List 3

Question 1

Ad Hominem Fallacy

Answer 1

Fallacy of logic where the person’s character/motive is attacked rather than their argument

Question 2

Ad Populum Fallacy

Answer 2

Fallacy in logic in which the wide-spread occurrence of something is assumed to make it true or right

Question 3

Appeal to Authority

Answer 3

citation of information from people recognized for their special knowledge of a subject for the purpose of strengthening a speaker/writer’s argument

Question 4

argument (argumentation)

Answer 4

exploration of a problem by investigating all sides of it; persuasion through reason

Question 5

begging the question

Answer 5

a logical fallacy in which a statement or claim is assumed to be true without evidence other than the statement or claim itself

Question 6

Demeaning a teacher’s decision on grading by insulting her intelligence, e.g., “Well, it’s not
like you graduated from the best school so I can see why you wouldn’t know how to
properly grade a writing assignment.”

Answer 6

Ad Hominem Fallacy example

Question 7

Black Panther must be a great movie! Mentalfloss.com says, “…record-breaking opening
weekend…top 20 highest-grossing movies of all time.”

Answer 7

Ad Populum Fallacy example

Question 8

Dr. Oz, an American cardiothoracic surgeon, author, and television personality, went on
the Oprah Winfrey Network to speak about drinking green juices and shared his knowledge
of fibrous nutrition.

Answer 8

Appeal to Authority example

Question 9

“It is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in possession of a good fortune,
must be in want of a wife.” –Jane Austen, Pride and Prejudice (The argument presented
here may be that eligible bachelors seem to have no other worry in their life except looking
for beautiful partners.)

Answer 9

Argumentation example

Question 10

1. The Bible is the infallible word of God. 2. The Bible says that God exists. 3. Therefore,
   God exists.

Answer 10

begging the question example

Question 11

Chronological ordering

Answer 11

arrangement in which the order of things occur; may move from past to present or in reverse chronological order, from present to past

Question 12

classification (as a means of ordering)

Answer 12

arrangement of objects according to class.

Question 13

deduction (deductive reasoning)

Answer 13

form of reasoning that begins with a generalization, then applies that generalization to a specific case or cases; opposite to induction

Question 14

digression

Answer 14

temporary departure from the main subject in speaking or writing

Question 15

false dilemma

Answer 15

a Fallacy in which two choices are presented but more exist; usually characterized by “either this or that” language, but can also be characterized by omissions of choices

Question 16

First, then, lastly

Answer 16

chronologically ordering example

Question 17

Media classified as print, television, and radio

Answer 17

classification example

Question 18

All objects made of iron rust. The hammer is made of iron. The hammer was left outside in
the rain; therefore, it rusted.

Answer 18

deduction example

Question 19

The author was describing his parents when he began to reminisce about his childhood.

Answer 19

digression example

Question 20

A father speaking to his son says, “Are you going to college and make something of
yourself, or are you going to end being an unemployable bum like me?” The dilemma is
the son’s supposed choice limitation: either he goes to college or he will be a bum. The
dilemma is false because the alternative of not going to college but still being
employable has not been considered.

Answer 20

false dilemma example

Question 21

induction (inductive reasoning)

Answer 21

form of reasoning that goes from specific to generalization, opposite of deduction

Question 22

Non Sequitur

Answer 22

a statement that doesn’t follow logically what preceded it

Question 23

persuasion

Answer 23

taking a position solely for the purpose of getting others to accept that position; may appeal to emotion or reason

Question 24

Post Hoc Fallacy

Answer 24

Fallacy in logic; occurs when writer assumes that an incident that precedes another is the cause of the second incident

Question 25

syllogism

Answer 25

two statements or premises are made and a logical conclusion is drawn from them; a form of deductive reasoning

Question 26

Major Premise: J and G Construction builds unsafe buildings.
Minor Premise: J and G Construction built the Tower hotel
Conclusion: The Tower Hotel is an unsafe building.

Answer 26

syllogism example

Question 27

Governor Peterson began his first term in January. Three months later, the state
suffered severe economic depression. Therefore, Governor Peterson caused the state’s
depression.

Answer 27

Post Hoc Fallacy example

Question 28

Everyone should convert to vegetarianism; otherwise, one hates animals.

Answer 28

Persuasion example

Question 29

Kittens are cute. This is why we should all be Catholic. J (The second statement has no relevance to the first…it logically doesn’t follow.)

Answer 29

non sequitur example

Question 30

Mrs. Stultz is a teacher. Mrs. Stultz likes cats. Therefore, all teachers like cats.

Answer 30

inductive reasoning example