Lipid transport and Dyslipidaemia

Question 1

What is the density of Chylomicrons?

Answer 1

Less than 0.95 kg/L

Question 2

What is the diameter of Chylomicrons?

Answer 2

75-1200 microns

Question 3

What is the major lipid(s) that make up Chylomicrons?

Answer 3

Triglycerides

Question 4

Which apoproteins are contained within Chylomicrons?

Answer 4

Apoprotein B-48 is the main structural protein and one is contained within each chylomicron.
Other apoproteins that are present include:
Apoprotein A, C and E

Question 5

What is the main function of Chylomicrons?

Answer 5

Chylomicrons are responsible for the transport of dietary cholesterol and triglycerides to peripheral tissue and the liver.

Question 6

What is the density of VLDL lipoproteins?

Answer 6

0.930- 1.006 kg/L

Question 7

What is the diameter of VLDL?

Answer 7

30-80 microns

Question 8

What is the major lipid(s) that make up VLDL?

Answer 8

Triglycerides

Question 9

Which apoproteins are contained within VLDL?

Answer 9

Apoprotein B100, Apoprotein C and E

Question 10

What is the main function of VLDL?

Answer 10

Responsible for the transport of triglycerides and cholesterol (but mainly triglycerides due to its composition) into peripheral tissues. The Apo B100 expressed acts as a substrate for the LDL receptors expressed on these tissues allowing the uptake of TG and cholesterol into the tissues.

Question 11

What is the density of IDL lipoproteins?

Answer 11

1.006- 1.019 kg/L

Question 12

What is the diameter of IDL?

Answer 12

25-35 microns

Question 13

What is the major lipid(s) that make up IDL?

Answer 13

Triglycerides
Cholesterol

Question 14

Which apoproteins are contained within IDL?

Answer 14

Apoprotein B100 and Apoprotein E

Question 15

What is the main function of IDL?

Answer 15

Responsible for the transport of triglycerides and cholesterol into peripheral tissues. The Apo B100 contained within the lipoprotein acts as a substrate for the LDL receptors expressed on these tissues allowing the uptake of TG and cholesterol into the tissues.

Question 16

What is the density of LDL lipoproteins?

Answer 16

1.019- 1.063 kg/L

Question 17

What is the diameter of LDL?

Answer 17

18-25 microns

Question 18

What is the major lipid(s) that make up LDL?

Answer 18

Cholesterol

Question 19

Which apoproteins are contained within LDL?

Answer 19

Apoprotein B100

Question 20

What is the main function of LDL?

Answer 20

Responsible for the transport of triglycerides and cholesterol (but mainly cholesterol due to its composition) into peripheral tissues. The Apo B100 expressed acts as a substrate for the LDL receptors expressed on these tissues allowing the uptake of TG and cholesterol into the tissues.

Question 21

What is the density of HDL lipoproteins?

Answer 21

1.063- 1.210 kg/L

Question 22

What is the diameter of HDL?

Answer 22

5-12 microns

Question 23

What is the major lipid(s) that make up HDL?

Answer 23

Protein (Apoprotein A1 contributes to 70%)

Question 24

Which apoproteins are contained within HDL?

Answer 24

Apoprotein A1, Apoprotein A2, Apoprotein C and Apoprotein E

Question 25

What is the main function of HDL?

Answer 25

HDL is a crucial lipoprotein involved in the reverse cholesterol transport. It is responsible for facilitating the removal of excess cholesterol within cells and peripheral tissue back to hepatocytes where it is either redistributed to elsewhere in the body or eliminated via the gall bladder.