Lifespan Development

Question 1

Unit 1
1. ACE’s depends on income level and access to healthcare.
Which of the following was not one of the findings of the ACE study?

Answer 1

2. Which of the following is one the reasons that the ACE study did not initially gain traction?
   People attribute poor health to bad choices and risky lifestyles.

Question 2

3. According to the National Scientific Council on the developing child, positive stress?
   Are normal and a part of healthy development.

Answer 2

4. According to Burke Harris, a dysregulated stress response system means that?
   The stress response system has gone awry and from being activated too frequently and intensely.

Question 3

Unit 2 Psychosocial
5. Which of the following is the best example of how the biological system influences the societal system?
Tall people receive higher salaries and are more likely to be hired than short people.

Answer 3

According to Erikson, the epigentic principle means that development proceeds according to
A bio plan for growth.

Question 4

4. Why do psychosocial arises?
   - Because of the inevitable discrepancy between a person’s competence at the beginning of a stage and society’s expectations for a new level of functioning

Answer 4

6. Which of the following is an assumption of Newman and Newman?
   - - Behavior must be understood in the context of settings and relationships.

Question 5

7. Unit 3 - Inheritance
   An individual’s complete genetic makeup is his or her?
   – Genotype

Answer 5

8. The expression of an individual
   The difference between an individual’s genotype and its expression of his or her phenotype is a consequence of that persons?
   – Environment

Question 6

10. (6)

A.

Answer 6

11. (7)

Heritability estimate

Question 7

12. 8)

B.

Answer 7

13. 9) C

Question 8

9. (4) C.

Answer 8

10. (5) What percentage of their genes do monozygotic twins have in common
    D.

Question 9

14) 10) C.

Answer 9

Polyvagal Theory
15) According to polyvagal theory which part of the autonomic nervous system reacts by shutting down or collapsing?
Dorsal Vagus

Question 10

Both neuroreception and attunment involve tuning into what’s happening without our bodies, in our relationships with others, and in our surroundings. However neuroception is unconscious whereas attunement is conscious.

Question 11

Prenatal Development and Birth
1. Cindy is doing a presentation on prenatal dev. Cindy’s presentation will focus on the following three periods, in the order of
Germinal, embryonic, and fetal.

Answer 11

2. Rita is one month pregnant and consults with her doctor about the different categories of teratogens. The doctor tells her that all of the following are categories of teratogens
   Immunizations

Question 12

3. With respect to prenatal development, teratogens increase the risk of prenatal abnormalities.

Answer 12

Inheritance
What does facticity mean
Everything that is given but not chosen.

Question 13

INFANCY
Which of the following analogies is similar to synaptic pruning?
Over growing seedlings and then weeding out ones that are not needed.

Answer 13

The reason why a baby’s brain is especially plastic or changeable is
Excessive synaptogenesis, permitting the surplus to be used in other regions.

Question 14

Sensorimotor intelligence
A six - month - old baby is playing with a rattle. It drops from her hand, and she does not look around for it. This suggests that she has not developed?
Object permanence.

Answer 14

Knowledge derived from sensory and motor exploration best describes which of Piaget’s cognitive stages of development?
Sensorimotor

Question 15

During Piaget’s sensorimotor stage of development children from
Ages 0-2 pin down the basics of physical reality through their senses.

Answer 15

You put baby Clara’s favorite stuffed animal under a blanket, and she looks under the cover to find it. Clara is showing she has the beginnings of:
Object permanence.

Question 16

Easy, difficult, and slow - to warm up temperaments
In a classic study, babies were classified into three temperamental styles. Which style did not appear in this classification scheme?
D, Depressed

Answer 16

When a baby has a difficult temperament

Particularly sensitive caregiving can promote a secure attachment.

Question 17

The relatively stable characteristics of a child’s response to the environment including activity level, sociability, and emotionality are called

B. temperament

Answer 17

Miriam has a regular sleep and eat pattern, is generally in a positive mood, and adapts well to new situations. According to Thomas and Chess what is her temperament style?
Easy

Question 18

Stranger anxiety and separation anxiety
Most infants do not show “stranger anxiety” until they are
A 6 months old

Answer 18

Your nephew was born in mid-June so you have two months to play with him before you left for school. it seemed like your nephew really enjoyed it when you rocked and held him. When you saw him next at Christmas, he was six months old. What was his likely reaction to seeing you again>
B He was afraid as if he had stranger anxiety.

Question 19

An infant’s development of stranger anxiety corresponds to the development of
B. Clear cut attachments

Answer 19

Attachment and the differences among secure, avoidant, resistant, and disorganized - disoriented attachment styles
The Strange situation involves
C, Repeated separations from and reunions with the primary caregiver.

Question 20

A caregiver and infant beautifully dance or respond emotionally to each other in a sensitive and attuned way

Synhrony

Answer 20

Harry Harlow’s research with monkeys helped demonstrate that
The behaviorist benefit that we get attached by being fed was incorrect.

Question 21

Sam actively explores the living room at his aunt’s house while his mother is sitting on the couch, When she leaves to get a drink in the kitchen, Sam fusses, but he calms down quickly as soon as she returns. Sam may be described as having a

secure attachment.

Answer 21

Which of the following best describes the findings by French psychiatrist Rene Spitz on the subject of the attachment?
A well - fed infants raised in the institutions suffered in their physical and emotional development.

Question 22

In this type of attachment, these toddlers are less likely to explore any toys when the mother is present and they show greater distress when she leaves the room. When she returns they run to greet her, but then push away when she attempts to comfort or pick them up.

C Resistant attachment

Answer 22

In this type of attachment, toddlers show extremely unusual behavior. They seemed dazed and detached when the mother leaves the room. but with outbursts of anger. When the mother returns, they may seem fearful.
D. disorganized - disoriented attachment.

Question 23

Secure is the most common attachment style, whereas secure; disorganized-disoriented attachment

Answer 23

In recent decades, researchers on attachment have emphasized that the parent-child relationships is
A reciprocal or bidirectional

Question 24

Psychosocial Framework for infancy: Toddlerhood
What type of parent is loving and warm toward their children and responds to what their children need and desire?

Authoritatibe

Answer 24

If you were an authoritative parent, how would you handle a child who only wanted to eat a banana split for dinner? You would say
It would be much better to eat a healthy dinner first and have a banana split for dessert if you are not full.

Question 25

If you were a permissive parent, how would you handle a child who only wanted to eat a banana split for dinner? You would say

Great, let go for it!

Answer 25

If you were a disengaged parent, how would you handle a child who only wanted to eat a banana split for dinner? You would say
Whatever, I don’t care.

Question 26

Whar type of parent rarely engages in disciplining his or her children and simply believes that all children need is unconditional love

Permissive

Answer 26

What parenting style is associated with the most favorable outcomes for children?
Authoritative

Question 27

What type of parent rarely engages in disciplining his or her children and simply believes that all children need is unconditional love?

Permissive

Answer 27

What parenting style is associated with the most favorable outcomes for children?
Authoritative

Question 28

What parenting style is associated with children who tend to be less self-assured, less creative, and less socially adept than other children
B Authoritarian

Answer 28

What parenting style is associated with children who lack self-control and, as a result, have difficulty getting along with peers and teachers?
Permissive

Question 29

What parenting style is associated with children who tend to be impulsive and tend to have higher rates of behavior problem?

Permissive

Answer 29

What parenting style is associated with children who tend to be impulsive and tend to have higher rates of behavior problems?

disengaged

Question 30

Induction in which adults give explanations of what needs to be done and why children should behave in a prosocial manner is the most effective way to promote prosocial behavior.

Answer 30

Sally is using induction in disciplining her child. After witnessing her daughter teasing a playmate, she will say:
A) Think of how terrible that child feels being teased.

Question 31

Language and symbolic communication
Language, mental images, representational drawings, and imitation in the absence of a model are examples of which of the following?
Symbolic thinking

Answer 31

Why do mothers and fathers use infant-directed speech with their babies?
Babies perk up when spoken to like this and it helps them learn the language.

Question 32

Birth of self: self - representation, self-reflection, and secondary emotions.
Lewis and Brooks-Gunn put a red spot on the noses of children who were 9, 12, and 18 months. The children then viewed themselves in mirrors. At what age did the children rub their noses recognizing the image was their own?
18 months

Answer 32

When do children begin to use personal pronouns for the first time and refer to themselves by their own names?
18 months