Lipids Flashcards
Lipids form through
Dehydration reactions
Dehydration reaction for lipids link what together
fatty acids to glycerol
3 Carbs
Starch/glycogen
Cellulose
Chitin
Nucleic acids
DNA
RNA
Starch, gylcogen
Glucose
Energy storage
Cellulose
Glucose
Structural Support Plant cell walls
Chitin
Modified glucose
Structural support
DNA
Nucleotides
Encodes Genes
RNA
Nucleotides
• Needed for gene expression
5 lipids
Triglycerides Phospholipids Prostaglandins Steroids Terpenes
Dehydration Reaction
Form a covalent bond between two monomer
Called “Condensation
For every subunit added to a macromolecule
• One water molecule is removed
Catalysis (Dehydration Reaction)
- Positioning and stressing
* Carried out within cells by enzymes
o Hydrolysis Reactions
Reversed dehydration reaction
• Molecule of water is added instead of removed
Hydrogen atom is attached to one subunit
Hydroxyl group is attached to another
• Both breaking the covalent bond
Monosaccharide
Simple sugars
o 3 carbona toms
o 6 in energy storage
Carbohydrates
Contain carbon, hydro gen and oxygen
• Molar ratio 1:2:1
Many (C-H) bonds
• Release energy when oxidation occurs
o Well suited for energy storage
• 6 carbon sugars
o Straight-chain form
o When dissolved in water
Form rings
Disaccharides
o Transport molecules
o Provide nutrition in animals
o Two monosaccharides linked together
o Reservoirs of glucose
• Sucrose
o Glucose + Fructose
• Lactose
o Glucose + Galactose
Polysaccharides
• Long polymers
o Monosaccharides
• Joined together by dehydration reactions
• Pectin
o Branched polysaccharides
o 20 to 30 glucose subunits
