lipids Flashcards
what atoms are lipids made up of
carbon hydrogen and oxygen atoms (phospholipids contain phosphorus thru the phosphate group)
H:O ratio of lipid molecules
more than 2:1
what are lipids soluble and insoluble in
insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents (eg. ethanol, ether)
main type of lipids
triglycerides
triglyceride formation
from the condensation of 1 glycerol molecule and 3 fatty acid molecules (w/ the removal of 3 water molecules)
word equation for triglyceride molecule
glycerol + fatty acids => triglyceride + water
what is the bond between a fatty acid molecule and a glycerol molecule called
ester bond
2 types of triglycerides
fats and oils
fats properties
solid at room temperature
consist of saturated fatty acids
excess intake increases risk of heart disease
oils properties
liquid at room temperature
consist of 1 or more unsaturated fatty acids
intake may lower the risk of heart disease
why does the excess intake of fats increase the risk of heart disease for some people
excess fats are deposited inside blood vessels which may restrict blood flow
however w genetics in metabolism that break fats down faster some ppl have a lower risk of heart disease to begin w (hereditary risk essentially)
properties of saturated fatty acids
straight chain (only consists of single carbon bonds)
properties of unsaturated fatty acids
contains at least 1 carbon double bond and therefore has a bend (kink)
why are unsaturated fatty acids found in oils
due to the bend in unsaturated fatty acids, the forces that hold these fats together are weaker, leading to less efficient packing of the fatty acids and therefore unsaturated fatty acids are found in oils
why do fats only consist of saturated fatty acids
they are straight chains, hence they can be easily + efficiently compacted together w/ the help of forces that hold them together
