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NPTE MSK > Ligaments > Flashcards

Ligaments Flashcards

1
Q

Main function of the coracohumeral lig

A

Reinforce biceps tendon, reinforce superior capsule and prevent caudal dislocation of humerus

Taut in ER

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2
Q

Main function of coracoacromial lig

A

Not a true ligament, connects two points of same bone. running from coracoid to acrominon

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3
Q

Glenohumeral Lig main function

A 
Three bands ( sup, middle and inferior)
Reinforce anterior glenohumeral capsule
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4
Q

Main function of transverse humeral lig

A

Broad band passing over top of bicipital groove.

Acts as a retinaculum for long biceps tendon

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5
Q

T or F, the capsule of the elbow encloses the entire elbow joint complex?

A

True

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6
Q

Main function of Ulnar Collateral lig

A

Reinforce humerulnar joint medially

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7
Q

Main function of radial collateral lig

A

Reinforces humeroradial joint laterally

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8
Q

Main function of the elbow annular lig

A

Protects radial head, especially in semi-flexion, where it is very unstable.

Taut in extremes of pronation and supination

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9
Q

Main function of the Quadrate lig in the elbow

A

( extends from the radial notch (ulna) to the neck of the radius )
Reinforces inferior joint capsule, maintains radial head in opposition to ulna, limits the amount of spin in supination and pronation

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10
Q

Main function of the Distal Radioulnar lig

A

Anterior: primarily strengthens capsule
Posterior: primarily strengthens capsule

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11
Q

Functionally at the elbow which side (med or lateral) undergo tensile force and which undergoes compressive force during functional activities ?

A

Lateral: compressive
Medial: tensile

Therefore lateral lig does not have to be as strong as the medial lig

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12
Q

Does the ulna pronate (IR rotate) or supinate (ER rotate) during elbow flexion?

A

Supinates or ER rotates

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13
Q

Does the ulna pronate (IR rotate) or supinate (ER rotate) during elbow extension?

A

Pronates or IR rotates

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14
Q

Main function of the collateral liggs of the fingers?

A

Providing stability

All fibers taut with flexion and volar fibers are taut with extension

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15
Q

Main function of radial collateral lig of the wrist

A

Limits ulnar deviation

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16
Q

Main function of the ulnar collateral lig of the wrist

A

Limits radial deviation

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17
Q

Main function of the palmar ulnocarpal lig

A

limits extension and supination

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18
Q

Main function of the palmar radiocarpal lig

A

limits extension and supination through knuckles

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19
Q

What is the extensor hood?

A

Fibrous mechanism on the dorsum of each finger that is fibrous expansion of the extensor digitorum tendon

Its purpose is to assist with extension of the PIP and DIP joints

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20
Q

What is the purpose of the volar plate in the fingers?

A

Present on the palmar aspect of the MCP, PIP, and DIP joints. Thickening of capsule. Functions to increase articular surface during extension and protect the joint volarly.

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21
Q

Where does the ulnar nerve innervate the hand?

A

Hypothenar region- palmar and dorsally, fifth and medial half of fourth digit

22
Q

Where does the median nerve innervate the hand

A

Remainder of palmar surface not innervated by the ulnar nerve and dorsal portions of second, third and lateral half of fourth digit from DIP joint to tip of finger

23
Q

Where does the radial nerve innervate the hand

A

Remainder of dorsum of hand not innervated by ulnar or median nerves

24
Q

What is the normal angle of inlincation of the femoral head?

A

115-125
>125 = valga
<115= Coxa vara

25
Q

What is the normal angle of the femoral neck in relation to the frontal plane?

A

10-15 degress of anteversion

Excessive Anterversion > 25-30 degrees
Retroversion < 10 degrees

26
Q

Main function of the iliofemoral ligament ( or Y lig or Ligament of Bigelow)

A

Formed by 2 bands
Both bands taut in Extension and ER
Superior band taut in Adduction
Inferior band taut in Abduction

27
Q

Main function of the pubofemoral ligament

A

Taut in extension, ER and Abduction

28
Q

Main function of ischiofemoral ligament

A

Taut in medial rotation, Abduction and Extension

29
Q

Main function of Zona orbicularis ( or annular ligament) of the hip

A

Runs in a circular pattern around the femoral neck

Has no bony attachments, but helps to hold head of femur in acetabulum

30
Q

Main function of the inguinal ligament

A

Forms a tunnel for muscles, arteries, veins and nerves

31
Q

Main function of the MCL

A

Taut in extension and slackened in flexion
Prevents ER and provides stability against valgus force.

Runs in the same direction as teh ACL

32
Q

Main function of the LCL

A

Free of capsular attachment
Runs in the same direction of the PCL

Taut in Extension and slackened in flexion

Prevents ER and provides stability against varus forces

33
Q

Main function of the ACL

A

Checks forward gliding of the tibia on femur and limits internal rotation of the tibia during flexion as it twists around the PCL

34
Q

Main function of the PCL

A

Checks posterior displacement of the tibia on the femur

35
Q

Main function of the Meniscofemoral Ligament ( runs with the PCL)

A

Attaches below the posterior horn of the lateral meniscus. Has common insertion onto the lateral aspect of the medial condyle

36
Q

Main function of the Oblique popliteal ligament

A

Expansion of the semimebranosus. Blends with capsule. Strengthens posteriomedial capsule

37
Q

Main function of the arcuate popliteal ligament

A

Y-shaped. Has two bands. Strengthens posterolateral capsule

38
Q

Main function of the transverse lig of the knee

A

Connects lateral and medial meniscus anteriorly.

39
Q

Main function of the meniscopatellar lig

A

runs from the inferolateral edges o the patella to lateral borders of each meniscus

Pulls the menisci forward with extension

40
Q

Main function of the alar fold of the knee

A

Runs from lateral borders of patella to medial and lateral aspects of femoral condyles. Keeps patella in contact with femur

41
Q

Main function of the proximal tbiofibular joint ligs

A

Anterior: Reinforce capsule anteriorly
Posterior: reinforce capsule posteriorly

42
Q

what is the medial collateral lig ( talocrural) superfical made up of

A

Deep fibers= Anterior talotibial lig an posterior talotibial lig

43
Q

What is the Superficial Medial collateral lig of the talocrural made up of

A

Delotid lig

44
Q

What is the lateral collateral lig of the talocrural made up of

A

Anterior talofibular lig, calcaneofibular lig, posterior talofibular lig

45
Q

What ligg help stabilize the subtalar joint

A

Interosseous talocalcaneal lig, lateral talocalcaneal lig, posterior talocalcaneal lig, medial talocalcaneal lig

46
Q

What ligg make up the talonavicular joint

A

plantar calcaneonavicular lig= sping lig and dorsal talonavicular

47
Q

What ligg make up the calcaneocuboid joint

A

Bifurcate lig ( lateral calcaneonavicular lig) medial calcaneocuboid ( lateral band of bifurcate lig) long plantar lig (superfical plantar calcaneocuboid) and plantar calcaneocuboid (short plantar)

48
Q

What ligg make up the tarsometatarsal joint

A

Doral lig

49
Q

Wat ligg make up the cuneonavicular joint

A

3 dorsal cuneonavicular lig and plantar lig

50
Q

What ligg make up the metatarsalphalangeal joint

A

Plantar lig and collateral liggs

51
Q

What ligg make up the interphalangeal joint

A

Plantar lig and collateral liggs

NPTE MSK (7 decks)

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