Lipid Disorders Flashcards
Lipid
Fatty acid compounds that are insoluble in water, but soluble in organic compounds (oils, waxes, sterols)
“Back up fuel”
How are lipids used?
PANCREAS: to release enzymes to break down fats, carbs, proteins
LIVER: produces bile, helps digest, metabolizes fats and vitamins
3 types of lipids
Triglycerides
Phospholipids
Steroids
Triglycerides
Make up 90% of lipids
Fuels the body when needed
LDL and HDL
Phospholipids
2% of lipids
Essential to building plasma membrane
Protect and insulate the cell located in the cell membrane
Steroids (cholesterol)
Sterol nucleus (ring structure)
Natural and vital part of plasma membrane
Produced in the body mostly
Hyperlipidemia
High levels of lipids in the blood
Hypercholesterolemia
High levels of cholesterol
Dyslipidemia
Abnormal levels of lipoproteins
Cholesterol
Building block for many essential bio chemicals
75% from body, 25% from diet
300mg/day
High cholesterol
Twice the risk of heart disease compared to those with optimal cholesterol levels
45-54 WOMEN
55-64 MEN
Normal optimal levels
Total <200
LDL <100
HDL >60
LDL
Bad
Saturated triglyceride
Builds plasma membrane and synthesizes steriods
Transports from liver to tissue and organs
HDL
Good
Unsaturated triglyceride
Transfers cholesterol away from body and to liver to be destroyed
Made is the liver and small intestine
VLDL
Transports triglyceride for storage in tissue
