Limbs Flashcards
What is the delto-pectoral groove?
Triangle bounded by the clavicle superiorly, the deltoid laterally and the pectorals major medially
How do you examine the function of the sternocleidomastoid muscles?
Turn head to right or left against resistance (accessory nerve)
How do you examine the function of the trapezius muscle?
Raise both shoulders against resistance
How do you examine the function of the pectoralis major muscle?
Adduct the abducted arm against resistance (nerves- lateral and medial pectoral C5,6,7,8 and T1
How do you examine the function of the serratus anterior ?
Both arms of subject outstretched with palms against wall and asked to press forward strongly (nerve- long thoracic)
How do you examine the function of teres major?
Adduct the arm against resistance. See and palpate the muscle in the posterior axillary fold (nerve- lower sub scapular)
How do you examine the function of the latissimus dorsi?
Abduct arm to 90 degrees then adduct against resistance. See and palpate muscle in posterior axillary fold (nerve- thoracodorsal)
What muscles do you find in anterior axillary fold?
Pectorals major (sternocostal head)
What muscles do you find in the posterior axillary fold?
Latissimus dorsi and teres major
How do you examine the function of the deltoid?
Abduct the upper arm against resistance (Nerve- axillary)
What muscles are involved in elevation of scapulothoracic joint?
Superior trapezius, levator scapulae and rhomboids
What muscles are involved in depression of scapula-thoracic joint?
Inferior trapezius, pectorals minor and serrates anterior
What muscles are involved in protraction of scapula-thoracic joint?
Pectoralis minor and serrates anterior
What muscles are involved in retraction of scapulothoracic joint?
Rhomboids, middle trapezius and latissimus dorsi
What does the glenoid fossa do during rotation?
It faces upwards or downwards as scapula rotates
What muscles are involved in upwards rotation of scapulothoracic joint?
Superior trapezius, inferior trapezius and serratus anterior
What muscles are involved in downwards rotation of scapulothoracic joint?
Pectoralis minor, latissimus dorsi, rhomboids and levator scapulae
What muscles are involved in flexion of shoulder?
Pectoralis major and deltoid
What muscles are involved in extension of shoulder joint?
Deltoid (posterior fibres)
What muscles are involved in abduction of the shoulder joint?
Supraspinatus initially and then central deltoid
What muscles are involved in adduction of shoulder?
Pectorals major and latissimus dorsi
What muscles are involved in internal rotation of shoulder?
Subscapularis
What muscles are involved in external rotation?
Infraspinatus
What muscles are involved in flexion of elbow joint?
Biceps, brachial and brachioradialis
What muscles are involved in extension of elbow joint?
Triceps
How do you identify the flexor carpi ulnaris?
Flex wrist against tension
How do you identify the palmaris longus?
Cup hand without bending digits
