Linux Commands Flashcards
cd
change directory (without specifications changes to home automatically)
hostname
displays system name
TAB key
autocomplete as much of filename as system can
- if name has been completed, there will be a space after name
- press TAB again to display a list of possible completions
TAB key + RETURN key
execute command (that was autocompleted)
ls-l
determine file type
- hyphen infront of file listed = regular file
- b or C indicates a device file
- d indicates a directory file
ls commands can be combined!
ls -ld
detailed listing command, get info on just directory files
ls -a
show all files including hidden files
ls -A
show Almost all files, not include . and .. files
ls -F
displays / after directory, * after executable file
pwd
print working directory
cd directorypath
change to a directory
mkdir directorypath
create a subdirectory with a directory
mkdir -p
create parent directories and directories
rmdir directorypath
removes empty directories
mv sourcepath destinationpath
move file to a new location OR rename file OR moves directories
mv -i
asks for confirmation if file already exists before moving
lpr
put one or more file in que for printing
lpr -P [insert printer name] [insert filename]
place file in que for specific printer
lpstat -p
display list of available printers
lpstat -o
view which jobs are in printer
lprm
remove job from printer
cp sourcepath destinationpath
copy file from one location to another, or backup important files
cp -i
asks for confirmation if file already exists before copying
cp -r
allows for copying of directories and their contents
grep ‘searchingfor’ filename
search for ‘string’ in filename
grep -w
search for only whole words
head
displays beginning (first 10 lines) of file
head -#
displays desired number of lines from beginning of file
tail
displays the end (last 10 lines) of file
tail -f filename
monitor lines as added to file
CONTROL + C to stop shell and display prompt
sort
displays files in order (automatically alphabetical)
sort -u
displays unique lines, no duplicates
sort -n
lists of numbers in numerical order
uniq
removes duplicate lines from a file
diff
compare two files and display a list of the differences between them
diff -u
displays two lines indicating which of the files are being compared with a plus sign (+) and a minus sign (-)
rm filepath
remove regular file
rm -r filepath
recursively remove directory and contents (this includes all subdirectories)
rm -i
include confirm deletion of subdirectories and contents
cat filepath
join files, shows contents of multiple files on screen
more filepath
display contents of large regular files one screen at a time
less filepath
same as more, just contains more navigation features
touch path
update date and time of existing files OR create empty files
find XXXX
find file
find / -name bob
find filename containing “bob”
find / -user alice
find filename with user “alice”
find / name XXX -empty -delete
find, empty and delete file with name XXX
find / -mmin
find files made within 5 minutes
find / -size + 100M
find files over 100 MB
man [options] command
access online manual related to “command”
man -k command
provide short explanation relating to commands matching string. Used if user doesn’t know name of command
chmod ### filename
change permissions
umask ### filename
change permissions
rm -rf
remove files and directories recursively by force, even if they are protected from deletion
chmod g+rw filename
add permissions
chmod g-rw filename
remove permissions
chmod g=rw filename
set permissions
chmod u=rwx,g+x,o= .
combined
sort -f
???
grep -i
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