Lipids

Question 1

List seven functions of lipids

Answer 1

Thermal and electrical insulation, cell membranes, energy source and storage, metabolic water, protection of organs from physical damage, waterproofing and bouyancy, steroid hormones

Question 2

What elements do lipids contain?

Answer 2

Carbon, hydrogen and oxygen (plus phosphorus in phospholipids)

Question 3

Triglycerides are made of

Answer 3

Glycerol and three fatty acids

Question 4

Phospholipids are made of

Answer 4

Glycerol, two fatty acids and a phosphate group

Question 5

What is the difference between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids?

Answer 5

Saturated only contain single carbon-carbon bonds, and carbons are bonded to the maximum number of hydrogens. Unsaturated contain double carbon-carbon bonds and carbons are not bonded to the maximum number of hydrogens

Question 6

What bond is formed by a condensation reaction in lipids?

Answer 6

Ester

Question 7

Which parts of a phospholipid are hydrophilic and hydrophobic?

Answer 7

The phosphate and glycerol and hydrophilic, the fatty acids hydrophobic (nonpolar)

Question 8

A high intake of saturated fat raises production of … in the … which can cause plaques called…

Answer 8

A high intake of saturated fat raises production of low density lipoprotein cholesterol in the liver which can cause plaques called atheromas