Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biologically Important Molecules > Lipids > Flashcards

Lipids Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Organic Chemistry 101 flashcards
1
Q

What are the three physiological roles that lipids play?

A
  1. adipose cells = tryglycerides store energy
  2. cellular membranes = phospholipids form a barrier between intracellular and extracellular environment
  3. cholesterol serves as a building block for hydrophobic steroid hormones
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the cardinal characteristic of lipids?

A

hydrophobicity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are fatty acids composed of?

A

long unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What does it mean for a fatty acid to be saturated? Unsaturated?

A

saturated = no double bonds, every carbon is covalently bonded to the maximum number of hydrogens
unsaturated = carbon carbon double bonds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What structure is formed when fatty acids interact with water?

A

micelle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What force causes a micelle to form?

A

hydrophobic interaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the energy storage form of fatty acids?

A

triacylglycerol
triglycerides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are triglycerides composed of?

A

three fatty acids esterified to a glycerol molecule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is glycerol?

A

a three carbon triol that has three hydroxyl groups which can be esterified to fatty acids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are lipases?

A

enzymes that hydrolyze fats

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the two reasons triglycerides are better energy storage molecules than carbohydrates?

A

packing and energy content

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What lipids make up the lipid bilayer?

A

phospholipids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are phospholipids derived from?

A

diacylglycerol phosphate, DG-P

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What forces stabilize the lipid bilayer?

A

van der Waals forces between the long tails

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What determines the degree of membrane fluidity?

A
  1. length of the fatty acid tail
  2. degree of saturation
  3. amount of cholesterol
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is a terpene?

A

member of a broad class of compounds built from isoprene units

17
Q

What is squalene?

A

triterpene with six isoprene units that is synthetically utilized in the manufacture of steroids

18
Q

What is a terpenoid?

A

species that are built from isoprene units and are functionalized with other elements such as O, N, and S

19
Q

What is the basic structure of all steroids?

A

tetracyclic ring system based on the structure of cholesterol

20
Q

What are lipoproteins?

A

transport vesicles that carry fats, cholesterol and proteins throughout the blood

21
Q

What are the two common steroid hormones made from cholesterol?

A

estradiol and testosterone

Biologically Important Molecules (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions