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Lighting > LightingExam1 > Flashcards

LightingExam1 Flashcards

1
Q

Accent lighting

A

Also known as focal lighting. Illumination designed to highlight an object or area in a space.

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2
Q

General lighting

A

Also known as ambient lighting. The overall illumination in a space, including lighting that allows people to walk safely through a room and that sets the mood or character of the interior.

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3
Q

Decorative lighting

A

Luminaires that provide illumination and are also artistic pieces.

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4
Q

Indirect glare

A

A distracting high-illuminance level caused by reflection of a light source off a surface or object.

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5
Q

Indirect illuminaire

A

Distribution of light when when at least 90% of the illumination is directed toward the ceiling.

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6
Q

Indirect natural light

A

Illumination reflected from clouds, the moon, and stars.

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7
Q

Light emitting diode

A

Semi-conductor devise consisting of a chemical chip embedded in a plastic capsule. The light is focused or scattered by lenses or diffusers.

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8
Q

Light

A

A form of energy tha tis part of the electromagnetic spectrum.

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9
Q

Lumen

A

A unit of mesaurement of the light output of a lamp. (lm)

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10
Q

Natural light

A

Ilumination from the sun and the stars.

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11
Q

Task lighting

A

Illumination that is specific to each task performed in a space.

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12
Q

Red

A

This color has 750 nanometers.

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13
Q

Violet

A

This color has 400 nanometers.

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14
Q

Accomodation

A

A function of the eye that enables one to see objects at varying distances.

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15
Q

Adaption

A

A function of the eye that adjusts to the amount of brightness entering the pupil.

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16
Q

Central field of vision

A

A plane of sight where the eye is approximately two degrees above and two degrees below the direct line of sight.

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17
Q

Rods

A

These are activated primarily at lower illuminance levels and are important in night vision.

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18
Q

Cones

A

These are activated by bright light, color, and detail.

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19
Q

Eye’s field of vision

A

The central and peripheral areas that are visible to the eye.

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20
Q

Lamp

A

Commonly reffered to as a light bulb, a lamp is a source that produces optical radiation.

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21
Q

Layered lighting

A

An illumination plan that includes natural light and multiple electrical light sources.

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22
Q

Luminaire

A

An element of a lighting system that includes a light source, housing elements, ballasts, transformers, controls, mounting mechanism, and a connection to electrical power.

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23
Q

Presbyopia

A

A decrease in the eye’s ability to change the shape of the lens, affecting an individual’s ability to focus on near or distant objects.

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24
Q

Quality lighting

A

A layered illumination plan that reduces energy costs, conserves natural resources, and allows users of the space to function comfortably, feel safe, and appreciate the aesthetic components of the environment.

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25
Q

Veiling reflection

A

Reduction in light contrast on a task as a result of a reflected image on a surface.

26
Q

Aperture

A

An opening in a wall or ceiling, such as a window or skylight.

27
Q

Candlepower

A

The intensity of a light source, measured in candelas.

28
Q

Candela (cd)

A

The SI unit of measurement of luminous intensity. One candela represents the luminous intensity from a source focused in a specific direction on a solid angle called a steradian.

29
Q

Circadian rhythm

A

A biological function that coordinates sleeping and waking times through hormones and metabolic processes.

30
Q

Daylight (skylight)

A

Desirable natural light in a space.

31
Q

Daylight harvesting

A

Capturing daylight for the purpose of illunimating an interior.

32
Q

Daylighting

A

Maximinzing the benefits of sunlight into interior spaces while controlling for the ill effects of direct sunlight.

33
Q

Lamp life

A

The operational time of a lamp expressed in hours.

34
Q

Light shelf

A

A horizontal unit that is placed high on an interor or exterior wall for the prupose of relfecting daylight into a space.

35
Q

Modeling

A

Emphasizing the three dimensions of a piece or surface through light, shade, and shadows.

36
Q

Sidelighting

A

The integration of daylight into interiors by gathering light through the walls of a building.

37
Q

Solar geometry

A

The movement of the earth around the sun.

38
Q

Sunlight

A

Light from the sun that enters a space directly.

39
Q

30 degrees

A

To avoid problems of viewing art on a wall with a ceiling fixed light source, what degree should it be angeled at?

40
Q

5 to 1

A

What is the contrast ratio between accent and general lighting?

41
Q

20 to 1

A

What contrast ratio should not be exceeded with accent and general lighting?

42
Q

Optic nerve

A

What takes light and images from the retina to the brain?

43
Q

Backlighting

A

Illumination that is directly behind an object. Also referred to as silhouetting.

44
Q

Flame shaped lamps

A

Small, decorative lamp in the shape of a flame. The bulb is clear or frosted glass.

45
Q

Grazing

A

A lighting technique that places the light source close enough to a surface or object to highlight interesting textures and produce dramatic shadows.

46
Q

Recessed spot

A

Luninaire mounted in a ceiling or furniture piece, with a lamp that distributes the light in a concentrated area.

47
Q

Spotlight projector

A

Device that allows designers to select a very precise area to be illuminated.

48
Q

Uplight

A

Luminaire that directs the light up; generally a portable luminaire

49
Q

Color rendering index

A

This measures how faithfully a light source reveals the colors of objects.

50
Q

Efficacy

A

A rating based upon the lumens per watt consumed, relfecting the energy efficency of a lamp.

51
Q

Fluorescent lamp

A

An electric discharge light source that generally uses electrodes, phosphors, low pressure mercury, and other gases for illumination.

52
Q

Flood (fl)

A

A wide beam spread.

53
Q

Halogen regenerative cycle

A

The operational process in which evaporated tungsten is redeposited in a halogen lamp’s filament.

54
Q

Incadescent carbon filament lamp

A

A light source that uses an electrical current to heat the conductive material until incadescence is produced.

55
Q

Light output

A

The amount of illumination produced by a lamp, measured in lumens.

56
Q

Lumens per watt (lpW)

A

A rating that describes the amount of electricity consumed for a given amount of illumination.

57
Q

Spot (SP)

A

A narrow beam spread.

58
Q

Transformer

A

An electrical device that increases or decreases voltages in the system.

59
Q

Tungsten

A

A conductive material used as a filament to heat because of its high melting and low evaporating points.

60
Q

Tungsten Halogen lamp

A

Incadescent lamp that conatins halogen.

61
Q

Watt (W)

A

Unit measuring an electrical circuit’s ability to do work, such as producing light and waste heat, in terms of the amount of electricity drawn.

62
Q

Electric discharge lamp

A

Electrical light source that produces illumination without filaments and operates on low or high pressure. An electric current passes through the vapor or gas.

Lighting (1 decks)

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