Light and Sound

Question 1

A wave transfers _____________. It does not transfer ______________.

Answer 1

Energy, matter

Question 2

In a _______________ wave the vibration of the particles is perpendicular to the direction of energy transfer

Answer 2

transverse

Question 3

In a _______________ wave the vibration of the particles is parallel to the direction of energy transfer

Answer 3

longitudinal

Question 4

Transverse wave - the _______________ of the particles is __________________ to the direction of energy transfer

Answer 4

vibration/oscillation, perpendicular

Question 5

Longitudinal wave - the _______________ of the particles is __________________ to the direction of energy transfer

Answer 5

vibration/oscillation, parallel

Question 6

What feature of the wave is shown on the diagram?

Answer 6

Wavelength

Question 7

What feature of the wave is shown on the diagram?

Answer 7

Amplitude

Question 8

Which letter represents the amplitude of a wave?

Answer 8

B

Question 9

In a longitudinal wave, areas where the particles are pushed together are called _________________ and areas where the particles are spread out are called _________________

Answer 9

compressions, rarefactions

Question 10

A louder sound will have a higher __________________.

Answer 10

amplitude

Question 11

A high-pitched sound will have a higher _________________

Answer 11

frequency

Question 12

Give an example of a longitudinal wave

Answer 12

sound

Question 13

Give an example of a transverse wave

Answer 13

light (also radio, microwaves, infra-red, UV, X-ray, gamma ray, water waves)

Question 14

An object which gives off light is known as….

Answer 14

luminous

Question 15

How can we see non-luminous objects?

Answer 15

because light is reflected off the object

Question 16

When light hits and object and “stops” it is known as…

Answer 16

absorption

Question 17

When light hits and object and bounces off it is known as…

Answer 17

reflection

Question 18

A material that lets light through without scattering is known as…

Answer 18

transparent

Question 19

What is an opaque material?

Answer 19

A material that does not let light pass through

Question 20

An object that scatters light as it passes through is known as…

Answer 20

translucent

Question 21

Label the normal line, angle of incidence and angle of reflection

Question 22

How does the angle of incidence compare to the angle of reflection?

Answer 22

they are equal/the same

Question 23

“If we are drawing a reflected ray, which step is missing
1. Extend the incident line to the surface.
2.
3. Measure angle of incidence.
4. Construct your angle of reflection.”

Answer 23

Draw on the normal line

Question 24

What is refraction?

Answer 24

The change in direction of a wave when it changes speed.

Question 25

When does refraction occur?

Answer 25

When a wave moves into a different substance

Question 26

If the speed of a wave decreases as it moves into a new substance it will bend _____________ the normal

Answer 26

towards

Question 27

If the speed of a wave increases as it moves into a new substance it will bend _____________ the normal

Answer 27

away from

Question 28

Draw the path of the light

Question 29

When the angle of incidence is greater than the critical angle, what will happen to the light?

Answer 29

All the light will be reflected/total internal reflection.

Question 30

If all the light is reflected with a material (e.g. a piece of glass), what is this known as?

Answer 30

Total internal reflection

Question 31

Give two examples of where total internal reflection is found in real-life applications

Answer 31

Periscopes (submarines), internal cameras (medicine), fibre-optic communications e.g. fast broadband, inspecting aircraft engines

Question 32

What is the name of the coloured circle around the pupil. It controls the size of the pupil

Answer 32

Iris

Question 33

What is the purpose of the lens in the eye?

Answer 33

To focus light onto the retina

Question 34

What do you call the black part of the eye? It is the opening that lets light in

Answer 34

Pupil

Question 35

Name the parts of the eye indicated in the diagram

Question 36

What is the retina?

Answer 36

Light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye, made up of rods and cones

Question 37

What is the purpose of the optic nerve?

Answer 37

Carries messages from the retina to the brain.

Question 38

Why do we end up with an inverted image formed on our retina when we look at an object?

Answer 38

Because light is refracted by the cornea and lens in our eye.

Question 39

What three colours of light can our eyes detect?

Answer 39

red, green, blue

Question 40

What are the colours of the spectrum that make up white light?

Answer 40

Red, Orange, Yellow, Green, Blue, Indigo, Violet (use ROY G. BIV or Richard Of York Gave Battle In Vain to help you remember the order)

Question 41

The colour of a light depends on what feature of a wave?

Answer 41

Frequency

Question 42

When light enters a prism it splits into the colours of the spectrum, what do we call this effect?

Answer 42

Dispersion

Question 43

Why does a blue object appear blue when a white light is shone upon it?

Answer 43

It reflects blue light. It absorbs all other colours of light.

Question 44

Why do black objects appear black?

Answer 44

They absorb all colours that are shone on them. No light is reflected.

Question 45

When red and green light is combined, what colour is formed?

Answer 45

Yellow

Question 46

When red and blue light is combined, what colour is formed?

Answer 46

Magenta

Question 47

When blue and green light is combined, what colour is formed?

Answer 47

Cyan

Question 48

Sketch a low-pitched sound becoming a high-pitched sound (the volume remains constant)

Question 49

Sketch a quiet-sound becoming a loud sound (the pitch remains unchanged)

Question 50

If a sound is becoming lower pitched, what is decreasing?

Answer 50

The frequency

Question 51

If a sound is becoming lower in volume, what is decreasing?

Answer 51

The amplitude

Question 52

What formula can we use to calculate the speed of sound?

Answer 52

speed = distance/time

Question 53

Do sound waves travel fastest in solid, liquid or gas?

Answer 53

Solid

Question 54

Do light waves travel fastest through a solid, liquid or gas?

Answer 54

Gas (light travels fastest through a vacuum)

Question 55

When calculating the speed of sound using an echo, what must you remember

Answer 55

The echo travels to an object and back again (you may need to double the distance or halve the time provided - take care!)