List B Vocabulary Flashcards
Anaphora
repetition of words at the beginning of successive clauses (ex : “My life is my purpose. My life is my goal. My life is my inspiration.”)
Anecdote
a short account of an interesting event. (ex : a story)
Archaic Diction
the use of words common to an earlier time period, outdated language. (ex : thou, art)
Anadiplosis
repetition, the last word of the clause begins the next clause. (ex : remember, remember)
Apostrophe
breaking from normal speech ( ex : can’t)
Appositive
A noun or a noun phrase
Asyndeton
leaving out conjunctions between words, phrases or clauses (ex : reduce, reuse, recycle)
Catacharesis
misuse of words
Chiasmus
a reversal in the order of words (ex : never let a fool kiss you or a kiss fool you)
Colloquialism
an informal use of language (ex : texting, “where you wanna go?”)
Deduction
reasoning from general to specific (ex : all Germans are bad, hitler caused the holocaust, therefore all Germans are bad)
Epistrophe
repetition of a word at the end of two or more SUCCESSIVE verses or sentences.
Ethos
referring to a character or person (1/3 Aristotle)
Euphemism
safer or nicer word for an offensive term (ex : mental institution - loony bin)
Fallacy
a flaw that makes a conclusion invalid
Hyperbole
exaggeration for the purpose of emphasis (ex : I haven’t slept in 3 days)
Induction
reasoning from specific to general (ex : Jennifer leaves for school at 7:00 a.m. Jennifer is always on time. Jennifer assumes, then, that she will always be on time if she leaves at 7:00 a.m.)
Litotes
understatement to make a point (ex : the food isn’t that bad)
Logos
appealing to logic. (2/3 Aristotle)
Malapropism
misusing words ridiculously, especially those similar in sound (ex : Tom is the very pineapple of politeness. (pinnacle)
)
Pathos
appealing to emotion (3/3 Aristotle)
Polysyndeton
a deliberate use of a series of conjunctions (ex : “for Christmas, I want a doll and a ball and an IPad and a new pair of boots.”)
Syllogism
a form of deductive reasoning supported by a MAJOR and MINOR premise
Premise - Major & Minor
two parts of syllogism
Synecdoche
a figure of speech in which a part is used for the WHOLE (ex: bread, money)
Zeugma
to modify or govern two or more words when it is appropriate to only one of them (ex: “He lost his coat and his temper.”)
Allusion
passing reference to a literary or historical person, place or event. (ex : mention of without actually saying it)
