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yr 8 Science > Light And Sound > Flashcards

Light And Sound Flashcards

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1
Q

A wave transfers _____________. It does not transfer ______________.

A

A wave transfers energy. It does not transfer matter.

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2
Q

In a _______________ wave the vibration of the particles is perpendicular to the direction of energy transfer.

A

In a transverse wave the vibration of the particles is perpendicular to the direction of energy transfer.

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3
Q

In a _______________ wave the vibration of the particles is parallel to the direction of energy transfer.

A

In a longitudinal wave the vibration of the particles is parallel to the direction of energy transfer.

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4
Q

Transverse wave - the _______________ of the particles is __________________ to the direction of energy transfer.

A

Transverse wave - the vibration of the particles is perpendicular to the direction of energy transfer.

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5
Q

Longitudinal wave - the _______________ of the particles is __________________ to the direction of energy transfer.

A

Longitudinal wave - the vibration of the particles is parallel to the direction of energy transfer.

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6
Q

In a longitudinal wave, areas where the particles are pushed together are called _________________ and areas where the particles are spread out are called _________________

A

In a longitudinal wave, areas where the particles are pushed together are called compressions and areas where the particles are spread out are called rarefactions.

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7
Q

A louder sound will have a higher __________________.

A

A louder sound will have a higher amplitude.

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8
Q

A high-pitched sound will have a higher _________________

A

A high-pitched sound will have a higher frequency.

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9
Q

Give an example of a longitudinal wave.

A

An example of a longitudinal wave is a sound wave.

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10
Q

Give an example of a transverse wave.

A

An example of a transverse wave is a light wave.

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11
Q

An object which gives off light is known as….

A

An object which gives off light is known as a luminous object.

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12
Q

How can we see non-luminous objects?

A

We can see non-luminous objects because they reflect light.

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13
Q

When light hits an object and ‘stops’ it is known as…

A

When light hits an object and ‘stops’ it is known as absorption.

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14
Q

When light hits an object and bounces off it is known as…

A

When light hits an object and bounces off it is known as reflection.

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15
Q

A material that lets light through without scattering is known as…

A

A material that lets light through without scattering is known as a transparent material.

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16
Q

What is an opaque material?

A

An opaque material is one that does not allow light to pass through.

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17
Q

An object that scatters light as it passes through is known as…

A

An object that scatters light as it passes through is known as a translucent object.

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18
Q

How does the angle of incidence compare to the angle of reflection?

A

The angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection.

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19
Q

What is refraction?

A

Refraction is the bending of light as it passes from one medium to another.

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20
Q

When does refraction occur?

A

Refraction occurs when light travels through different media.

21
Q

If the speed of a wave decreases as it moves into a new substance it will bend _____________ the normal.

A

If the speed of a wave decreases as it moves into a new substance it will bend towards the normal.

22
Q

If the speed of a wave increases as it moves into a new substance it will bend _____________ the normal.

A

If the speed of a wave increases as it moves into a new substance it will bend away from the normal.

23
Q

When the angle of incidence is greater than the critical angle, what will happen to the light?

A

When the angle of incidence is greater than the critical angle, total internal reflection occurs.

24
Q

If all the light is reflected with a material (e.g. a piece of glass), what is this known as?

A

If all the light is reflected with a material, it is known as total internal reflection.

25
Q

Give two examples of where total internal reflection is found in real-life applications.

A

Two examples of total internal reflection are optical fibers and diamonds.

26
Q

What is the name of the coloured circle around the pupil? It controls the size of the pupil.

A

The name of the coloured circle around the pupil is the iris.

27
Q

What is the purpose of the lens in the eye?

A

The purpose of the lens in the eye is to focus light onto the retina.

28
Q

What do you call the black part of the eye? It is the opening that lets light in.

A

The black part of the eye is called the pupil.

29
Q

What is the retina?

A

The retina is the light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye.

30
Q

What is the purpose of the optic nerve?

A

The purpose of the optic nerve is to transmit visual information from the retina to the brain.

31
Q

Why do we end up with an inverted image formed on our retina when we look at an object?

A

We end up with an inverted image on our retina because of the way light is refracted by the lens.

32
Q

What three colours of light can our eyes detect?

A

Our eyes can detect red, green, and blue light.

33
Q

What are the colours of the spectrum that make up white light?

A

The colours of the spectrum that make up white light are red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet.

34
Q

The colour of a light depends on what feature of a wave?

A

The colour of a light depends on the wavelength of the wave.

35
Q

When light enters a prism it splits into the colours of the spectrum, what do we call this effect?

A

This effect is called dispersion.

36
Q

Why does a blue object appear blue when a white light is shone upon it?

A

A blue object appears blue because it reflects blue light and absorbs other colours.

37
Q

Why do black objects appear black?

A

Black objects appear black because they absorb all colours of light.

38
Q

When red and green light is combined, what colour is formed?

A

When red and green light is combined, yellow is formed.

39
Q

When red and blue light is combined, what colour is formed?

A

When red and blue light is combined, magenta is formed.

40
Q

When blue and green light is combined, what colour is formed?

A

When blue and green light is combined, cyan is formed.

41
Q

Sketch a low-pitched sound becoming a high-pitched sound (the volume remains constant).

A

Sketch a waveform showing increasing frequency while maintaining amplitude.

42
Q

Sketch a quiet-sound becoming a loud sound (the pitch remains unchanged).

A

Sketch a waveform showing increasing amplitude while maintaining frequency.

43
Q

If a sound is becoming lower pitched, what is decreasing?

A

If a sound is becoming lower pitched, frequency is decreasing.

44
Q

If a sound is becoming lower in volume, what is decreasing?

A

If a sound is becoming lower in volume, amplitude is decreasing.

45
Q

What formula can we use to calculate the speed of sound?

A

The formula to calculate the speed of sound is speed = distance/time.

46
Q

Do sound waves travel fastest in solid, liquid or gas?

A

Sound waves travel fastest in solids.

47
Q

Do light waves travel fastest through a solid, liquid or gas?

A

Light waves travel fastest through a vacuum.

48
Q

When calculating the speed of sound using an echo, what must you remember?

A

When calculating the speed of sound using an echo, remember to divide the total distance by two.

yr 8 Science (3 decks)

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