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Lipids > Lipids > Flashcards

Lipids Flashcards

1
Q

Hexanoic

A

Caproic 6:0

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2
Q

Octanic

A

Caprylic 8:0

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3
Q

Decanoic

A

Capric 10:0

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4
Q

Dodecanoic

A

Lauric 12:0

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5
Q

Tetradecanoic

A

Myristic 14:0

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6
Q

Hexadecanoic

A

Palmitic 16:0

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7
Q

Octadecanoic

A

Stearic 18:0

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8
Q

9-Octadecenoic

A

Oleic 18:1 d9

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9
Q

9,12-Octadecadienoic

A

Linoleic 18:2 d9

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10
Q

9,12,15-Octadecatrienoic

A

Linolenic 18:3 d9

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11
Q

5,8,11,14-Eicosatetraenoic

A

Arachidonic 20:4 d5

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12
Q

5,8,11,14,17-Eichosapentaenoic

A

EPA 20:5 d5

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13
Q

4,7,10,13,16,19-Docosahexaenoic

A

DHA 22:6 d4

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14
Q

what are key characteristics of the lipid categories:
- Fatty Acyls
- Glycerolipids
- Glycerophospholipids
- Sphingolipids
- Sterol Lipids
- Prenol Lipids
- Saccharolipids
- Polyketides

A
  • FA = no double bonds
  • GL = connected by -OH + 1 double bond
  • GPL = connected by a phosphate group
  • SPL = amine groups + sphingo backbone
  • SL = 4 cyclic rings
  • PL = 5-C isoprene alcohols
  • SCL = sugar ring + glycosidic bond
  • PK = cyclic ketones
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15
Q

What are the steps of Omega-6 biosynthesis

A

Omega-6 = 18:2/Linoleic
Linoleic -> desaturation at C6 -> elongation -> desaturation at C5 => 20:4/arachidonic

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16
Q

What are the steps of Omega-3 biosynthesis

A

Omega-3 = 18:3/Linolenic
Linolenic -> desaturation at C6 -> elongation -> desaturation at C5 => 20:5/EPA -> elongation => 22:5/DPA -> elongation -> desaturation at C6 -> oxidation => 22:6/DHA

17
Q

What are the requirements of Saponification

A
  • ester bond between a fatty acid molecule + glycerol
  • hydrolyzed by an alkali
18
Q

What are the 3 steps of oxidation

A
  1. Initiation - formation of radicals
  2. Propagation - accumulation of radicals
  3. Termination - removal of radicals
19
Q

Sterol esters, phosphatidyethanolamine, triacylglycerides, phosphatidylinositol, sterols, cardolipin, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatic acid

Which are polar and nonpolar?

A

Polar: phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidyethanolamine, cardolipin, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatic acid

Nonpolar: Sterol esters, triacylglycerides, sterols

20
Q

what are the 5 steps in edible-oil processing?

A

extraction -> degumming -> neutralization -> bleaching -> deodorizing

21
Q

What is saponification?
What compounds are/aren’t saponifiable?

A

conversion of a triacylglyceride + alkaline into a soap + glycerol *needs an ester bond to break
Sap: sterol esters, triacylglycerides, glycerophospholipids, sphingolipids
Nonsap: hydrocarbons, Vit A/D/E, pigments/Carotenoids

Lipids (1 decks)

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