Linguistics Flashcards
Semantics
Semantics refers to the meaning and interpretation of words. Idioms such as “it’s raining cats and dogs,” having interpretations that are different from the literal meanings of the individual words used in the expressions.
Transference
Transference is the application of linguistic features and skills from a home language to a new language. Cognates are words in one language that share common origin and a common root with words in another language. 
Schema
 Schema refers to the prior knowledge that students possess about a given topic. Activating students schema happens by a listening from students what they already know regarding a specific topic. 
Performance Based Learning
A performance based learning experience emphasizes students’ ability to do or perform specific skills following instruction on those skills 
Metacognitive Strategies
Learners use metacognitive strategies to increase awareness of the learning and thinking process the ESL teacher demonstrates how to self monitor and repair comprehension independently by modeling how to question ones reasoning.
Purpose of New York State Identification Test for ELLs (NYSITELL)
To determine the English language proficiency level of new students who speak a home language other than English
Former English Language Learners
Have access to test accommodations for up to 2 years.
Every Student Succeeds Act (WSSA)
During first year, test scores are not counted for school’s rating
Segmenting
Dividing a one syllable word into its individual sounds 
Blending
Combining the individual sounds so that they form a word
Phonemic awareness
The ability to recognize and manipulate the individual sounds in spoken words
Onset and Rime
Separating the initial consonant or consonant cluster from the vowel and consonant sounds that come after it.
Language Proficiency Team
A language proficiency team must be established with a goal to provide the school principal with the initial recommendation regarding whether a student with the disability should take the statewide identification test for ELL’s 
Equal educational opportunities act
This is a federal law that prohibit states from discriminating against students based on their gender, race, color or nationality. This act primarily promotes the education of English language learners by ordering public schools to remove language barriers that would prevent their equitable access to all school programs. 
Commanding Level
Students at the commanding level have attained the highest level of English language proficiency they can meet the linguistic demands associated with grade level task and a variety of academic context 
