal or un-equal cost links
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17
Q

What are the 5 packet types used by EIGRP when communicating with other routers?

A
  • Hello
  • Query
  • Request
  • Update
  • Reply
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18
Q

What are the 5 types of packets used by OSPF?

A
  • Hello
  • DD
  • Link State Request (LSR)
  • Link State Update (LSU)
  • Link State Ack
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19
Q

What are 9 fields in an OSPF Hello packet?

A
  • Router ID
  • Authentication options
  • Area ID
  • Interface mask
  • Interface priority
  • Hello Interval
  • Dead Interval
  • DR and BDR IP addresses
  • Active neighbors
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20
Q

What are the 8 OSPF neighbor states?

A
  • Down
  • Attempt
  • Init
  • 2-way
  • ExStart
  • Exchange
  • Loading
  • Full
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21
Q

What are the 10 requirements for OSPF routers to become neighbors?

A
  • Unique router IDs
  • Authentication matches
  • Area ID matches
  • Area flags match
  • Interfaces on a common subnet
  • MTUs match
  • Hello timer matches
  • Dead timer matches
  • DR enablement matches
  • Network type matches
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22
Q

What are 3 OSPF interface costs?

A
  • T1 = 64
  • 10 Mbps Ethernet = 10
  • 100 Mbps Ethernet and faster = 1
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23
Q

What are the 5 OSPF media types?

A
  • Broadcast
  • Non-broadcast
  • Point-to-point
  • Point-to-multipoint
  • Loopback
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24
Q

What are the 6 LSA types called?

A
  • Type 1 - Router LSA
  • Type 2 - Network LSA
  • Type 3 - Summary LSA
  • Type 4 - ASBR Summary LSA
  • Type 5 - AS External LSA
  • Type 7 - NSSA External LSA
25
Q

What are 9 ways that OSPFv3 is different from OSPFv2?

A
  • Multiple:
    • Address Families
    • OSPF instances per interface
  • Removed:
    • Number of fields in the packet has been reduced
    • Address Semantics from OSPF headers
    • Authentication removed
  • LSAs:
    • New LSA types
    • LSA Flooding scope is identified
  • Router ID - must be manually assigned
  • Neighbor adjacencies - handled by link-local addressing
26
Q

What are the 8 LSA Types in OSPFv3?

A
  • 0x2001 Router
  • 0x2002 Network
  • 0x2003 InterArea Prefix
  • 0x2004 InterArea Router
  • 0x4005 AS External
  • 0x2007 NSSA
  • 0x0008 Link
  • 0x2009 IntraArea Prefix
27
Q

What are the 2 blocks of private AS numbers?

A
  • 64,512 to 65,535
  • 4,200,000,000 to 4,294,967,294
28
Q

What are the 4 BGP message types?

A
  • OPEN - establishes adjacency
  • UPDATE - advertises, updates, or withdraws routes
  • NOTIFICATION - indicates an error condition to a BGP neighbor
  • KEEPALIVE - ensures that the BGP neighbor is still alive
29
Q

What 5 things are in an OPEN message?

A
  • BGP version number
  • Originating router’s ASN
  • Hold time
  • BGP Router ID
  • Other optional parameters for session capabilities
30
Q

What 4 things are checked in the OPEN Message that is received in the OpenSent State?

A
  • BGP versions must match
  • Source IP and ASN must match what has been configured locally
  • Router IDs must be unique
  • Security Parameters (password and TTL) must be set appropriately
31
Q

What 3 Path Attributes are set when a Connected Network is added to the Loc-RIB table?

A
  • Next Hop BGP Attribute set to 0.0.0.0
  • BGP Origin Attribute set to I (for IGP)
  • BGP weight set to 32,768
32
Q

What 4 Path Attributes are set when a Static Route or a route from a Routing Protocol is added to the Loc-RIB table?

A
  • Next Hop BGP Attribute set to Next Hop int the RIB
  • BGP Origin Attribute set to I (for IGP)
  • BGP weight set to 32,768
  • MED attribute set to the IGP metric
33
Q

What are the 6 BGP neighbor states?

A
  • Idle
  • Connect
  • Active
  • OpenSent
  • OpenConfirm
  • Established
34
Q

What are 4 changes made in IGMPv3?

A
  • IGMPv3 allows Receivers to specify the Multicast source
  • V3 is backward compatible
  • V3 added new fields to the IGMP Membership Query
  • V3 added a new message type called Ver 3 Membership Report to support source filtering
35
Q

What are the 9 PIM Control Message Types?

A
  • Type 0 - Hello
  • Type 1 - Register
  • Type 2 - Register Stop
  • Type 3 - Join/Prune
  • Type 4 - Bootstrap
  • Type 5 - Assert
  • Type 8 - Candidate RP Advertisement
  • Type 9 - State Refresh
  • Type 10 - DF Election

he won’t JOIN he’d rather PRUNE
so I’ll kick him with my BOOTSTRAP
to ASSERT my power
against the CANDIDATE RP ADVERTISEMENT
who’s running for secretary of STATE REFRESH
in the upcoming DF ELECTION

36
Q

What are the 3 802.1D port types?

A
  • Root Port (RP)
  • Designated Port (DP)
  • Blocking Port
37
Q

What are the 6 802.1D port states?

A
  • Disabled
  • Blocking
  • Listening
  • Learning
  • Forwarding
  • Broken
38
Q

What are the wavelengths of a 2.4 GHz signal and a 5 GHz signal?

A
  • 2.4 GHz signal is 4.92 inches
  • 5 GHz signal is 2.36 inches
39
Q

What are the 8 states that make up the Wireless Access Point State Machine?

A
  • AP Boots
  • WLC Discovery
  • CAPWAP Tunnel
  • WLC Join
  • Download image
  • Download config
  • Run State
  • Reset
40
Q

What are the 8 Access Point Modes?

A
  • Local
  • Monitor
  • FlexConnect
  • Flex-Bridge
  • Bridge
  • Rogue Detector
  • Sniffer
  • SE-Connect
41
Q

IANA and Linux Ports for VXLAN

A
  • IANA=4789
  • Linux=8472
42
Q

5 RESTCONF Commands

A
  • GET
  • POST
  • PUT
  • DELETE
  • OPTIONS
43
Q

5 Categories of HTTP status codes

A
  • 1xx - information
  • 2xx - success
  • 3xx - redirection
  • 4xx - client errors
  • 5xx - server errors
44
Q

6 HTTP status codes

A
  • 200 - success
  • 201 - created
  • 400 - bad request
  • 401 - unauthorized, authentication failed
  • 403 - forbidden, request understood but lacks permissions
  • 404 - file not found
45
Q

5 NETCONF verbs

A
  • GET
  • GET-CONFIG
  • EDIT-CONFIG
  • COPY-CONFIG
  • DELETE-CONFIG
46
Q

Formula to calculate EIGRP metrics

A

256 * ((107 / least_bandwidth_kbps) + (cumm delay/10))

47
Q

Formula to calculate EIGRP variance

A

Feasible successor FD/successor FD and round up

48
Q

Formula to calculate number of links in a full mesh

49
Q

CRUD

A
  • Create
  • Read
  • Update
  • Delete
50
Q

PPDIOO Life Cycle

A
  • Prepare
  • Plan
  • Design
  • Implement
  • Operate
  • Optimize
51
Q

Load balancing methods on etherchannel

How many are there?
What are they?

A
  • 12 methods
  • ip, mac, and port for src
  • ip, mac, and port for dst
  • ip, mac, and port for src-dest
  • mixed ip and port for src, dst, and src-dst
52
Q

What 4 components of Flexible Netflow?

A
  • Flow Records
  • Flow Monitors
  • Flow Exporters
  • Flow Samplers
53
Q

What are the 5 steps in configuring a Flow Exporter?

A
  • Define the Exporter name
  • Set a useful description
  • Specify the destination IP to export to
  • Specify the flow version
  • Specify the UDP port
54
Q

What are the 5 steps in configuring a Flow Monitor?

A
  • Define the Flow Monitor name
  • Set a useful description
  • Assign the Flow Record to be used
  • Specify a cache timeout of 60 for active connections
  • Assign the Exporter to the Monitor
55
Q

What are 9 capabilities offered by DNA-C

A
  • Cisco SD-Access config
  • Config templates
  • Simplified provisioning
  • Simplified security policies
  • Software Image mgmt
  • Wireless network mgmt
  • 3rd party integration
  • Network Assurance
  • Plug and Play
56
Q

What are the 8 syslog severity codes?

A
  • 0 emergency
  • 1 alert
  • 2 critical
  • 3 error
  • 4 warning
  • 5 notification
  • 6 informational
  • 7 debugging
57
Q

6 PINs

A
  • Campus
  • Data Center
  • WAN
  • Branch
  • Edge
  • Cloud
58
Q

Valid numbers for standard and extended access-lists

A
  • Standard
    • 1 - 99
    • 1300 - 1999
  • Extended
    • 100 - 199
    • 2000 - 2699

General Network Knowledge (29 decks)

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