Limb Exams Flashcards
Cerebellar syndrome differentials
D- demylination MS
A- alcohol - wernickes + B12
I- infarct - stroke/TIA
S- SOL - vestibular schwannoma (CN 5, 6, 7, 8 + cerebellar signs)
I- inherited : friedrich’s, Wilson’s
E- epilepsy medication- phenytoin
S- system atrophy
Bilateral UMN (spastic paraparesis)
Multiple sclerosis
Myelopathy- (sensory level)
MND- normal sensation
Bilateral stroke
Parasagittal tumour
Unilateral UMN
Intracranial - stroke, SOL, MS (dysphasia, neglect, hemianopia, conscious level)
Brainstem- stroke, SOL (contralateral hemiparesis, ipsilateral CN)
Spinal cord- MS, infarct, SOL, trauma
Ipsilateral CNIII PALSY + cont hemiparesis
MS DIFFERENTIALS
UMN + cerebellar differentials
Spastic paraparesis differentials
UMN + cerebellar differentials
-Spinocerebellar ataxia
-friedrichs
-multiple strokes
Inflammatory
-neurosarcoid
-SLE
-devics (NMO- ms variant with transverse myelitis and optic atrophy NMO - IgG abs
Infective
-lyme
Stroke differentials
As for UMN unilateral +
-head injury
- high or low glucose
-SOL
INFECTION: encephalitis , abscesses, toxoplas, HIV , HTLV, drugs
DDX myelopathy
V- stroke
I- HIV/TB
T- trauma
A
M- B12 deficiency
I- LP Injury
N- neoplastic
C- arnold chiari / spina bifida
D- degenerative osteoarthritis
E- endocrine e.g. steroids
Bilateral LMN abnormal sensation
Symmetrical- polyneuropathy
Asymmetric - mononeuritis multiplex
Abnormal sensation
A- alcohol
B- b12/ thiamine
C- Charcot Marie tooth
D- diabetes
E- every vasculatis
L- leprosy
Neurosarcoidosis
SLE
Bilateral LMN normal sensation
GBS
myotonic dystrophy
Lead poisoning
MND
Unilateral LMN
- Radiculopathy- disc herniation, generation
- Plexopathy- trauma, congenital, neoplastic, infiltration, compression , radiotherapy
- Peripheral nerve - trauma/compression
Proximal myopathy
MOTOR
-dystrophy - Becker/duchenne
-endocrine - cushings / steroid
-neuromuscular - MG/LEMS
-inflammatory - myositis / PMR
-metabolic
UMN/LMN signs
MS
MND
Polio
Friedrichs
SCDC-B12
Taboparesis
