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patient Communication > Lifestyle Improvements > Flashcards

Lifestyle Improvements Flashcards

1
Q

What is DARN CAT

A

Desire to change
Ability to change
Reason to change
Need to change

Commitment to change
Action, intention to act
Taking steps to change

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2
Q

What is OARS

A

Open ended questions
Affirmations
Reflective listening
Summaries

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3
Q

What is ENDS

A

Electronic Nicotine Delivery System

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4
Q

why do we care if patients smoke

A

Cancer
Cardiovascular Disease
COPD
Slows HPV clearing
Decrease sperm count
increases erectile dysfunction
Dental disease
slowed wound healing
suppressed immune system

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5
Q

what is a definitive cause of stroke

A

secondhand smoke

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6
Q

what are the effects of Menthol

A

can reduce airway pain and irritation fro cigarette smoke and suppress coughing, giving smokers the illusion of breathing more easily

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7
Q

What are the most commonly used tobaco products among kids

A

ENDS (electronic nicotine delivery system)

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8
Q

what are the two primary ingredients other than nicotine in ENDS

A

propylene glycol (antifreeze) and vegetable glycerine

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9
Q

what are NRT

A

Nicotine replacement therapy
- patch
- lozenge
- gum
- nasal spray
- inhaler
Wellbutrin, Chantix, Nortriptyline

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10
Q

what is the most effective NRT

A

Patch + gum

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11
Q

What are the pros and cons of NRT

A

+ control level of nicotine, easy to adjust, easy to use, cheap
- various cautions to use, nicotine toxicity

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12
Q

What are the pros and cons of Nicotine Patches

A

+ easy, once a day, few side effects, constant levels
- skin irritation, less flexible dosing, slow onset

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13
Q

what are the pros and cons of nicotine lozenges

A

+ easy, higher delivery than gum
- no food/drink 15 min before or during; nausea; no chewing or swallowing

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14
Q

what are the pros and cons of nicotine Gum

A

+ flexible dosing, fast delivery
- not with dental issues, no food/drink 15 min before or during, need to use frequently (may be a +)

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15
Q

what are pros and cons of nicotine nasal spray

A

+ flexible dosing, fast delivery
- nose/eye irritation common (disappears in a week), frequent use in day (may be a +)

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16
Q

what are the pros and cons of nicotine inhaler

A

+ flexible dosing, mimics hand to mouth, few side effects
- frequent use in day, mouth/throat irritation

17
Q

what are the pros and cons of Wellbutrin

A

+ easy, pill, few side effects, may combine with NRT
- contraindicated with some meds or dx

18
Q

what are the pros and cons of Chantix

A

+ easy, pill, no drug interactions
- crazy side effects (nightmares, mood change, nausea)

19
Q

what are the pros and cons of Nortriptyline

A

+ cheap, pill, combo with NRT
- high side effect profile

20
Q

what are the cautions/contraindication of NRT

A

severe HTN, PVD, pregnancy, lactation, under age 18, MI within past month, arrhythmia, angina, active hyperthyroid, active PUD

21
Q

What is the normal weight BMI

A

18.5-24.9

22
Q

what BMI is considered overweight

A

25-29.9

23
Q

what BMI is considered obese

A

30 or greater

24
Q

what are the normal waist circumference for men and women

A

men > 40 inches
Women > 35 inches

25
Q

what are the drugs approved for long term use for weight loss

A

buproprion-naltrexone (Contrave)
Liraglutide (Saxenda)
Orlistat (Xenical)
Phentermine–topiramate (Qsymia)

26
Q

what is the goal target HR

A

70-80% of maximum HR

27
Q

how do you calculate maximum HR

A

220- age

28
Q

what are the benefits of Exercise

A

lower HR and BP
improvement of aerobic capacity
improved strength and endurance
Post MI: decrease in all causes of mortality by 20-30%, decrease in recurrent MI

29
Q

what is the target HR for moderate intensity exercise

A

50-70% of max HR
recommended greater than or equal to 30 min x greater than or equal to 5 days = greater than or equal to 150 minutes/week

30
Q

what is the target HR for vigorous intensity exercise

A

70-85% of max HR
recommended greater than 20 min x greater than 3 days = greater than 75 mins / week

patient Communication (3 decks)

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