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Chapter 3 biology > Lipids > Flashcards

Lipids Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Lipids form through

A

Dehydration reactions

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2
Q

Dehydration reaction for lipids link what together

A

fatty acids to glycerol

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3
Q

3 Carbs

A

Starch/glycogen
Cellulose
Chitin

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4
Q

Nucleic acids

A

DNA

RNA

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5
Q

Starch, gylcogen

A

Glucose

Energy storage

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6
Q

Cellulose

A

Glucose

Structural Support Plant cell walls

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7
Q

Chitin

A

Modified glucose

Structural support

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8
Q

DNA

A

Nucleotides

Encodes Genes

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9
Q

RNA

A

 Nucleotides

• Needed for gene expression

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10
Q

5 lipids

A 
Triglycerides
Phospholipids
Prostaglandins
Steroids
Terpenes
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11
Q

Dehydration Reaction

A

 Form a covalent bond between two monomer
 Called “Condensation
 For every subunit added to a macromolecule
• One water molecule is removed

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12
Q

Catalysis (Dehydration Reaction)

A
  • Positioning and stressing

* Carried out within cells by enzymes

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13
Q

o Hydrolysis Reactions

A

 Reversed dehydration reaction
• Molecule of water is added instead of removed
 Hydrogen atom is attached to one subunit
 Hydroxyl group is attached to another
• Both breaking the covalent bond

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14
Q

Monosaccharide

A

 Simple sugars
o 3 carbona toms
o 6 in energy storage

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15
Q

Carbohydrates

A

 Contain carbon, hydro gen and oxygen

• Molar ratio 1:2:1

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16
Q

 Many (C-H) bonds

A

• Release energy when oxidation occurs

o Well suited for energy storage

17
Q

• 6 carbon sugars

A

o Straight-chain form
o When dissolved in water
 Form rings

18
Q

 Disaccharides

A

o Transport molecules
o Provide nutrition in animals
o Two monosaccharides linked together
o Reservoirs of glucose

19
Q

• Sucrose

A

o Glucose + Fructose

20
Q

• Lactose

A

o Glucose + Galactose

21
Q

 Polysaccharides

A

• Long polymers
o Monosaccharides
• Joined together by dehydration reactions

22
Q

• Pectin

A

o Branched polysaccharides

o 20 to 30 glucose subunits

Chapter 3 biology (6 decks)

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