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Optics & Refraction, Pharmacology > Light theories > Flashcards

Light theories Flashcards

1
Q

Christiaan Huygens

A

Wave theory of light through an imaginary medium called Ether

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2
Q

Isaac Newton

A

A practical theory of light (corpuscles)

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3
Q

James Maxwell

A

An electromagnetic field wave theory of light

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4
Q

Leon Foucault

A

Determined the actual speed of light

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5
Q

Max Planck

A

Introduced the quantum theory of light

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6
Q

Albert Einstein

A

Proposed that light travels at a constant speed

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7
Q

Speed of light

A

3 × 10^8 m/s

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8
Q

Relationship of Frequency, Wavelength and Speed

A

Frequency = Speed / Wavelength

Frequency is inversely proportional to wavelength

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9
Q

Visible light spectrum

A

400 - 700 nm
GAMA Rays-X Rays-Ultraviolet Rays- the visible spectrum(VIBGYOR)-Infrared Rays-Microwave Rays-Radiowave Rays

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10
Q

Foot Candle

A
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11
Q

Luminous Flux

A

The quantity of light energy emitted per second in all directions?
Unit is Lumen

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12
Q

Why is Lux?

A

Is the unit of illumination.
The illumination (brightness) is produced when 1 Lumen of light is equally distributed on an area of 1-meter square.
1Foot candle = 10.764 Lux?

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13
Q

Indices of refraction

A

Air 1
Water 1.33
Aqueous humor 1.34
Vitreous humour 1.34
Cornea 1.376
Lens 1.4
Glass 1.52
Flint 1.6

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14
Q

Prism Diopter

A

P = displacement /distance
P = c / D
Prism power ‘P’ in Prism Diopter
Displacement ‘c’ in centimeters
Distance of object ‘D’from the prism in meter

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15
Q

Lens power

A

P = 1 / f
P is the power of the lens in Diopter
f is the focal length in meter

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16
Q

Eyeball length

A

22.6 mm

17
Q

Eye’s convergence power

A

+ 60 D

18
Q

Gullstrand’s schematic eye’s power

A

58.6 D

19
Q

Anterior focal point of eye

A

17 mm in front of the cornea

20
Q

Nodal point

A

5.6 mm behind the cornea

21
Q

Refractive index of the eye

A

1.333

22
Q

Interval of Sturm?

A

Distance between the two focal points in the case of astigmatism.

23
Q

Circle of the least confusion?

A

The sharpest possible image of an object in case of astigmatism. It lies in the middle of the interval of Sturm

24
Q

Image location formula

A

P = D + U
1/f = 1/d + 1/u
P is the power of the lens
D is the vergence of the object
U is the vergence of the image
f is the focal length of the lens
d is the distance of the object
u is the distance of the image

25
Q

Magnification formula

A

Magnification = Height of image / Height of object

M = hi / ho = - di / do

Optics & Refraction, Pharmacology (5 decks)

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