Lipids Flashcards
What are biomolecules?
Organic compounds present in living organisms that are essential for life.
What does the term ‘turn over’ refer to in the context of biomolecules?
The constant change of biomolecules into other biomolecules through chemical reactions.
What is metabolism?
The sum of all chemical reactions occurring in living organisms.
Give an example of a metabolic transformation.
Removal of CO2 from amino acids, hydrolysis of a glycosidic bond in a disaccharide.
What are metabolic pathways?
Series of linked reactions where metabolites are converted into each other.
How are metabolic pathways similar to automobile traffic?
They have a definite rate and direction, and can be linear or circular.
What is the dynamic state of body constituents?
The smooth, interlinked flow of metabolites through metabolic pathways.
True or False: All metabolic reactions are uncatalyzed.
False
What are enzymes?
Proteins that catalyze metabolic reactions.
What are anabolic pathways?
Metabolic pathways that build complex structures from simpler ones, consuming energy.
What are catabolic pathways?
Metabolic pathways that break down complex structures into simpler ones, releasing energy.
What is glycolysis?
The metabolic pathway that converts glucose to lactic acid in 10 steps.
What is the primary energy currency in living systems?
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
What is the relationship between metabolism and the living state?
Metabolism provides the energy needed to maintain a non-equilibrium steady state in living organisms.
What does ‘steady state’ mean in biological systems?
A non-equilibrium state where concentrations of biomolecules are maintained.
Fill in the blank: The blood concentration of glucose in a healthy individual is _______.
4.2 mmol/L-6.1 mmol/L.
What prevents living organisms from reaching equilibrium?
Continuous energy input and metabolic processes.
What is meant by ‘metabolic flux’?
The continuous movement and transformation of metabolites in biological systems.
Lecithin is a
Phospholipid
