Linux file system Flashcards
What the significance of a file system to an Linux?
A file system enables you to create and manage information, run programs and save information to use later.
What is a file?
It is a basic component of data storage
What is a file system?
It is a way of organizing files on storage devices such as hard disks
What is physical file system?
It is a section of a hard disk that has been formatted to hold files
List two types of file systems
- Network file system
2. Disk file system
Give examples of mentioned file systems
Network file systems
NFS - developed by sun
SMB/CIFS - developed by Microsoft
Disk file systems
NTFS
ext2 , 3, 4
What type of information does the following disk physical structure contain?
- Boot block
- Super block
- inode list
- Block list
What is Journaling System?
It is a system in which metadata is written to a journal on the disk before it is actually used to modify the file.
/root
Super user home directory
/home
Where all the home directories for all other users on the system resides. Every user has have their own home dir
/bin
Contains essential tools and apps(binaries) eg login, shells, editors.
/sbin
Contains essential admin tools or system bins eg shutdown, lilo, init
/etc
Contains miscellaneous system config files, startup files eg passwd, shadow, fstab, lilo.config
/dev
Contains files representing the systems hardware devices eg dev/hda1
/temp
Contains mostly files that are required temporarily/dumping ground eg /temp
/var
same as /temp but more structured eg /var/log
/usr
Contains directories with files related to user and applications. Min version of /root dir
/proc
Contains files that give out info about the current system processes. Occupies no space on disk
/mnt
Generic mount point under which you mount your FS. Temporary mount point is used to mount a removable storage medium ie flash storage /mnt/cdrom
/boot
Contains an image to boot the system and files needed by the bootstrap loader
/lib
Contains binaries, or executables, which are the programs needed to start the system and perform other essential system tasks
/opt
Reserved for all software and add-on packages that are not part of default installation
/lost+found
Is a construct used by fsck when there is damage to the file system. Files that would otherwise be lost because directory corruption would be linked in that file system’s lost+found dir by inode number
