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Physics Year 10 > Light > Flashcards

Light Flashcards

1
Q

Give some examples are luminous sources of light

A
  1. LED (when on)
  2. Sun
  3. Bulb (when on)
  4. Star
  5. Firefly
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2
Q

How do we see things that are non-luminous?

A

We can see them because they reflect light into our eyes

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3
Q

Which of these items in the night sky are luminious?
Mars, Jupiter, galaxies, stars, ISS, Moon, Venus, Comets, Shooting stars

A

Galaxies
Stars
Shooting stars

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4
Q

How can we see non-luminous items in the night sky?

A

We can see them as they reflect light from the sun

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5
Q

How fast does light travel?

A

300 million m/s in air

Light could travel between Belfast and New York in about 100th of a second

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6
Q

How does light travel?

A

Light travels in straight lines

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7
Q

What is a narrow beam of light called?

A

A ray

Drawn on a diagram as straight lines with an arrow pointing away from the light source

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8
Q

Describe the image formed by a pinhole camera

A

The image is inverted

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9
Q

What are two ways the size of the image can be increased in a pinhole camera

A
  1. Bring the camera closer
  2. Longer camera
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10
Q

What is a light year?

A

The total distance that a beam of light moving in a straight line travels in one year.

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11
Q

Describe transparent

A

Allows light to travel to straight through

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12
Q

Describe translucent

A

Lets light through, but scatters it in different directions so we cannot get a clear image

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13
Q

Describe opaque

A

Does not let light through at all

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14
Q

Why are shadows formed?

A
  1. Light rays travel in straight lines
  2. Some objects are opaque

Shadow forms where light does not reach

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15
Q

Where in a house would translucent glass be useful?

A

Bathroom for privacy

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16
Q

What is the advantage & disadvantage of using glass for car windscreens

A

Transparent
Glass is brittle

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17
Q

What happens when an object is moved closer to a light source

A

The shadow created is bigger.

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18
Q

What happens when an object is moved further away from a light source

A

The shadow created is smaller

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19
Q

Describe the properties of a shadow

A

Dark region where no light can reach that takes the shape of the original object.

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20
Q

When does a solar eclipse occur?

A

When the moon come between the Sun and the Earth.
The shadow of the moon is cast on the Earth

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21
Q

When does a lunar eclispe occur?

A

Where the Earth blocks some or all of the Sun’s direct light from reaching the moon.
Only takes place during a full moon

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22
Q

What is a transit?

A

Where a planet appears to move across the surface of a star

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23
Q

When did Venus last transit the sun

A

5/6th June 2012

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24
Q

when was the last full solar eclipse visible from the UK?

A

11th August 1999

25
Q

What is reflection?

A

Bouncing of light off a surface

26
Q

What objects are good at reflecting light?

A

White objects
Shiny objects - these are best as they don’t scatter light in all directions

27
Q

How does a mirror work?

A

A mirror reflects all of the light that hits it all in the same direction to produce a clear image.

28
Q

What is another name for a flat mirror

A

A plane mirror

29
Q

What are the differences between a plane and a curved mirror

A

A plane mirror reflects light to form an image that is the same size at the object
A curved mirror produces images that are a different size than the object

30
Q

List two ocassions where a curved mirror would be more useful than a plane one

A

Edge of wing mirrors
Edge of bad-visibility roads

31
Q

What is the name of the ray coming from the light source (ray box)?

A

Incident ray

32
Q

What is the name of the ray bouncing off the mirror?

A

Reflected ray

33
Q

What is the normal line when studying reflection?

A

An imaginary line perpendicular to the mirror

34
Q

What are the angle of incidence and angle of reflection measured from

A

They are measured from the normal

35
Q

What is the law of reflection?

A

The angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection.

36
Q

What is lateral inversion

A

The reversal of an image in a mirror e.g. writing RBAI

37
Q

What are the key features of a periscope?

A

Object
Mirror
Reflection
2nd mirror
Eye

Look at diagram and being able to label it

38
Q

What could a periscope be used for?

A

People controlling a submarine to be able to look about the water.

39
Q

What is refraction?

A

The bending of light as it passes through a boundary between two materials of different densities

40
Q

Why does refraction happen?

A

It happens because light travels at different speeds in materials of different densities

41
Q

What happens when light enters a more dense material?

A

The light waves slow down and bend towards the normal.

42
Q

What happens when light enters a less dense material?

A

The light waves speed up and bend away from the normal.

43
Q

What happens when a ray of light enters a block of perspex at right angles

A

It travels through the block in a straight line, there is no refraction

44
Q

What is the splitting of white light into its colours called?

A

Dispersion

45
Q

What is the range of colours called when white light is split into its colours

A

The visible spectrum

46
Q

What are the 7 colours that white light can get split into

A

Red
Orange
Yellow
Green
Blue
Indigo
Violet

47
Q

How is a rainbow formed?

A

It is formed when sunlight passes through water droplets. The water droplets act as a prism refracting each colour by a different amount to produce the spectrum of light.

48
Q

What is the full spectrum called when sunlight is split by a prism?

A

The electronmagnetic spectrum

49
Q

What are the 7 main areas of the electromagnetic spectrum in order from lowest to highest frequency

A
  1. Radio Waves
  2. Microwaves
  3. Infrared radiation
  4. Visible light
  5. Ultraviolet radiation
  6. X-rays
  7. Gamma radiation

Remember My Instructions Visible Using X-Ray Glasses

50
Q

As frequency increases across the spectrum what happens the wavelength

A

The wavelength decreases

51
Q

What type of spectrum is the electormagnetic spectrum?

A

It is a continuous spectrum, there are no gaps instead there is a type of wave at every wavelength.

52
Q

What ate the common properties of the electromagnetic spectrum?

A
  1. They all travel at the speed of light (300 million m/s)
  2. They can all travel through a vacuum
  3. They are all transverse waves
  4. They transfer energy from one place to another
53
Q

What is a use and danger of radiowaves?

A

Use: television & radio
Danger: No known dangers

54
Q

What is a use and danger of microwaves?

A

Use: Radar, mobile phone commumications, wireless computer signals, speed cameras, cooking
Dangers: can cause damage to the human body through heating

55
Q

What is a use and danger of infrared radiation?

A

Use: Heaters, night-vision, remote controls and in fibre optical communications
Dangers: Too much can cause burns to human skin

56
Q

What is a use and danger of visible light?

A

Use: Enables us to see, used by skin to produce vitamin D
Dangers: Too strong a source of light can damage eyes

57
Q

What is a use and danger of Ultraviolet light?

A

Use: Fluoresence used in things like washing powder to make clothes look brighter/cleaner. Security marking of valuables/bank notes
Dangers: Can cause skin cancer, damage eyes

58
Q

What is a use and danger of x-rays?

A

Use: Taking pictures of bones and teeth, testing welded joins on metal pipes. To kill cancers cells when used in a controlled way in radiotherapy.
Dangers: Can cause cancers by disrupting DNA, can kill cells and can damage a foetus.

59
Q

What is a use and danger of gamma radiation?

A

Use: Can kill cancer cells in radiotherapy. Can be used to kill bateria in the sterilsation of hospital equipment. Can be used to preserve food. Gamma cameras can be used to take pictures of tracer fluids to diagnose illness
Dangers: Can damage or kill living cells

Physics Year 10 (3 decks)

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