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Embraer 170/175 Limitations > Limitations > Flashcards

Limitations Flashcards

1
Q

Maximum Operating Altitude

A

41, 000’

1 This is a design altitude limit and is not attainable under most operating conditions.

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2
Q

Maximum Altitude Takeoff and Landing

A

8, 000’

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3
Q

Minimum Altitude Takeoff and Landing

A
  • 1, 000’
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4
Q

Maximum Allowable Load Factor with Flaps UP

A

2.5g to -1.0g

The corresponding accelerations limit the bank angle during turns and limit the pull-up maneuvers.

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5
Q

Maximum Allowable Load Factors with Flaps DOWN

A

+2g to 0g

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6
Q

Maximum Runway Slope

A

+/- 2%

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7
Q

Approved Runway Surface

A

Paved

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8
Q

Wind Limits for Takeoff and CAT I

What is the maximum tailwind for Takeoff and landing?

A

10 knots

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9
Q

Wind Limits for Takeoff and CAT I

What is the maximum crosswind for Takeoff and Landing on a DRY RUNWAY?

A

28 knots sustained, with gusts to 38

  • Embraer’s maximum demonstrated cross-wind component is 28 knots. This maximum demons targeted value is not considered to be limiting.
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10
Q

Wind Limits for Takeoff and CAT I

What is the maximum crosswind for Takeoff and Landing on a WET RUNWAY?

A

28 knots

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11
Q

Wind Limits for Takeoff and CAT I

What is the maximum crosswind for Takeoff and Landing with COMPACTED SNOW?

A

20 knots

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12
Q

Wind Limits for Takeoff and CAT I

What is the maximum crosswind for Takeoff and Landing with STANDING WATER/SLUSH/WET SNOW/ DRY SNOW?

A

18 knots

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13
Q

Wind Limits for Takeoff and CAT I

What is the maximum crosswind for Takeoff and Landing on RUNWAY WITH ICE (including WET ice)?

A

12 knots

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14
Q

What is the maximum crosswind for a static Takeoff?

A

30 knots

  • Due to engine compressor stall possibility, static Takeoff is not recommended with crosswind component greater than 30 knots.
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15
Q

Wind Limits Cat II Approach

What is the maximum HEADWIND limit for a CAT II approach?

A

25 knots

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16
Q

Wind Limits Cat II Approach

What is the maximum TAILWIND limit for a CAT II approach?

A

10 knots

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17
Q

Wind Limits Cat II Approach

What is the maximum CROSSWIND limit for a CAT II approach?

A

12 knots

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18
Q

Temperature Limitations

What is the maximum temperature for takeoff and landing?

A

ISA + 35°C

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19
Q

Temperature Limitations

What is the MINIMUM temperature for Takeoff?

A

-40°C

A MX inspection is required for a landing below -40°C.

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20
Q

Speed Limitations

What is the MAX taxi speed on a STRAIGHT DRY OR WET?

A

30 kt

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21
Q

Speed Limitations

What is the MAX taxi speed on a STRAIGHT CONTAMINATED?

A

15 kt

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22
Q

Minimum Operating Speed

Except as described in normal/abnormal/emergency procedures the airplane may never be operated below what speed?

A

GREEN DOT

When STALL PROT ICE SPEED is displayed, the min speed is GREEN DOT + 10 KIAS.

The GREEN DOT indicated the drift down speed when the SLAT/FLAP is retracted and an engine is failed.

With engines running, GREEN DOT provides a 1.3g maneuver margin, which is also used as reference speed to extend the SLAT/FLAP.

The flap maneuvering speeds are computed. Asked on airplane weight and SLAT/FLAP setting, thus GREEN DOT speed will not change with bank angle nor under turbulence.

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23
Q

What is the maximum speed for DV window open?

A

160 KIAS

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24
Q

Maximum Operating Speeds

What is Vmo/Mmo?

A

320 KIAS / .82 Mach

The Vmo/Mmo barber pole may never be exceeded.

Refer to Fig 2 for ‘Max Operating Speeds’ for the max speed corresponding to a range of altitudes.

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25
Q

Maximum Turbulent Air Penetration Speed

Less than 10,000’ MSL?

A

250 KIAS

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26
Q

Maximum Turbulent Air Penetration Speed

Greater than or equal to 10, 000’ MSL?

A

270 KIAS / .76 Mach (whichever is less)

Not specific Turbulent Air Penetration Speeds are contained in Fig 3 Max Recommended Turbulent Air Penetration Speeds.

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27
Q

Ram Air Turbine (RAT)

What is the MIN RAT Speed?

A

130 KIAS

When the ram Air turbine is deployed, the minimum speed will ensure adequate airflow for electrical power.

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28
Q

Cabin Pressurization Limits

Up to 37, 000’?

A

7.8 PSI

The nominal differential pressure of 7.8 psi was specified to reduce fatigue and structural stress during flight.

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29
Q

Cabin Pressurization Limits

Above 37, 000’?

A

8.3 psi

If either the SFMS cruise flight level is set higher than 37, 000’ or the airplane is actually flying above 37, 000’ the nominal differential pressure switches to 8.3 PSI.

Selecting a crusade altitude in the FMS higher than the actual airplane may unnecessarily stress the airplane structure with a higher different pressure.

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30
Q

Cabin Pressurization Limits

Maximum differential overpressure?

A

8.7 psi

The relief valve automatically opens when the pressure hits 8.6 psi.

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31
Q

Cabin Pressurization Limits

Maximum differential negative pressure?

A

-0.5 PSI

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32
Q

Cabin Pressurization Limits

Maximum differential pressure for Takeoff and Landing?

A

0.2 PSI

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33
Q

Single Pack Operation

What is the maximum altitude for single pack operation?

A

FL310

34
Q

Minimum Autopilot Altitude

What is the minimum height to engage on Takeoff?

A

Acceleration Altitude

The AP may be engaged on takeoff at or above acceleration altitude, after horizontal and vertical flight director modes are selected. This is because the FD takeoff mode reverts to FPA after AP engagement.

35
Q

Minimum Autopilot Altitude

Minimum height to engage on Go-Around?

A

400’ AGL

The AP may be engaged during a Go-Around at or above 400’ AGL provider GA mode is active.

36
Q

Minimum Autopilot Altitude

Minimum En Route height?

A

500’ AGL

37
Q

Minimum Autopilot Altitude

Minimum height for Non-Precision?

A

MDA

38
Q

Minimum Autopilot Altitude

Minimum height for a PRECISION APPROACH?

A

70’ AGL

The AP may remain engaged during a go-around from a coupled ILS approach if the GA is initiated at an altitude at or above 70’ AGL.

39
Q

Minimum Autopilot Altitude

Special Instrument Approach?

A

as specified in the procedure.

Some instrument approach procedures publish a minimum AP altitude for the approach procedure.

40
Q

Battery Volt Limit

Maintenance is required if the battery voltage is less than…

A

21V

41
Q

Battery Temperature Limit

The minimum battery temperature for an APU start…

A

-20°C

42
Q

No Break Power Transfer

To avoid power transfer interruptions when connecting or disconnecting an electrical source…

A

Confirm power transfer on the Electrical Synoptic page or wait 10 seconds.

Examples:

  • Confirm power transfer in the Electrical Synoptic Page or wait 10 seconds before stopping the APU after engine start.
  • Confirm power transfer in the Electrical Synoptic Page or wait 10 seconds after he GPU switch is pushed in or the APU power is available before shutting down the engines(s).
  • After an engine shutdown and below 30% N2, confirm power transfer on the Electrical Synoptic page or wait 10 seconds before starting the APU.
43
Q

Flap Altitude Limit

Maximum altitude for flap extended?

A

20, 000’

44
Q

Flap Speed Limits

Flaps 1

A

230

45
Q

Flap Speed Limits

KIAS Flaps 2

A

215

46
Q

Flap Speed Limits

KIAS Flaps 3

A

200

47
Q

Flap Speed Limits

KIAS Flaps 4

A

180

48
Q

Flap Speed Limits

KIAS Flaps 5

A

180

49
Q

Flap Speed Limits

KIAS Flaps Full

A

165 KIAS

50
Q

Fuel Capacity

What is the MAX usable fuel?

A

20, 785 lbs

Fuel density of 6.767lb/US Gal

51
Q

Fuel Imbalance

Maximum fuel imbalance inflight

A

794 lbs

52
Q

What is the MINIMUM fuel tank temperature?

A

-40°C

53
Q

Hydraulic Cold Weather Operation

A hydraulic system warm-up must be accomplished before starting the engines if the reservoir temperatures are below what temperature?

A

-18°C

Refer to the QRG for the hydraulic warm-up procedure.

54
Q

Freezing Rain and Freezing Drizzle

If abnormal ice formation is observed in areas of the airplane that do not usually accrete ice and the flight is operating in an SLD condition.

A

Exit the SLD condition as soon as possible.

Flight in freezing rain and freezing drizzle (supercooled large droplets / SLD) has the potential to exceed conditions in which the airplane was certified.

55
Q

Icing Conditions - On the Ground

The MCDU TO DATASET MENU must be set to ENG when?

Caution:
On the ground, do not rely on visual icing evidence of ice detector actuation to turn on the anti-icing system. Use the temperature and visual moisture criteria as specified above. Delaying the use of the anti-icing system until I’ve build-up is visible from the cockpit may result in ICE ingestion and possible engine damage of flame-out.

A

when SAT is 5°C to 10°C and..

  1. If there is any possibility of encountering visible moisture up to 1700’ AFE

OR

  1. Operating on ramps, taxiways, or runways where surface snow, ice, standing water, or slush may be ingested by the engines, or freeze on engines nacelles, or engine sensors probes.
    - If engine anti ice is needed for ground operations but not for takeoff, the ICE PROTECTION MODE switch on the overhead panel will be used to select ice protection instead of the dataset menu.
56
Q

Icing Conditions - On the Ground

The MCDU TO DATASET MENU must be set to ALL when?

Caution:
On the ground, do not rely on visual icing evidence of ice detector actuation to turn on the anti-icing system. Use the temperature and visual moisture criteria as specified above. Delaying the use of the anti-icing system until I’ve build-up is visible from the cockpit may result in ICE ingestion and possible engine damage of flame-out.

A

When SAT is less than 5°C and..

  1. If there is any possibility of encountering visible moisture up to 1,700’ AFE

OR

  1. Operating on ramps, taxiways, or runways where surface snow, ice, standing water, or slush may be ingested by the engines, or freeze on engines nacelles, or engine sensors probes.
    - If engine anti ice is needed for ground operations but not for takeoff, the ICE PROTECTION MODE switch on the overhead panel will be used to select ice protection instead of the dataset menu.
57
Q

Icing Conditions - Inflighti

When does icing conditions exist in flight?

The engine and wing anti-ice systems operate automatically, in case of ice encounter when the ice protection mode selector is in AUTO position.

A

Whenever the SAT/ Static Air Temperature on the ground or for takeoff, or TAT/Total Air Temperature in flight is 10°C or below and visible moisture in any form is present (such as clouds, fog with visibility of one mile or less, rain, snow, sleet, and ice crystals).

If either one or both ice detectors are failed, the crew must set the mode selector to ON when icing conditions exist or are anticipated below 10°C TAT with visible moisture.

58
Q

Tire Speed Limit

What is the maximum ground speed?

A

195 Knots

59
Q

Turn Radius - Pavement Width

What is the MIN runway/taxiway width for a 180° turn for:

  1. E170?
  2. E175?
A
  1. 54’ 8”

2. 59’ 2”

60
Q

Avionics

TAS, TAT, and SAT information are only valid when?

A

Above 60 KIAS

61
Q

Avionics

When is the STBY magnetic compass indication not valid?

A

When transmitting in VHF1.

62
Q

IESS Limitations

A

Back course approaches using the IESS are prohibited.

63
Q

VOR Flight Director Mode

What is the limitation on this?

A

VOR flight director mode is prohibited.

-VOR FD mode is inhibited. VIR navigation using the FD must be predicated on HDG mode and VHF (green) needles or LNAV mode (magenta).

64
Q

APU (Auxiliary Power Unit) Limits

Start Environment

What is the MINIMUM and MAXIMUM air temperature?

A

Minimum is -54°C

Maximum [1] APU temperature matches the Airplane Operational Envelope Temperature Limitations in AOM I, 2-2.7.3.

65
Q

APU (Auxiliary Power Unit) Limits

Start Environment

What is the maximum altitude?

A

30, 000 ft

66
Q

APU (Auxiliary Power Unit) Limits

Operation

Maximum altitude for APU GEN?

A

33, 000 ft

67
Q

APU (Auxiliary Power Unit) Limits

Operation

Maximum altitude for Bleed Air?

A

15, 000 ft

68
Q

APU (Auxiliary Power Unit) Limits

Operation

Maximum altitude for APU-Assisted Engine Start?

A

21, 000 ft

69
Q

APU Note:

In flight

&

On ground

A

In flight, there is no automatic shutdown if EGT exceeds the limits.

On ground (or in flight), there is no time limitation for operating the APU in the amber range between 662°C and 717°C.

70
Q

APU (Auxiliary Power Unit) Start Limits

Battery Volt Limit

What is the MINIMUM battery voltage to start the APU?

A

21v

71
Q

APU (Auxiliary Power Unit) Start Limits

APU Starter Duty Cycle Limits

What is the Maximum Time and Cool-Down Time for Start Number for 1 & 2? Start number for 3?

A

1 & 2
Max Time is 60 seconds (ON)
Cool-Down Time is 60 seconds (OFF)

3
60 seconds ON
5 minutes OFF

72
Q

APU Note:

APU Starts during Fueling

A

The APU may not be started during refueling/defueling.

Do not start the APU during refueling/defueling if an automatic shutdown of a failed APU start occurred.

If fuel spill occurs, stop the APU and do not restart again.

73
Q

APU (Auxiliary Power Unit) Start Up During Engine Operation

Before starting the APU after an engine shutdown, wait for engine to go below what N2 %?

A

30% N2 [1]

[1]
This procedure is necessary to ensure that battery 2 is available to the airplanes electrical network as a back-up and not isolated for the APU start.

74
Q

POWER PLANT (not a memory item)

What type of engine does the ERJ 175 has?

A

Two GE (General Electric) CF34-8E5 engines.

75
Q

POWER PLANT

Engine Temperature Limits

What is the maximum start temperature?

A

815°C

76
Q

POWER PLANT

Automatic Takeoff Thrust Control System (ATTCS)

For Takeoff, the ATTCS must be?

A

ON

77
Q

POWER PLANT

Warm-Up and Cool Down

How long is the Warm-Up and Cool Down period?

A

2 minutes

78
Q

POWER PLANT

Starter Duty Cycle Limits

What is the Maximum Time on ground and in flight and the Cool-Down Time for Start Number 1 & 2?

For Start Number 3 thru 5?

A 
1 & 2,
Maximum Time:
90 seconds ON on ground [1]and 120 seconds in flight [2]
Cool-Down Time:
10 seconds OFF

3 thru 5 [2]:
90 seconds ON on ground [1] and 120 seconds ON in flight [3] / 5 minutes OFF

[1] For GND starts, the max cumulative started run time per Start attempt is 90 seconds (motoring plus start time).
[2] After five sequential Start attempts, a. Cycle may be repeated following a 15 minute cools down period.
[3] For in flight, the max cumulative started run time per start is 120 seconds (motoring plus start time).

79
Q

POWER PLANT

Engine Thrust

POWER back Operations is?

A

PROHIBITED

80
Q

POWER PLANT

Reverse Thrust

Thrust Reverser Limitations

The engines must be idle by and out of reverse by?

A

The engine must be idle by 60KIAS and must be out of reverse by 30KIAS.

*For ops on contaminated runway, reverse Thrust may be used below the Speeds indicated above at the discretion of the crew to stop the airplane safely.

81
Q

POWER PLANT

Assumed Temperature (FLEX) Thrust Takeoff

Use of FLEX Takeoff is not allowed on what type of runways?

A

Contaminated runways

(Such as runways with standing water, slush, snow, or ice, and are not allowed on wet runways unless suitable performance accountability is made for the increased stopping distant on the wet surface.)

82
Q

POWER PLANT

Assumed Temperature (FLEX) Thrust LIMITATIONS

An assumed temperate (FLEX) Takeoff is not allowed if any of the following conditions exist: (5)

A
  1. The runway is contaminated. (Wet, slippery)
  2. Anti-skid is inoperative.
  3. Takeoff performance section of the takeoff report does not include FLEX takeoff data.
  4. Compass airport information pages (CCI) prohibit an assumed temperature takeoff.
  5. The PIC determines the conditions for an assumed temperature Takeoff are unsafe.

*Selecting TO-2 is a derated (not FLEX) Thrust and is considered a normal Thrust setting when provided on the takeoff report. Therefore, TO-2 is not subject to FLEX Thrust Limitations.

Embraer 170/175 Limitations (1 decks)

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