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Lipids Unit Test > Lipids > Flashcards

Lipids Flashcards

1
Q

Lipids are ____ _____ molecules that are insoluble in polar solvents like water

A

Non polar

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2
Q

They are created through the process of __________ synthesis and contain carbon,hydrogen and oxygen

A

Dehydration

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3
Q

Vitamins _____,______ and ______ will only dissolve in fat.

A

A,D,E

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4
Q

What are the 4 types of lipids

A

Fats and oils
Phospholipids
Steroids
Waxes

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5
Q

What are the two subunits of fat and oils

A

The first is the glycerol backbone and the second is the fatty acid chain

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6
Q

Lacking any of the ________ ________ _______ will lead to skin lesions, poor ______ growth and a low ______ rate

A

Essentially fatty acids,hair, growth

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7
Q

The fatty acid chain can be _________ or __________

A

Saturated or unsaturated

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8
Q 
Unsaturated = \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_
Saturated= \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
A

No bonds, single bond

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9
Q

Try here is a bend at the location of each _____ bond

A

Double

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10
Q

Unsaturated fat can be _______________ and can also be _____________ with more than one double bond

A

Monosaturated, polyunsaturated

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11
Q

________ fats are created in factories

A

Trans

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12
Q

Hydrogenated fats are created via the process of _________

A

Hydrogenation

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13
Q

Polyunsaturated ___________ oil is blasted with __________ atoms and the double bonds are removed as ________ atoms are forced into the carbon backbone forming a trans fat

A

Vegetable,hydrogen,hydrogen

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14
Q

A fat or ____ results when a glycerol molecule combined with ____,_____,______fatty acids to form a mono,do,triglyceride

A

Oils,1,2,3

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15
Q

The most common are __________

A

Triglycerides

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16
Q

What are the two types of essential fatty acids

A

Omega 3,Omega 6

17
Q

What percentage of people do not enough omega 3’s

A

99%

18
Q

What is the consumptions ratio of omega 6’s to omega 3’s

A

15TBSP of omega 6’s and one TBSP of omega 3’s

19
Q

What types of oils are providing us with omega 6’s and what type of food products are they typically found in

A

Vegatable oils such as corn and soy oil, used in processed food which is where we get most of our omega 6’s

20
Q

What type of bond links the carbon molecules together in the backbone

A

The type of bond is single.

21
Q

How many bonds must a carbon atom make

A

4

22
Q

What “state” of matter does a saturated fat take at room temperature

A

Solids

23
Q

What “state” of matter does an unsaturated fat take at room temperature

A

Liquids

24
Q

What types of oils/food contain monounsaturated fats

A

Olive,canola,soybean oil

25
Q

How do polyunsaturated fats differ from monounsaturated fats

A

Contains multiple carbon atoms with only one hydrogen atom and more than one double bond between carbons in the molecule

26
Q

How does a cis fat become a trans fat

A

Extra hydrogen atoms are added to the polyunsaturated fat
These extra hydrogen atoms break the double bond between some of the carbon
They then attach to the “unsaturated” carbon atoms

27
Q

The difference between trans and cis fat

A

With trans , the hydrogen of the fatty acid chain on the opposite side of the chain. Cis fat contains the both hydrogen in one side of the fatty acid chain

28
Q

How does the new arrangement of hydrogen atoms affect the shape and texture of the unsaturated fat

A

The shape is straight and the texture is solid

29
Q

Heart attack strikes once every _____ seconds in North America

A

34

30
Q

What is the prime suspect for heart attacks

A

Cholesterol

31
Q

What are two big sources of cholesterol

A

Eggs and shellfish

32
Q

Statin doesn’t prevent 60% to 80% of what

A

Cardiac events

33
Q

How many double bonds along the carbon backbone does a monosaturated fat have

A

1

34
Q

The difference between trans and natural trans fats

A

Natural trans fats are different and does not increase your risk of heart disease

35
Q

Phospholipid diagram (top to bottom)

A

Polar head,phosphate head(on the right), unsaturated fatty acid chain (right side), saturated fatty acid chain (left side), non polar lipid tail (bottom)

36
Q

Wax’s are long obtained fatty acid which are combined with a long chained ______

A

Alcohol

37
Q

They are _______ in water

A

Insoluble

38
Q

They provide a water _____ layer for leaves,______,feathers and _____ amongst other things

A

Proof,fruit,fur

Lipids Unit Test (1 decks)

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