Limitations A320 Flashcards
FLIGHT ENVELOPE
Clean Configuration: -1g to +2.5g
Other: 0g to 2g
Environment limits
Rwy slope (mean)
+- 2%
Rwy altitude
9200 ft
Nominal runway width
45m
Maximum demonstrated xwind (takeoff and landing)
38 knots (gust included)
Maximum tailwind for Takeoff
10 knots
Maximum tailwind for Landing
10 knots
For landing with a tailwind greater than 10 knots
use FLAPS FULL only
Maximum tailwind for Automatic Landing and Rollout
10 knots
Maximum wind for passenger door operation
65 ktM
Maximum wind for FWD and AFT cargo door operation
40 kt (or 50, if the aircraft nose is into the wind, or if the FWD and AFT cargo doors are on the leeward side
FWD and CARGO doors must be closed before the wind speed exceeds 65 kt
WEIGHT LIMITATIONS
Max Taxi weight
73900 kg
Max Take Off Weight
73500 kg
Max Zero Fuel Weight
61000 kg
Min Weight
37230 kg
SPEED LIMITS
MMO
0.82
VMO
350 kt
MINIMUM CONTROL SPEEDS
VMCL
108 Knots for BLY and BLZ
113 Knots for others
VMCA
110 knots IAS at Sea Level, decreasing with increase in altitude
VMCG
111 knots IAS at Sea Level with CONF 1+F, decreasing with increase in altitude and flap setting
MAXIMUM FLAPS / SLATS SETTINGS
Lever Position 1
SLATS FLAPS Ind. on ECAM MAX SPD FLIGHT PHASE
18 0 1 230 HOLDING
Lever Position 1
SLATS FLAPS Ind. on ECAM MAX SPD FLIGHT PHASE
18 10 1 + F 215 TAKEOFF
Lever Position 2
SLATS FLAPS Ind. on ECAM MAX SPD FLIGHT PHASE
22 15 2 200 TAKEOFF/APPROACH
Lever Position 3
SLATS FLAPS Ind. on ECAM MAX SPD FLIGHT PHASE
22 20 3 185 TO/APCH/LDG
Lever Position 4
SLATS FLAPS Ind. on ECAM MAX SPD FLIGHT PHASE
27 35 FULL 177 LANDING
GEAR DOWN SPEEDS
VLE
280/ 0.67
VLO EXTENSION
250/ 0.60
VLO RETRACTION
220/ 0.54
TYRE SPEED
Maximum Ground Speed - 195 knots
Wipers in Use
Max Speed - 230 Knots (applicable when the wipers are sweeping)
COCKPIT WINDOW OPEN
Max Speed - 200 Knots
AIR BLEED/COND/PRESS/VENT
With PAX on board, not recommended to exceed 20 min without air conditioning supply
APU with HP GROUND UNIT
DO NOT USE HP ground unit when APU supplies bleed air to avoid bleed system damage
AIR-CONDITIONING WITH LP GROUND UNIT
Do not use conditioned air simultaneously from pachs and LP ground unit
AVIONICS VENTILATION
During ground operations, limit the aircraft electric power supply with avionics ventilation system in normal configuration as follows:
OAT: 49ºC No limitation
CABIN PRESSURE
Maximum positive differential pressure
9.0 PSI
Maximum negative differential pressure
- 1 PSI
Safety relief valve setting
8.6 PSI
RAM AIR INLET
Open if Differential Pressure < 1 psi
AUTOFLIGHT
AUTOPILOT FUNCTION: minimum values for use of autopilot
Takeoff with SRS mode
100 feet AGL and at least 5 seconds after liftoff
ILS CAT I
160 feet AGL
ILS CAT II or CAT III
0 ft AGL
In approach with FINAL APP, V/S or FPA mode
250 feet AGL
PAR approach (Precision Approach Radar)
250 feet AGL
Circling Approach
500 feet AGL for CAT C and 600 feet AGL for CAT D
After Manual Go-Around
100 feet AGL
All other phases
500 ft AGL (The AP or FD in OP DES or DES mode can be used in approach)
How can you use it?
Only if the FCU selected altitude is set to, or above, the higher of the two: MDA/MDH or 500 ft AGL
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT FUNCTION
GENERAL
RNP accuracy with GPS PRIMARY is
AP ON(in NAV (all phases), In F-LOC (approach phase):
Enroute
In Terminal Area
In Approach
1 NM
0.5 NM
0.3NM
With AP OFF and FD ON (in NAV (all phases), In F-LOC (approach phase)
Enroute
In Terminal Area
In Approach
1NM
0.51 NM
0.3 NM
With AP OFF and FD OFF
Enroute
In Terminal Area
In Approach
1.1 NM
0.51 NM
0.3 NM with F-LOC deviation
Not authorized without F-LOC deviation
DEGRADED SITUATION
IF GPS PRIMARY LOST
navigation accuracy remains sufficient for RNP operations provided that, the RNP value is checked or entered on the MCDU and HIGH ACCURACY is displayed
PREREQUISITES FOR USE OF NAV MODE AT TAKEOFF
GPS Primary available
FMGS Takeoff Updating Checked
PREREQUISITES FOR USE OF NAV MODE IN TERMINAL AREA
GPS PRIMARY available
HIGH Accuracy displayed, appropriate RNP is checked or entered on the MCDU
FMS navigation is cross-checked with NAVAID RAW DATA
APPROACH BASED ON RADIO NAVAIDS
NAVAIDS approach performed in NAV, APP NAV or FINAL APP, with AP or FD engages
GPS PRIMARY available: NAVAID unserviceable or airborne equipment inoperative - Approval required
GPS PRIMARY not available - NAVAID and airborned equipment serviceable - Monitor Raw Data during approach
RNAV APPROACH
1AN RNAV(RNP) APPROACH
GPS PRIMARY available - RNAV (GNSS) approach may be performed
GPS PRIMARY not available - RNAV (GNSS) approach may be performed if: no Radio NAVAID coverage supports RNP value
HIGH accuracy is displayed
Approval obtained
2 APPROACH BASED ON RADIO NAVAIDS
2a VOR/DME flown with FLS
F-APP displayed on FMA - Navaids & airborn equipment may be inoperative subject to approval
F-APP + RAW Capability Displayed on FMA - Navaids & airborn equipment must be operative tuned and monitored
2b ILS (G/S Out) or LOC APP flown with LOC and F-GS mode of FLS
F-APP displayed on FMA - Ref navaids for vertical path validation must be tuned and checked at FDP
F-APP + RAW Capability Displayed on FMA - Ref navaids for vertical path validation must be tuned and checked at FDP & monitored during approach
3RNAV(GNSS) APPROACH
With LNAV Minimum & F-APP capability Displayed on FMA - MAY be flown with FLS
With LNAV/VNAV Minimum & F-APP capability Displayed on FMA - MUST be flown with FLS
NON-PRECISION APPROACHES WITH ENGINE-OUT
For AP-BLY and BLZ
if one engine is inoperative, it is not permitted to use the autopilot to perform NPAs in
FINAL APP mode
NAV V/S
NAV FPA
Only FD use is permitted
ILS CAT II
Min Decision height
100 ft AGL
of AP engaged in…
At least one engaged in APPR mode
what must be displayed on the FMA
CAT 2, CAT 3 SINGLE OR CART 3 DUAL
For manual landing:
AP must be disengaged not later than 80 ft AGL
ILS CAT III SINGLE (FAIL PASSIVE)
Min decision height
50 ft AGL
What must be used in selected or managed speed
A/THR
How many AP and in what mode?
At least 1 in APPR mode
what must be displayed on the FMA?
CAT 3 SINGLE or CAT 3 DUAL
ILS CAT III DUAL (FAIL OPERATIONAL)
What must be used in selected or managed speed
A/THR
How many AP? in what mode?
2 in mode APPPR
what must be displayed on the FMA?
CAT 3 DUAL
Alert Height?
100 ft
CAT III with DH minimum decision height?
20 ft
CAT III without DH Minimum RVR?
75 m
ENGINE OUT CAT II AND CAT III SINGLE APPROACH
In what cases is it only approved?
Configuration FULL
Engine-out procedures completed before reaching 1000 ft
MAXIMUM WIND CONDITIONS FOR CAT II / III AUTOMATIC APPROACH, LANDING AND ROLLOUT
30 knots Head Wind
20 knots xwind
10 knots Tail Wind
AUTOMATIC LANDING CONFIGURATION
For what is approved in CONF 3 and CONF FULL?
ILS/MLS CAT II and CAT III
GLS CAT I
AUTOMATIC LANDING DEMONSTRATION
How is it demonstrated?
With CAT II/III ILS/MLS beam and CAT I GLS Beam
With slope angle within -2.5º and -3.15º
AUTOMATIC LANDING WITH AUTOMATIC ROLLOUT
Automatic landing is not allowed below…
( - 1000) ft pressure altitude
Where has automatic rollout performance been approved?
On dry and wet runways
What can the flight crew use during automatic rollout with one engine inop or one thrust reverser inop?
Remaining thrust reverser, provided that the wind does not exceed the maximum wind conditions for automatic rollout
AUTOLAND IN ILS CAT I
Automatic landing in CAT I or better weather conditions is possible on?
CAT I ground installations
CAT II/III ground installations when ILS/MLS sensitive areas are not protected
What precautions are required?
Airline must check the ILS/MLS beam quality and the effect of the terrain profile (especially 300 m) before the rwy threshold. It should have no adverse effect on AP/FD guidance
Acft weight should be below the maximum landing weight
FMA should show CAT2 capability at least and crew should use CAT II/III procedures
Crew awareness that LOC or G/S beam fluctuations may occur
Be prepared to disconnect the autopilot in case of unsatisfactory guidance
Visual references are obtained at an altitude appropriate for the CAT I approach, if not then go-around
APU
Oil quuantity
APU may be opperated with LOW OIL LEVEL ECAM advisory
Maintenance action is required within next 10 h of APU operation
APU START
After 3 consecutive start attempts
Wait 60 min before a new start attempt
APU Rotor Speed
Maximum N: 107%
APU automatically shuts down at 107% N speed, that appears on the ECAM
This corresponds to an actual N speed of 105% for AP-BLB, BLC, BLD, or 106% for others
APU EGT:
Max EGT for APU start:
Below 25000ft?
Above 25000 ft?
900 ºC
982 ºC
Maximum EGT for APU running
Within 5 seconds confirmation for shutdown?
For inmediate shutdown?
682 ºC
From 700-742ºC
APU START/SHUTDOWN DURING REFUELING/DEFUELING
Permitted with the following restrictions:
APU failed to start?
APU automatic shutdown
Fuel spill occurs
Do not start again
Do not start again
Perform a normal APU shutdown
APU BLEED
Max altitude to assist engine start?
Dual Pack Operation?
Is APU Bleed Air used for wing anti-ice?
20000ft
25000 ft
Not permitted
ENGINES
THRUST/EGT LIMITS
Takeoff (TOGA, FLEX, DERATES) or GO-AROUND
EGT?
Time Limit?
One Engine Inoperative?
950ºC
All Engine Operative: 5 mins
One Engine Inoperative 10 mins
MCT
EGT?
Time?
915ºC
Unlimited
Starting EFT?
725ºC
SHAFT SPEEDS
N1 MAX?
N2 MAX?
104% ambient conditions / bleed config may limit N1 to a lower value
105%
OIL
Max continuous temperature?
Max transient temeperature (15 mins)?
Minimum starting temperature?
Minimum temperature for takeoff?
Minimum oil quantity?
140ºC
155ºC
-40ºC
-10ºC
>9.5qt Estimated Consumption *average consumption is 0.5 qt/h
STARTER
What’s one cycle?
How many seconds between succesive cycles?
What do we do after 4 failed cycles?
When musn’t you start the starter?
Auto start with up to 3 start attempts
20 seconds pause (for auto or manual ground starts)
15 min cooling period
When N2 is above 20%(no running engagement of starter)
REVERSE THRUST
Can you use it in flight?
Can you backup the acft with reverse thrust?
What the minimum speed under which you can not use reverse thrust?
No
No
70 knots
REDUCE THRUST TAKEOFF
Flex temperature:
Upper limit?
Lower limit?
ISA +53ºC (25% thrust reduction)
TREF & OAT
DERATED TAKEOFF
Max operating altitud with flaps and/or slats extended?
What may happen is rapid and large alternating control inputs, especially in combination with large changes in pitch, roll or yaw?
20000ft
Structural failures at any speed
FUEL
JET A1 Temperatures:
Max?
Min?
54ºC
-43ºC
What’s the approximate quantity for:
Outer Tank
Inner Tank
700 Kgs
5500 Kgs
Minimum quantity for Takeoff?
What musn’t be displayed on ECAM for takeoff?
1500 kg
WING TK LO LVL
FUEL MIXABILITY
Can different types of fuel be mixed?
What happens to the freezing point of a fuel?
Yes, in all proportions
It varies, based on non-linear laws
ICE AND RAIN PROTECTION
ICING CONDITIONS
OAT/TAT <-10ºc
Visible moisture - Fog (vis <1600m) Clouds, Rain, Snow, Sleet, Ice Crystals
Ramp, Taxiways and Rwys with - Standing water, snow, slush
SEVERE ICING
when does it happen_
When ice accumulation on airframe reaches approximately 5 mm or more
TAKEOFF LIMITATIONS ON CONTAMINATED RUNWAYS
When is takeoff not recommended?
Wet ice
Water on top of compacted snow
Dry snow or Wet snow over Ice
