Lifespan Development Flashcards
Unit 1
1. ACE’s depends on income level and access to healthcare.
Which of the following was not one of the findings of the ACE study?
- Which of the following is one the reasons that the ACE study did not initially gain traction?
People attribute poor health to bad choices and risky lifestyles.
- According to the National Scientific Council on the developing child, positive stress?
Are normal and a part of healthy development.
- According to Burke Harris, a dysregulated stress response system means that?
The stress response system has gone awry and from being activated too frequently and intensely.
Unit 2 Psychosocial
5. Which of the following is the best example of how the biological system influences the societal system?
Tall people receive higher salaries and are more likely to be hired than short people.
According to Erikson, the epigentic principle means that development proceeds according to
A bio plan for growth.
- Why do psychosocial arises?
- Because of the inevitable discrepancy between a person’s competence at the beginning of a stage and society’s expectations for a new level of functioning
- Which of the following is an assumption of Newman and Newman?
- - Behavior must be understood in the context of settings and relationships.
- Unit 3 - Inheritance
An individual’s complete genetic makeup is his or her?
– Genotype
- The expression of an individual
The difference between an individual’s genotype and its expression of his or her phenotype is a consequence of that persons?
– Environment
- (6)
A.
- (7)
Heritability estimate
- 8)
B.
- 9) C
- (4) C.
- (5) What percentage of their genes do monozygotic twins have in common
D.
14) 10) C.
Polyvagal Theory
15) According to polyvagal theory which part of the autonomic nervous system reacts by shutting down or collapsing?
Dorsal Vagus
Both neuroreception and attunment involve tuning into what’s happening without our bodies, in our relationships with others, and in our surroundings. However neuroception is unconscious whereas attunement is conscious.
Prenatal Development and Birth
1. Cindy is doing a presentation on prenatal dev. Cindy’s presentation will focus on the following three periods, in the order of
Germinal, embryonic, and fetal.
- Rita is one month pregnant and consults with her doctor about the different categories of teratogens. The doctor tells her that all of the following are categories of teratogens
Immunizations
- With respect to prenatal development, teratogens increase the risk of prenatal abnormalities.
Inheritance
What does facticity mean
Everything that is given but not chosen.
INFANCY
Which of the following analogies is similar to synaptic pruning?
Over growing seedlings and then weeding out ones that are not needed.
The reason why a baby’s brain is especially plastic or changeable is
Excessive synaptogenesis, permitting the surplus to be used in other regions.
Sensorimotor intelligence
A six - month - old baby is playing with a rattle. It drops from her hand, and she does not look around for it. This suggests that she has not developed?
Object permanence.
Knowledge derived from sensory and motor exploration best describes which of Piaget’s cognitive stages of development?
Sensorimotor
During Piaget’s sensorimotor stage of development children from
Ages 0-2 pin down the basics of physical reality through their senses.
You put baby Clara’s favorite stuffed animal under a blanket, and she looks under the cover to find it. Clara is showing she has the beginnings of:
Object permanence.
Easy, difficult, and slow - to warm up temperaments
In a classic study, babies were classified into three temperamental styles. Which style did not appear in this classification scheme?
D, Depressed
When a baby has a difficult temperament
Particularly sensitive caregiving can promote a secure attachment.
The relatively stable characteristics of a child’s response to the environment including activity level, sociability, and emotionality are called
B. temperament
Miriam has a regular sleep and eat pattern, is generally in a positive mood, and adapts well to new situations. According to Thomas and Chess what is her temperament style?
Easy
Stranger anxiety and separation anxiety
Most infants do not show “stranger anxiety” until they are
A 6 months old
Your nephew was born in mid-June so you have two months to play with him before you left for school. it seemed like your nephew really enjoyed it when you rocked and held him. When you saw him next at Christmas, he was six months old. What was his likely reaction to seeing you again>
B He was afraid as if he had stranger anxiety.
An infant’s development of stranger anxiety corresponds to the development of
B. Clear cut attachments
Attachment and the differences among secure, avoidant, resistant, and disorganized - disoriented attachment styles
The Strange situation involves
C, Repeated separations from and reunions with the primary caregiver.
A caregiver and infant beautifully dance or respond emotionally to each other in a sensitive and attuned way
Synhrony
Harry Harlow’s research with monkeys helped demonstrate that
The behaviorist benefit that we get attached by being fed was incorrect.
Sam actively explores the living room at his aunt’s house while his mother is sitting on the couch, When she leaves to get a drink in the kitchen, Sam fusses, but he calms down quickly as soon as she returns. Sam may be described as having a
secure attachment.
Which of the following best describes the findings by French psychiatrist Rene Spitz on the subject of the attachment?
A well - fed infants raised in the institutions suffered in their physical and emotional development.
In this type of attachment, these toddlers are less likely to explore any toys when the mother is present and they show greater distress when she leaves the room. When she returns they run to greet her, but then push away when she attempts to comfort or pick them up.
C Resistant attachment
In this type of attachment, toddlers show extremely unusual behavior. They seemed dazed and detached when the mother leaves the room. but with outbursts of anger. When the mother returns, they may seem fearful.
D. disorganized - disoriented attachment.
Secure is the most common attachment style, whereas secure; disorganized-disoriented attachment
In recent decades, researchers on attachment have emphasized that the parent-child relationships is
A reciprocal or bidirectional
Psychosocial Framework for infancy: Toddlerhood
What type of parent is loving and warm toward their children and responds to what their children need and desire?
Authoritatibe
If you were an authoritative parent, how would you handle a child who only wanted to eat a banana split for dinner? You would say
It would be much better to eat a healthy dinner first and have a banana split for dessert if you are not full.
If you were a permissive parent, how would you handle a child who only wanted to eat a banana split for dinner? You would say
Great, let go for it!
If you were a disengaged parent, how would you handle a child who only wanted to eat a banana split for dinner? You would say
Whatever, I don’t care.
Whar type of parent rarely engages in disciplining his or her children and simply believes that all children need is unconditional love
Permissive
What parenting style is associated with the most favorable outcomes for children?
Authoritative
What type of parent rarely engages in disciplining his or her children and simply believes that all children need is unconditional love?
Permissive
What parenting style is associated with the most favorable outcomes for children?
Authoritative
What parenting style is associated with children who tend to be less self-assured, less creative, and less socially adept than other children
B Authoritarian
What parenting style is associated with children who lack self-control and, as a result, have difficulty getting along with peers and teachers?
Permissive
What parenting style is associated with children who tend to be impulsive and tend to have higher rates of behavior problem?
Permissive
What parenting style is associated with children who tend to be impulsive and tend to have higher rates of behavior problems?
disengaged
Induction in which adults give explanations of what needs to be done and why children should behave in a prosocial manner is the most effective way to promote prosocial behavior.
Sally is using induction in disciplining her child. After witnessing her daughter teasing a playmate, she will say:
A) Think of how terrible that child feels being teased.
Language and symbolic communication
Language, mental images, representational drawings, and imitation in the absence of a model are examples of which of the following?
Symbolic thinking
Why do mothers and fathers use infant-directed speech with their babies?
Babies perk up when spoken to like this and it helps them learn the language.
Birth of self: self - representation, self-reflection, and secondary emotions.
Lewis and Brooks-Gunn put a red spot on the noses of children who were 9, 12, and 18 months. The children then viewed themselves in mirrors. At what age did the children rub their noses recognizing the image was their own?
18 months
When do children begin to use personal pronouns for the first time and refer to themselves by their own names?
18 months
