Lifespan Development Flashcards
Three Phases of Prenatal Development
1) Germinal (<2 weeks)
2) Embryonic ( 2 weeks to 2 months
3) Fetal (2 months to birth)
What satge of the prenatal development is characterized for being a time of great vulnerability where vital organs and bodily systems emerge?
Embryonic stage
When do the muscles and bones begin to form?
The Fetal Stage
What is viability?
the ability of the fetus to survive outside the womb
are emotions nature or nurture?
both!
discrete emotional theory
basic emotions merge in all normal infants, at roughly the same ages, are displayed similarly in all cultures
stranger wariness
no longer smile at any friendly face
social referencing
the use of emotional cues from other people to regulate one’s own emotional reaction.
baby goes to see new doctor, so baby looks at mom to see how they should react
at around what age is social referencing well established
10-12 months of age
Secondary Emotions
emerge 18 -24 months
require awareness of self as separate and unique
require adult instruction
what are some basic emotions
happy, sad, fear, anger
what are some secondary emotions
shame, embarassment, pride, guilt, envy
Emotional Regulation
the process of adjusting internal feeling states in order to achieve goals
grows over first year
requires effortful control
Effortful Control
inhibiting impulses, managing negative emotions and bechaving acceptably
what to children need to have effortful control
awareness of self
confidence in direction own actions
memory for instruction
Temperament
inborn differences between one person and another in reactivity and self regulations
Structure of temperament
easy 40
difficult 10
slow to warm up - tendency to withdraw, relatively inactive15
unclassified - blend of diff temperaments 35
what influences temperament
genetics and envrironment(caregiving, culture, gender stereotype, role of siblings)
do babies temperament change?
yesl, between 4 months to 4 years
Goodness of FIt
the match or mismatch in temperament and behavioral style between a child and caregiver
Synchrony
coordinated, rapid, smooth exchange of responses between a caregiver and a baby
how is synchrony tested?
still face technique (mom keeps still face)
what can we conclude from the still face technique
synchrony aids psychological and biological development
infants brains need social interaction to develop
Attachment
lasting emotional bond that one person has with another beings in early infancy
when is attachment evident?
at 8 months and solidifies at 1 year
what is more important in attachment, contact or food?
contact comfort, known by the wire monkey mom experiemnt
how to measure attachment?
strange situation - kid playing, mom leaves
what are the 4 attachment styles (study table)
secure
insecure-avoidant
insecure- resistant (ambivalent)
disorganized
