Limitations Flashcards
Structural Weights
Ramp TO Landing ZFW Min Flight Min Op Empty
Taxi/Ramp ..... 48,300 T/O ..... 48,200 Landing ..... 38,000 ZFW ..... 32,000 Min Flight ..... 26,000 Min Op Empty ..... 22,150
Max Airport Pressure Altitude For T/O and Landing
14,000 Ft
Max Operating Altitude
41,000 Ft
Max OAT for T/O & Landing
ISA +35 C
Minimum OAT for T/O
-40 C
Max Runway Slope
+/- 2%
Max Tailwind
10 Kts
Max Crosswind To Use Reverse Thrust
24 Kts
Flaps Up Load Factor Range
-1.0G To +2.5G
Flaps Down Load Factor Range
0.0G To +2.0G
Max Glide Path Angle Below 1500’
4.49 Degrees
Max Gear Extension And/Or Retraction Speed (IAS / Mach)
197 KIAS / M .60
Max IAS Flown With Gear Extended & Locked
250 KIAS / M .70
Max Altitude For Alternative Gear Extension
20,000 Ft Pressure Altitude
Tire Speed Limit
182 Knots
Max Turbulence Penetration Speed (KIAS / Mach)
280 KIAS / Mach .75
Max RVSM Cruise Speed
Mach .83
Max Altitude For En Route Use Of Flaps Or Flaps Extended
15,500 Pressure Altitude
Aircraft Dimensions
Length
Wingspan
Tail Height
Length ….. 68 Feet 5 Inches
Wingspan ….. 64 Feet 4 Inches
Tail Height …. 20 Feet 4 Inches
Minimum Taxi Strip For 180 Degree Turn
61 Feet (w/ 3 Ft Safety Margin)
Safety Zone Around APU Exhaust
15 Feet
When Is A Tactile Check For Ice/Frost Required? (3)
ONE OF THE FOLLOWING EXIST
Outside Air Temperature Is < Or = 5C
Wing Fuel Temperature Is < Or = 0C
Atmospheric Conditions Have Been Conducive To Frost Formation
What Surfaces Are To Be Checked If A Tactile Check For Ice/Frost Is Required?
Wing Leading Edge
Wing Forward Upper Surface
Wing Rear Upper Surface
Takeoff Is Prohibited With Frost, Ice, Snow Or Slush Adhering To What CRITICAL SURFACES?
Wings Horizontal Stabilizer Vertical Stabilizer Control Surfaces Engine Inlets Upper Surface Of The Fuselage
Cowl Anti-Ice Ground Operations (ON)
OAT Is 10C Or Less And:
- Visible Moisture In ANY Form Is Present (Including Fog With Visibility Less Than 1 Mile)
- Ground Surface Are Contaminated With Snow, Ice, Standing Water or Slush
Wing Anti-Ice Ground Operations (ON)
OAT Is 5C Or Less And:
- Visible Moisture In Any Form (Clouds, Fog Or Mist) Is Present Below 400 Ft. AGL, OR
- Runway Is Wet Or Contaminated, OR
- In the Presence Of ANY Precipitation (Rain, Snow, Sleet or Ice Crystals)
- Final Taxi Prior To Takeoff If, Unless Type II, III or IV Anti-Icing Fluids Have Been Applied (Single-Engine Taxi Operations Are Prohibited In These Conditions)
- L/R WING A/ICE Caution Message May Be Posted Or L(R) HEAT Lights May Go Out During Taxi, But Caution Messages Must Be Verified Off and WING A/ICE ON or WING/COWL A/ICE ON Advisory Message and L(R) HEAT Lights Must Be Verified ON Prior To Take-Off. If Wing Anti-Ice Is Not Required For Take-Off, It Should Be Selected OFF Just Prior To Takeoff.
- To Prevent Wing contamination From Revers Jet Blast, Operating Thrust Reversers During Taxi Operations On Wet & Contaminated Surfaces Should Be Avoided
- Confirmed ON For Take-Off When Ground Icing Conditions Exist
- If Wing Is Selected ON For Take-Off, The Cowl Anti-Ice Must Also Be Selected ON
Rotation Rate & Pitch Attitude On Take-Off
Smoothly Toward The Target Pitch Attitude, Then Transition To Speed Control
Not To Exceed Rotations Rates Exceeding 3 Degrees Per Second
Pitch Trim Limitation
Pitch Trim Must Be Set According to The Airplane Computed Center Of Gravity
In Flight Icing Conditions & Anti-Ice Fight Operations
TAT 10C Or Less And Visible Moisture In Any Form Is Present, Except When SAT Is -40C Or less
Wing & Cowl Anti-Ice Systems
* Must Be ON When Ice Accretion Indicated By ice Detection System
- Must Be On Below 22,000 FT In Icing Conditions
- Must Be On At Or Above 22,000 FT When In Icing Conditions And Ice Detector Has Failed
Super-Cooled Large Droplet Icing Limitations
Continued Operation Is PROHIBITED In Areas Where Super-Cooled Large Droplet (SLD) Icing Conditions Exist (SLD Icing Conditions Are Indicated By Ice Accretion On The Flight Compartment Side Windows)
Wing And Cowl Anti-Icing Systems Must Be ON In SLD Icing Conditions
Leave Icing Conditions When Side Window Icing Occurs
Engine Limitation Regarding Bleed High Altitude
Above 40,000
One Air-Conditioning Unit OR Cowl Anti-Icing Must Be Selected ON For Each Engine
When Is Aircraft Considered Cold Soaked
Temperature Below -30C For More Than 8 Hours
Before First Flight Of Day On Cold Soaked Aircraft
Motor Engines 60 Seconds; Check Fan Rotation BEFORE Engine Starting Is Initiated
Actuate Thrust Reversers Until Deploy & Stow Cycles Are Less Than 5 Seconds
Oil Temperature Limitations
Minimum Starting: -40C
Maximum Continuous: 155C
Maximum Permissible: 163C (15 Minutes Maximum)
Oil Pressure Limitations
Minimum Idle: 25 psi Minimum Take-Off: 45 psi Maximum Continuous: 115 psi Maximum Transient After Cold Start: 130 psi (10 Minutes Maximum; Engine must remain at idle until pressure returns to normal range)
Oil Consumption Limitations
Maximum 6.4 oz/hr
.05 US Gallon/hr
Oil Replenishment Limitations
Engine Oil Level Must Be Checked Within 15 Minutes to 2 Hours After Shutdown
(Engines Must Be Motored If Period Exceeded)
Maximum Refill Is 2 Qt Without Dry Motoring Engine
Continuous Ignition MUST Be On For What Conditions?
Take-Off and Landing On Contaminated Runway
Take-Off With High Crosswind Components
Flight In Moderate Or Greater Rain And/Or Turbulence
Flight In Vicinity Of Thunderstorms
Automatic Performance Reserve (APR) Limitations
APR Must Be Operative Prior To Each Take-Off If Take-Off Planning Based On APR Availablility
APR Must Be Selected OFF If APR INOP Caution Message Shown & APR “Off” Performance Must Be Used
Maximum N2 For Starter Use Or Engagement
55% N2
Starter Cycle & Cooling Time Limitations
3 Consecutive Starts With 5 Minutes Cooling Between ADDITIONAL Cycles
Starter NOT To Be Used If N2 Above 55%
(BUT Dry Motoring Limits Must Be Observed)
Maximum ITT For Ground Starts (Thrust Levers To IDL From SHUT OFF)
120C
Maximum ITT For Airborne Starts (Thrust Levers To IDL From SHUT OFF)
90C
Dry Motoring Engine Limitations
Dry Motoring (Ignition OFF & Thrust Levers At SHUT OFF
Permitted For Ground AND Air Starts
First Cycle, MAX 90 Seconds Then 5 Minutes OFF
Subsequent Cycles, MAX 30 Seconds Then 5 Minutes OFF
When Can Thrust Reversers Be Used?
On Ground ONLY
Can You Perform A Go Around After Thrust Reversers Deployed?
Thrust Reversers Are Intended For FULL STOP Landings Only
Do NOT Attempt A Go Around After Thrust Reversers Are Deployed
Can You Back Up Aircraft Using Thrust Reversers?
Backing The Aircraft With Thrust Reverser Use is PROHIBITED
Can You Take-Off With Thrust Reverser Icon Or Caution Alert Massages On EICAS?
Take-Off With ANY TR Icon or Caution Alert Message Shown On The EICAS Is PROHIBITED
What is the N1 limitation for Thrust Reverser use on landing?
Reverse Thrust Is Limited To 60% N1 When Below 60 KIAS
Maximum Demonstrated Crosswind Component With Thrust Reverser Use?
24 Kts
Demonstrated On A Dry Runway AND Is Considered To Be Limiting
Maximum Fuel Imbalance (Taxi, Take-Off, Landing)
400 LB
Maximum Fuel Imbalance (In Flight)
800 LB
Maximum Fuel Imbalance (During Refueling)
2500 LB
Maximum Fuel Quantity (Pressure Fueling/Based On 6.57 Lb/US Gallon)
Each Main Tank…..4860 LB
Aux Tank…..7168 LB
Tail Tank…..3112 LB
TOTAL…..20,000 LB
Maximum Fuel Quantity (Gravity Fueling)
Reduced Maximum Fuel Quantity By 7%…..15,700 LB
BUT
To Avoid AUX HEAVY Message, Max Fuel Quantity…..12,500 LB
What Is Limitation For Fuel In Aux Tank
Take-Off With Up To 500 LB In Aux Tank Permitted If At Least 1500 LB In EACH Wing And NO FUEL in Tail Tank
For Take-Off Weights Up To 42,400 LB With MORE Than 500 LB In The Aux Tank, Each Wing Tank Must Have At Least 1500 LB
For Take-Off Weights ABOVE 42,400 LB With MORE Than 500 LB In Aux Tank Consult The AFM Limitations Section
Minimum Fuel Quantity For A Go Around
500 LB In EACH Wing Tank
Maximum Nose Up Attitude 10 Degrees
What is normal ratio of fuel in Aux Tank to fuel in Tail Tank?
Fuel Distribution For Take-Off Requires The Aux Tank Be Full OR AT LEAST 2.65 times the Tail Tank Quantity
(OR PER PROVISIONAL FUEL CHART)
What is the engine fuel temperature limitation for take-off?
Take-Off With ENGINE Fuel Temperature LESS THAN 5C Is PROHIBITED
Temperature Reading Taken By Probe Located At The Top Of The Each Engine Fuel Filter Housing
Readout Turns Amber Below 5C & FUEL LO TEMP EICAS Message Displayed
What is the bulk fuel temperature limitation for take-off and flight?
Bulk Fuel Must Be At Least 10C Above the Fuel Freezing Point (FFP) On Take-Off AND Remain Above The FFP In Flight
Temperature Reading Is Taken From Left Main Tank (Because Right May Be Heated By APU Return Fuel)
Amber Readout AT OR BELOW -37C & BULK FUEL TEMP EICAS Message Displayed
DEPENDS ON THE TYPE OF FUEL
Jet A Freezing Point Is -40C
Jet A-1 Freezing Point Is -47C
Are Mixing Of Fuel Grades Permitted & what are some common approved fuels?
Approved Fuels Include:
JetA, Jet A1, Jet B
JP-4, JP-5, JP-8
(Consult AFM For Others)
Mixing Of Fuel Grades IS PERMITTED
What are limitations on fuel transfer valves for take-off?
ALL Fuel Transfer Valves Must Be CLOSED For Take-Off
Can tail tank transfer system be used to control center of gravity?
In NORMAL operations, the tail tank transfer system must NOT be used for center of gravity control and must remain in automatic mode
What is the limitation on ratio of Aux Tank and Tail Tank during manual fuel transfer mode operations?
If Tail Tank Quantity Is EQUAL TO OR GREATER THAN 1200 LB
* Aux Tank Quantity Must Be 2.75 Times The Aft Tank Quantity
If Tail Tank Quantity Is LESS THAN 1200 LB
* Aux Tank Quantity Must Be 2.20 Times The Aft Tank Quantity
What is the limitation on manual Tail Tank transfer with regard to fuel quantity in the Aux Tank?
Manual Tail Tank Transfer NOT PERMITTED with GREATER THAN 7000 LB in Aux Tank
Who has responsibility to monitor Aux Tank quantity during manual Tail Tank fuel transfer?
THE PILOT
Auxiliary Tank MUST Be Continuously Monitored For Overfill During Manual Tail Tank Fuel Transfer
What are the limitations for fuel dumping?
Limited To FLAPS 0
PROHIBITED In Vicinity Of Known Lightning Conditions
What model Auxiliary Power Unit is installed?
Honeywell 36-150 (CL)
What is the minimum temperature for starting cold-soaked APU on the ground?
-40C
What are the APU starting attempt limitations on battery power?
Limited To THREE (3) Cranking Attempts Of 30 Seconds Each, Followed By 20 Minutes Off
Followed By TWO (2) MORE Cranking Attempts Of 30 Seconds Each
If No Start, wait at least 35 minutes
What are the APU starting attempt limitations on ground power?
Limited to TWO (2) Cranking Attempts of 15 Seconds Each, Followed By 20 Minutes Off
Followed By TWO (2) MORE Cranking Attempts of 15 Seconds Each
If No Start, wait at least 35 minutes
When do you know you have an APU hung start?
If Not More Than 30% RPM Within 60 Seconds
What is the pressure altitude limitation for starting the APU?
Ground Starting permitted up to 15,000 FT
What is the inflight APU starting/operation altitude limit?
20,000 FT
What is the bleed-air extraction altitude limit for the APU?
15,000 FT
If Both Engines Are To Be Started From The APU, what limitation is there for the running engine during the start of the second engine?
Running Engine Limited To 70% N2
During single engine operations, can the APU be used to start the failed engine?
If Single Engine, Inflight Engine Starting Via APU Bleed Air Is PROHIBITED
If dual engine out, can the APU bleed air be used to start the first engine?
If double flameout, APU Bleed Air Is Authorized For Engine Starting
Engine starts via APU bleed air have been demonstrated up to 15,000 FT
Maximum Flap Extension Speeds
Flaps 20…..231 KIAS
Flaps 30…..197 KIAS
Flaps 45…..189 KIAS
Can You Side Slip The Aircraft?
AVOID unnecessary and large side-slips during low-speed, high-altitude cruise
Avoid rapid and large alternating control inputs, ESPECIALLY in combination with large changes in pitch, roll, or yaw (large side-slip angles)
MAY CAUSE STRUCTURAL FAILURE AT ANY SPEED
Maximum Relief Differential Pressure (Cabin Pressurization)
9.2 psi
Maximum Negative Differential Pressure (Cabin Pressurization)
-0.5 psi
Maximum Differential Pressure (Cabin Pressuization) During Taxi, Take-Off and Landing
0.2 psi
Before Opening Any Aircraft Door, You Must Ensure
Airplane Is COMPLETELY Depressurized
Minimum Auto Pilot Engagement After Take-Off
320 FT AGL
Minimum Auto Pilot Use For Visual And Non Precision Approaches
320 FT AGL
Minimum Auto Pilot Use For Precision Approaches/ILS (What Is Glide Path Limit For The Approach)
80 FT AGL (G/P Less Than 3.5 Degrees)
160 FT AGL (G/P Between 3.6 And 4.49 Degrees)
What Must The Autopilot Be Coupled To For RVSM Requirements?
The ADC Source Coupled To The Active Autopilot Must Be The Same As That Coupled To The ATC Transponder During Flight In RVSM Airspace
What limitation is on the Bleed Air System during take-off and landing?
10th Stage Bleed Valves Must Be CLOSED During Take-Off And Landing If The Engine Cowl And/Or The Wing Anti-Ice Systems Are On
Maximum APU Generator Load
30 KVA
When can the APU Generator be used as a power source in flight?
APU Generator Use NOT Permitted In Flight UNLESS BOTH IDGS Are Offline
Maximum IDG Generator Load
Below 35,000 Ft…30KVA
Above 35,000 Ft…..25KVA
Maximum TRU Load
100 Amp
Minimum Altitude Flight Spoilers Extended
300 AGL
Minimum Speed Flight Spoilers Extended
Vref + 10 KIAS
When Are Stick Shaker And Pusher Switch To Be ON
ALL Phases Of Flight
Stall Protection Test Limitation
ONLY USED FOR SYSTEM TESTING, NOT INFLIGHT
Taxi Light Illuminated Limitation
MUST Be Selected OFF When Airplane Is Stationary For 10 Minutes Or Longer
Limitation If Wheel Fusible Plug Releases
Wheels, Brakes, Tires And The Anti-skid Speed Sensors Must Be inspected BEFORE The Next Take Off
Brake Cooling Times From Performance Section MUST Be Observed Between A Landing, OR A Low-Energy Rejected Take-Off, And A Subsequent Take-Off
TCAS Limitations (Deviations, Maneuvers, Modes)
Pilots ARE Authorized To Deviate From ATC Clearance In Order To Comply With TCAS RA Commands
Pilot Shall Inform ATC Of Deviation Following The Response
Evasive Maneuvers MUST NOT Be Made Solely On Information Presented On The Traffic Display
Transponder Has Been Demonstrate ONLY For The Purposes Of Surveillance Modes A, C and TCAS Functions
Missing Airframe An/Or Nacelle Parts
Operations Must Be In Accordance With The AFM As Amended By The CDL (Configuration Deviation List)
Electrical/Avionics Equipment Temperature Limitation
During Ground Operations At Ambient Temperatures ABOVE 40C
Operation Of Electrical/Avionics Equipment Must Be Limited To 30 Minutes UNLESS:
- At Least One Air-Conditioning Pack Is Operating AND
- The Passenger Door Is CLOSED
FMS Database Information
MUST BE VERIFIED AS BEING CURRENT
Can pilot-defined FMS approaches in IMC be used?
NO…This is PROHIBITED
FMS Must Be Operated In Accordance With The Latest Edition Of What?
Airplane Flight Manual
Flight Management System FMS 6000 Pilot’s Guide
Operations Can Not Be Predicated On The Following FMS Performance Data
ETE/ETA
Fuel Remaining
These Are Advisory Only
What Is The Limitation On FMS Flight Plans When Conducting DUAL FMS Approach Operations
FMS Flight Plans MUST Be Identical
Use Of FMS Instrument Approaches Past The FAF Is Prohibited Unless
APPR Is Annunciated On The PFD
Might Be Different On WAAS Equipped Aircraft????
Limitation On Use Of VNAV For V-MDA Approaches
Use Of VNAV Vertical Guidance Between The FAF and Missed Approach Fix Is PROHIBITED
When Using FMS Approach Performance Data For A Runway With A Displaced Threshold
The Pilot Must Manually Enter The RWY LENGTH Value With The ACTUAL Available Landing Distance From A Published Chart
Navigation By Use Of GPWS Information
MUST NOT Be Predicated Upon The Use OF The Terrain Awareness Display
When Using GPWS In QFE Operations
If GPS is NOT available,
- Terrain Inhibit Should Be Selected
Limitation On Airborne Flight Information System (AFIS)
AFIS Must Not Be Used For Flight Planning
Minimum Voltage Of APU Battery For APU Start
22V
APU Start Cycles
Using Aircraft Batteries
1,2 & 3 Attempt….30 Seconds ON….20 Min OFF
4 & 5 Attempt….30 Seconds ON….35 Min OFF
Using Ground Power
1 & 2 Attempt…..15 Seconds ON…..20 Min OFF
3 & 4 Attempt…..15 Seconds ON…..35 Min OFF
Engine Start RPM And Max ITT
20% Minimum
903 C 50 For Seconds
Engine Acceleration Max ITT
930 C For 5 Seconds
Engine Max Continuous N2, N1 & ITT
N2…..99.2
N1…..98.6
ITT…..899 C
Engine Max Normal Takeoff N2, N1 & ITT
N2…..98.3
N1…..96.2
ITT…..884 C (5 Min) / 900 C (2 Of The 5 Min)
Engine Max Takeoff APR Operating N2, N1 & ITT
N2…..99.4
N1…..98.6
ITT…..899 (5 Min) / 928 (2 Of The 5 Min)
Use Of Safety Harness (Seated)
Above FL250 At Least 1 Pilot Must Wear A Safety Harness
Ground Operations At Ambient Temps ABOVE 40 C
Operation Of Electrical/Avionics Equipment Must Be Limited To 30 Minutes UNLESS At Least One Air Conditioning Pack Is Operating AND The Passenger Door Is Closed
Maximum Contaminant Depths
Standing Water…..0.25 In Takeoff / 0.50 In Landing
Slush….. 0.25 In Takeoff / 0.50 In Landing
Wet Snow….. .5 In Takeoff / 1.0 In Landing
Dry Snow….. 1.2 In Takeoff / 2.4 In Landing
Max APU EGT On Start
974 C
Max APU EGT (NOT On Start)
731 C
Max APU RPM
110%
Auto Shut Down At 107%
Minimum N2 For Windmilling Starts
N2 Greater Than/Equal To 10% 10,000 Feet And Below
N2 Greater Than/Equal To 12% Above 10,000 Feet
Starter Assisted Cross-bleed Start Speed Envelope
Min 60 PSI
Sea Level To 15,000 Ft 140-300 KIAS
15,000 Ft - 21,000 Ft 200-300 KIAS
Which Lights Can Be ON While Stationary
Nose Light (NOT Taxi/Recog & NOT L/R Landing)
When Can L/R Landing Light Be Selected “ON”
Landing & Take Off Roll
What is the speed limitation for operating the APU?
290 KIAS (Based On Chart
