lists and definitions catholic ethics

Question 1

Moral Theology:

Answer 1

Expression of systematic theology that focuses on implications of faith for the way we live

Question 2

Ethics vs. Morals

Answer 2

Christian convictions vs. How we act in light of convictions

Question 3

Three principle methods of making moral decisions

Answer 3

1. Teleological (McCormick)
   
   2. Deontological (May)
   3. Responsible person - responsible to the person who confronts you on their own terms

Question 4

Classicist view:

Answer 4

Moral theology as an application of eternal principles

Question 5

Historical Consciousness:

Answer 5

Sees each thing as a part of the whole yet to be discovered (bioethics); inductive, sees learning as a process

Question 6

3 Level of Faith and Action

Answer 6

1. Beliefs of Christians
   
   2. Intentions of Person
   3. Criteria developed for moral actions

Question 7

Human nature:

Answer 7

Universal norms based on natural tendencies and bodily functions

Question 8

Human Person:

Answer 8

Persons are relational, embodied, historical, original

Question 9

3 Criteria Dissent:

Answer 9

1. Serious
   
   2. Does not impugn the teaching authority of the church
   3. Does not bring scandal

Question 10

Natural law:

Answer 10

Live according to what reason commands, inclination to the good ‘order of nature’ vs. ‘Order of reason’ (Thomas said both)

Question 11

Physicalism:

Answer 11

Body’s structure and function gives us moral imperatives

Question 12

Function Natural Law:

Answer 12

1. Existence of objective moral order
2. Anyone can access it
3. Universalizable

Question 13

New additions to natural law

Answer 13

1. Real
   
   2. Experiential
   3. Consequential
   4. Historical
   5. Proportional
   6. Personal

Question 14

3 Font Principle determining morality of an action

Answer 14

1. Object of act/means
   
   2. Intention (end)
   3. Circumstances and consequences

Question 15

Intrinsic Evil:

Answer 15

Contrary to nature and defect of the right no intention or set of circumstances can justify it

Question 16

Double Effect:

Answer 16

1. Action is good or indifferent
   
   2. Good effect is not produced by evil effect
   3. Evil effect is unintended
   4. Proportionate reason to tolerate the evil effect

Question 17

Objections to Proportionalism:

Answer 17

1. Consequentialist
   
   2. Relativism
   3. No universal norms
   4. Quantifies and weighs values

Question 18

Volunteerism:

Answer 18

Moral obligation based on will of lawgiver

Question 19

Plurifinalists:

Answer 19

Goods are incommensurable

Question 20

Levels of Church teaching:

Answer 20

1. Infallible
   
   2. ‘In definite way’
   3. Aid understanding in revelation
   4. Warnings

Question 21

Sensus Fidei:

Answer 21

Opinion of the faithful

Question 22

Formal vs. Material cooperation:

Answer 22

Formal: involved with same intention,
Material: only participation not intention
Immediate material: action leads directly to consequence
Mediate material: action indirectly involved

Question 23

Church Teachers:

Answer 23

Pope: sets universal boundaries, becomes teaching authority 19th century
Bishops: responsible order, conflict

Question 24

2 Forms infallibility

Answer 24

1. Extraordinary - only 2 (assumption and immaculate conception)
   
   2. Ordinary (without definition) - teaching of magisterium, question about what counts

Question 25

How to know authority of church document:

Answer 25

1. Scripture 2. Tradition 3. Authority 4. History

Question 26

Non-assent vs. Dissent:

Answer 26

Wish I could believe but I can’t because…

Question 27

Definitive Teaching:

Answer 27

How church understands revelation

Question 28

Formal, material synthetic norms

Answer 28

1. Be virtuous 2. What you do 3. Act and intent come together

Question 29

Indirect abortion

Answer 29

Direct moral object of action is medical therapy

Question 30

Vitalism:

Answer 30

Prolongation of life is absolute good

Question 31

Ovulation test:

Answer 31

Tests pre-existing pregnancy and if woman is near ovulation, if she is in mid or early cycle, then don’t give her plan B

Question 32

NFP:

Answer 32

Not contracepting act, not positive, using it to NEVER have children is immortal

Question 33

Homologous Artificial Insemination:

Answer 33

By husband, ok if by instrument used during sexual act

Question 34

Acceptable uses of ARTS

Answer 34

1. Perforated condom 2. Ovum transfer 3. Moving sperm from vagina to uterus

Question 35

Benemorasia:

Answer 35

Refuse to kill because life is incomparably good

Question 36

Norms of human subjects research

Answer 36

1. Totality and integrity 2. Human dignity 3. Free and informed consent

Question 37

Formal Cooperation

Answer 37

Intends or approves of the wrongdoing of the other

Question 38

Material Cooperation

Answer 38

Contributes to the wrongdoing but not at the level of action

Question 39

Immediate Material Cooperation:

Answer 39

Indistinguishable from or essential to wrong doing (ok if proportionate reason)

Question 40

Mediate Material Cooperation:

Answer 40

Distinguishable and not essential to wrong doing ok if proportionate reason

Question 41

Scandal:

Answer 41

Attitude or behavior which leads another to do evil, can occur by cooperation or not cooperating

Question 42

Duress:

Answer 42

Doing something because you are forced to under the law and has indirect consequences that you do not support (ie paying taxes if you disagree with capital punishment) institutions cannot claim duress

Question 43

Strong social quality of life Model:

Answer 43

Do not give newborns full moral status

Question 44

Weak Social Quality of Life Model:

Answer 44

Full moral status to newborns, but do not appreciate social considerations to treat or not

Question 45

Proportionalism:

Answer 45

Only moral criteria is proportionate (no intrinsically evil acts)

Question 46

Proximate cooperation:

Answer 46

Essential in causality

Question 47

Remote cooperation:

Answer 47

Not essential quality in causality