Limbs

Question 1

What is the delto-pectoral groove?

Answer 1

Triangle bounded by the clavicle superiorly, the deltoid laterally and the pectorals major medially

Question 2

How do you examine the function of the sternocleidomastoid muscles?

Answer 2

Turn head to right or left against resistance (accessory nerve)

Question 3

How do you examine the function of the trapezius muscle?

Answer 3

Raise both shoulders against resistance

Question 4

How do you examine the function of the pectoralis major muscle?

Answer 4

Adduct the abducted arm against resistance (nerves- lateral and medial pectoral C5,6,7,8 and T1

Question 5

How do you examine the function of the serratus anterior ?

Answer 5

Both arms of subject outstretched with palms against wall and asked to press forward strongly (nerve- long thoracic)

Question 6

How do you examine the function of teres major?

Answer 6

Adduct the arm against resistance. See and palpate the muscle in the posterior axillary fold (nerve- lower sub scapular)

Question 7

How do you examine the function of the latissimus dorsi?

Answer 7

Abduct arm to 90 degrees then adduct against resistance. See and palpate muscle in posterior axillary fold (nerve- thoracodorsal)

Question 8

What muscles do you find in anterior axillary fold?

Answer 8

Pectorals major (sternocostal head)

Question 9

What muscles do you find in the posterior axillary fold?

Answer 9

Latissimus dorsi and teres major

Question 10

How do you examine the function of the deltoid?

Answer 10

Abduct the upper arm against resistance (Nerve- axillary)

Question 11

What muscles are involved in elevation of scapulothoracic joint?

Answer 11

Superior trapezius, levator scapulae and rhomboids

Question 12

What muscles are involved in depression of scapula-thoracic joint?

Answer 12

Inferior trapezius, pectorals minor and serrates anterior

Question 13

What muscles are involved in protraction of scapula-thoracic joint?

Answer 13

Pectoralis minor and serrates anterior

Question 14

What muscles are involved in retraction of scapulothoracic joint?

Answer 14

Rhomboids, middle trapezius and latissimus dorsi

Question 15

What does the glenoid fossa do during rotation?

Answer 15

It faces upwards or downwards as scapula rotates

Question 16

What muscles are involved in upwards rotation of scapulothoracic joint?

Answer 16

Superior trapezius, inferior trapezius and serratus anterior

Question 17

What muscles are involved in downwards rotation of scapulothoracic joint?

Answer 17

Pectoralis minor, latissimus dorsi, rhomboids and levator scapulae

Question 18

What muscles are involved in flexion of shoulder?

Answer 18

Pectoralis major and deltoid

Question 19

What muscles are involved in extension of shoulder joint?

Answer 19

Deltoid (posterior fibres)

Question 20

What muscles are involved in abduction of the shoulder joint?

Answer 20

Supraspinatus initially and then central deltoid

Question 21

What muscles are involved in adduction of shoulder?

Answer 21

Pectorals major and latissimus dorsi

Question 22

What muscles are involved in internal rotation of shoulder?

Answer 22

Subscapularis

Question 23

What muscles are involved in external rotation?

Answer 23

Infraspinatus

Question 24

What muscles are involved in flexion of elbow joint?

Answer 24

Biceps, brachial and brachioradialis

Question 25

What muscles are involved in extension of elbow joint?

Answer 25

Triceps

Question 26

How do you identify the flexor carpi ulnaris?

Answer 26

Flex wrist against tension

Question 27

How do you identify the palmaris longus?

Answer 27

Cup hand without bending digits