LIFESKILLS GRADE 5 TERM 4 Flashcards
1
Q
What is a festival?
A
It is a time of celebration when people remember something important
2
Q
What is an African Traditionalist?
A
They celebrate things that are special to their tribe like weddings and funerals. They celebrate by killing a goat or chicken with a special spear. They keep the important parts like the head and neck for the elders
3
Q
What does it mean to be Jewish
A
Their favourite festival is Passover. This is a special time to remember how God freed all the Israelite people from slavery in Egypt. They eat special meat and unleavened bread. They also say prayers of thanksgiving.
4
Q
What is a Christian
A
Their favourite festival is Easter. This is a time when they remember the death of Jesus on the cross. Jesus then rose from the dead 3 days later. They go to church and share holy communion. They eat chocolate easter eggs as they are a symbol of new life. The hollow eggs remind us that Christ’s tomb was empty.
5
Q
What is unleavened bread
A
Flat bread made without yeast
6
Q
What is Holy Communion
A
A ritual where Christians eat bread and drink wine to remember the sacrifice of Christ.
7
Q
Who plays a major part in the cultural beliefs and prescribe their own muti (medicine) with traditional religions?
A
Sangomas
8
Q
What is the oldest Christian Establishment?
A
The Dutch Reformed Church that was founded on arrival of Jan van Riebeeck in 1652
9
Q
What cultural and religious practices could a tourist observe in South Africa
A
- Visit a Sangoma
- Attend an African wedding and witness slaughtering of animals
- Study the circumcision procedures that Xhosa boys must go through to become men
- See faith healers during sunrise on Durban beaches
- Listen to the holy sounds of the Langa Baptist Choir
10
Q
What is a Hindu
A
Their favourite festival is Diwali. The festival of lights.It celebrates driving out of darkness. It’s a time for people to forgive each other. They use candles, clay lamps and fireworks to symbolise the driving out of darkness.
11
Q
What does symbolise mean
A
To represent
12
Q
What is a Muslim
A
Their favourite festival is Ramadan. Festival lasts for a month during which they don’t eat or drink anything between sunrise and sunset. It helps them to discipline their minds and bodies. They pray a lot
13
Q
What is a Buddist
A
Their favourite festival is Hana Matsuri when they celebrate the birthday of Budha. It’s a flower festival because they make flowers to remind them of the beautiful gardens where Buddha was born. They dress in their best clothes and walk to the temple. They through Lotus flowers on the path.
14
Q
What is a follower of the Baha i faith
A
Their favourite festival is Ridvan. This celebrates Baha’u’llah’s public announcement of his mission. Ridvan means paradise. They drape walls and windows with white cloth. They sit on cushions and pillows.
15
Q
What is Lobola
A
When a man must pay a price to marry a woman
16
Q
What does Lobola involve
A
It involves a complicated formal process of negotiation between families of the bride and groom. It involves a ceremony where the family members agree on the price that the groom must pay. (traditionally paid in a number of cows) Modern couples pay cash instead of cows.
17
Q
What is a custom
A
A custom is a tradition. It is the way in which people who belong to a certain group behave or do something
18
Q
What form part of a religion’s customs
A
Practices - like how babies are named, how children become adults, how people get married and how people are burried.
19
Q
Describe the African traditional religion
A
Most of their customs focus on the family and special events in people’s lives such as births, initiations, weddings and death. On special occasions, an animal is sacrificed to honour their ancestors. They often consult sangomas for advice.
20
Q
What does Sacrificed mean
A
Slaughtered in a religious ritual
21
Q
Describe the Baha’i Faith
A
They focus on the relationship with God rather than on religious customs. They have no priests, no ceremonies and no worship rituals. They make beautiful gardens around their homes and places of worship.
22
Q
Describe Buddhism
A
They often burn incense and candles, ring bells and place flowers in their homes. They have a shrine in their homes where they pray and meditate. They fly prayer flags. When the wind blows the flags flap and carry blessings to the ends of the earth. Some buddhist boys become monks. They shave their hear, wear orange robes and live a simple life
23
Q
What is incense
A
A spice that is burnt to make a nice smell
24
Q
What is a shrine
A
A holy place of worship
25
What does meditate mean
To focus your mind on spiritual issues
26
What are monks
Men who live in a religious community and commit themselves to doing the work of their religion.
27
Describe Christianity
Babies are welcomed into the church at a baptism ceremony where water is sprinkled on their heads. Some churches only baptize people when they are older. Often in a river, dam or swimming pool. Many Christians wear a cross around their necks as a sign and a reminder of that they believe in. Many Christians pray to give thanks before meals. Christians celebrate Holy Communion where the church members gather together to eat bread and drink wine to remind them of the sacrifice that Jesus made.
28
Describe Hinduism
Babies receive a special blessing at birth and are named at a special naming ceremony. They always wash themselves and remove their shoes before they worship. They have shrines in their homes where they worship, sing and pray to their gods. They offer sweets and fruit to their gods and also burn incense and candles. At weddings the bride wears beautiful clothes and jewellery and paint their hands with henna
29
What is henna
A reddish-brown dye used to make temporary tattoos on the skin.
30
What does circumcised mean
The removal of some or all of the foreskin of a penis
31
What is a yarmulke
A small round cap worn on the top of the head
32
Describe Islam
When a baby is born the father whispers a prayer in the baby's right ear. When the baby is 7 days old, the parents have a naming ceremony and shave the baby's hair off. Boys are normally circumcised between ages 5 and 7. Muslims pray at least 5 times a day. They only say their prayers after they have cleaned their hands, elbows, feet, face and ears. They always face Mecca when they pray.
33
Describe Judaism
Jewish boys are circumcised eight days after their birth and given a Jewish name. Jewish men always cover their heads with a yarmulke when they worship.They wear a prayer shawl over their heads when they pray. They have a small box at the door to their house. Inside this box is a special prayer honouring God. At a wedding the bride and groom break a glass by standing on it with their shoes to remind them that all happy occasions also have some sadness.
34
Which religion shaves a baby's hair at 7 days old
Islam
35
Which religion celebrates Holy Communion
Christians
36
Which religion considers cows to be sacred
African traditionals
37
In which religion are boys circumcised at 8 days old
Jewish
38
In which religion do they fly prayer flags
Buddhism
39
Which religion has very few customs and beautiful gardens
Baha'i'Faith
40
Which religion paints the bride's hand with Henna
Hindism
41
What does choke mean
to have something stuck in your throat that prevents you from breathing
42
Name 2 chemicals that can be dangerous
Cleaning products and medicine
43
Name 8 safety measures for harmful chemicals
1. Try to buy products that are natural
2. Teach people in your house about the dangers of household products
3. Read product labels
4. Never put cleaning products in colddrink bottles or containers that were used for food.
5. Never put poison in you home where people can accidently come into contact with them.
6. Store cleaning products in a high cupboard that is out of reach.
7. Keep medicine in a safe place
8. Look out for warning signs on products
44
What is medicine
Something that grown-ups give us when we are sick or hurting
45
What are vitamins
Kind of medicine to keep yourself healthy and strong
46
What should you do before you eat something
Make sure you know exactly what it is before you eat it.
47
Why should you never take someone else's medicine
Because it can make you sick or even kill you
48
How do most fires start
By people who are careless
49
Name 8 tips to avoid a fire in your home
1. Don't cook near a window with a curtain
2. Make sure candles can't fall over
3. Never play with fire
4. Avoid faulty electricity connections
5. Keep a bucket of sand handy to put out paraffin fires
6. Build houses a good distance apart to prevent fires from spreading.
7. Keep roads and the access to houses clear at all time
8. Haven an escape plan that the whole family knows.
50
Name 8 things to remember when a fire breaks out.
1. Don't panic
2. Get out fast
3. Follow your escape plan
4. Feel a door before you open it. If hot, go out another way
5. Stay low to the floor
6. Call the fire department as soon as you are out
7. Stay out. Don't go back
8. If your clothes catches fire, remember to stop, drop and roll.
51
Name some household items to be cautious about
```
Candles
Kitchen appliances
Matches and lighters
Electrical cords
Heaters
```
52
What should you remember when using candles at home
They should be kept a safe distance away from people and curtains.
Children should never be left alone in a room with a burning candle
Adults should put out candles when leaving a room
53
What should you remember when cooking in the kitchen
Keep flammable items away from the stove.
Children should always be helped by an adult
Children should not come close to the stove.
54
Where is the best place to keep matches
Out of reach of children. They should be locked up in a cupboard
55
How can electrical cords cause a fire
When they are damaged they can spark a fire. Too many appliances in 1 plug point can also cause a fire.
56
How can you make your house more fire safe?
A house should have at least 2 exits
Everyone should know what to do when there is a fire in the house
Make sure everyone knows the number for the fire department.
57
What do we use water for
We use it every day for drinking, cooking, washing, flushing toilets, water our gardens, farming, industry and the generation of electricity.
58
What is industry
The manufacturing of products from raw materials in factories
59
Why is water important to humans
Humans bodies are made up of about two thirds water. Without enough water in your diet, you would die in a few days. Clean water is important to stay healthy.
60
Why is water important for the earth?
Plants and animals need water to survive. If there is a drought, there is no rain in a certain place for a long time. This can lead to famine.
61
What is famine
When a huge part of the population is starving
62
What does populated mean
Full of people
63
What is drought
If there is no rain in a certain place for a long time.
64
What is good quality water
Water which is free from disease causing germs
65
Why is good quality water necessary
To reduce diseases
66
When and how do we pollute water
Water can be contaminated by natural runoff from rainfall
Water can be polluted by activities such as farming or untreated sewage waste
Water can also be polluted in our homes like if you fill a jug with safe water, the jug can contaminate the water. The jug may be dirty for example.
67
What can you do to clean water if you don't have access to clean water
Boil the water
Add bleach
Use solar disinfection
68
How much of all the water on earth can be used by people
Less than 1%. The rest is salt water or is permanently frozen
69
Why is it important that we don't waste water and pollute it.
Because our population grows and more people need this limited resource.
70
What does limited mean
only a certain amount is available
71
What is laundry
Clothes and linen that need to be washed
72
What are fertilisers
Chemicals added to soil to make it more fertile
73
What are pesticides
Chemicals used for killing insects
74
What does pollute mean
To dirty with harmful or poisonous material
75
Name 9 ways to use less water
1. Teach people about the importance of water
2. Fix any water leaks immediately
3. Install water-saving devices on taps and toilets
4. Don't wash dishes with water running continuously
5. Only wash full loads of laundry and dishes
6. Shower rather than bath
7. Replace old toilets with new toilets that use less water
8. Sweep rather than hose down patios
9. Direct rainwater to lawns
76
Name 9 ways to protect the quality of water
1. Grow plants on bare areas to prevent the soil washing into streams
2. Never pour anything other that water down drains
3. Don't litter in water or on ground
4. Check cars for leaks and recycle motor oil
5. Pick up after your pet.
6. Store and dispose of household chemicals properly
7. Use fertilisers sparingly and avoid harmful pesticides
8. Keep human waste away from water
9. As the government for better water-protection laws.
77
How do you fix a leaking tap
1. Switch off the water supply to your home.
2. Open the tap and let the water run out completely
3. Remove the tap handle and make sure the screws don't fall down the drain.
4. Unscrew and remove the bell-shaped tap cover
5. Lay the parts down in order to see how they should go back
6. Unscrew and remove the head part with a spanner and pliers
7. Unscrew the nut that holds the washer in place
8. Remove the broken washer.
9. Place a new washer onto the washer nut
10. Put all the parts back together again
78
What can cause a leaking tap
A broken washer.
79
What are chronic illnesses
```
Diabetes
Obesity
Heart disease
Certain Cancers
Tooth decay
```
80
What can cause a chronic illness
Poor diet and lack of exercise
81
What does a poor diet consist of
Too much fat and sugar
| Not enough fresh fruit and vegetables
82
What is obesity
A person who is extremely overweight. This put enormous pressure on the heart and is very unhealthy and dangerous
83
What is a diet
The food and drink we consume
84
What is starch
Carbohydrates found in food like potatoes
85
Name 10 food-based dietary guidelines
1. Enjoy different foods
2. Be active
3. Make starchy foods the main part of most meals
4. Drink plenty of clean water
5. Only use a little bit of salt
6. Don't eat fatty foods too often
7. Eat dry beans, split peas, lentils and soya regularly
8. Eat chicken, fish, milk, meat or eggs daily
9. Eat plenty of vegetable and fruits daily
10. Consume food and drinks containing sugar sparingly and not between meals.
86
Why was the South African Department of health concerned about South Africans
Because they saw that people didn't know much about healthy eating habits.
87
Why is it important that all meals and snacks of children are rich in nutrients and energy
Because children have high nutritional needs and small appetites
88
What are nutritional needs
Foods needed for a healthy diet
89
What is an appetite
Natural desire for food
90
Describe the Food pyramid
TOP: Don't eat fatty foods, fizzy drinks, sweets and fried foods on a regular basis
SECOND: Eat small portions of dairy products such as cheese
THIRD: Protein is good for you. Eat healthy proteins such as beans and soya, fish, chicken and egg daily
FOURTH: Fresh fruit and veggies should be eaten every day with every meal. Also include healthy fats like avocado. Grains are important for energy, this should make up most of your diet
BOTTOM: Lots of exercise is important. You must be a healthy weight. Follow the eating guidelines for natural health
91
What plays a part in what children eat
Parents are a major influence on the food choices kids make. They make decisions about which foods are available at home and when and where the family eat foods. Parents must teach kids to eat healthy.
92
What is Tuberculosis
It's a sickness that starts in the lungs. it is caused by an infection in the lungs that spreads throughout the body
93
Is Tuberculosis infectious and how does it spread
Yes it is high infectious. Germs are carried in saliva droplets from the mouth. When you cough, talk or sneeze, saliva droplets that you can't see spray from your mouth and other people breath it in. People who have TB must not share eating utensils, glasses, plates, towels, beds or toothbrushes with other people and should not come to close to other people.
94
What are the symptoms of Tuberculosis
A persistent cough
Weight loss
High temperature
95
How can you treat Tuberculosis
It takes a long time to treat TB
Doctors give patients very strong medicine that they must take correctly or they will never get better.
It can take many months to fully recover.
If TB is untreated, the person can die
96
What does infectious mean
Spreads to other people easily
97
What are eating utensils
Knife, fork, spoon
98
What are germs
Tiny organisms that cause disease
99
What are symptoms
Signs of an illness
100
What is temperature
Measurement of heat and cold. If a person has a high temperature their body feels hot and they are sick
101
What does untreated mean
Not treated
102
What is HIV and AIDS
a sickness that weakens the body so that it can't fight of diseases.
103
What causes diarrhoea
You can catch germs from someone who is sick
If you don't wash your hands after going to the toilet, you will spread germs
You can get sick if you drink or wash in dirty water
You will get sick if you eat food that is not fresh. Flies lay their eggs in food and this can make you very sick
104
What is Cholera
It is a severe form of diarrhoea and you must see a doctor immediately
105
What are the symptoms of diarrhoea
```
Severe stomach cramps or pain
Constant upset stomach
Unable to keep food in your body for a very long time
Feeling sick or nauseous
A high Temperature
```
106
How do you treat diarrhoea
Sip water as often as possible to try keep fluid in the body
Stop eating meats, diary and spicy foods
eat small amounts of apple, carrot, chicken soup, porridge and dry bread
rest as much a possible
Go the the clinic if it continues more than 24 hours
107
What does dehydrated mean
When the body has lost fluids and becomes dried out.
108
What is diarrhoea
It is when you have an upset stomach and need to go to the toilet often. You may also have stomach cramps and feel nauseous.
109
Is diarrhoea dangerous
It is common to get diarrhoea occasionally. It is not dangerous if it lasts for 24 hours and then stops. If it does not stop is can be dangerous. Diarrhoea in small babies can be dangerous because their bodies their bodies are small and they can dehydrate quickly.
110
How can diarrhoea be prevented
Always wash your hands after going to the toilet
Don't eat food that is not fresh
Don't swim or bath in water that is dirty
Don't drink or cook in dirty water
Boil water to get rid of germs before drinking it.
111
Are there natural remedies for diarrhoea
There are plants and herbs found in KwaZulu-Natal that can be used to treat diarrhoea .
112
What is malaria
A sickness from the bite of a female mosquito
113
What causes malaria
Mosquitoes can't see well so find people by the heat of their bodies and from their smell. Mosquitoes prefer biting children to adults. Not all mosquitoes carry malaria but it's important to protect yourself from mosquitoes.
114
What are the symptoms of malaria
High fever and if you feel sick and can't get out of bed
115
What treatment is available for malaria
You need to stay in bed
That medicine to keep fever down
Drink plenty of clean water
Sometimes you might get put in hospital for a few days
116
How can you prevent malaria
Don't leave buckets, old tyres and any other containers lying around to collect water because mosquitoes will lay their eggs in the water.
You can also use mosquito nets at night and mosquito repellent.
Wear clothing that covers your arms and legs
117
What is a mosquito net
A net that covers the bed or sleeping area and that prevents mosquitoes from getting through to bite people
118
What is mosquito repellent
A cream or spray that mosquitoes don't like, so they stay away
119
What is David Beckham's charity called
Malaria no more
120
What is the goal of David Beckhams's charity
To make sure people have mosquito nets to sleep under to prevent them being bitten by mosquitoes
121
How many children die every year from malaria
1800 children
122
What is measles
It is a sickness that start off with a cough, sore throat and a runny nose. Then spots appear inside the mouth and on the face. The spots spread throughout the body. Measles can make you very sick if not treated properly
123
What should parents do to prevent measles
They should take their babies to the clinic to be vaccinated when they are nine months old and again when they are 18 months old.
124
How does measles spread
It spreads through coughing, sneezing and sharing towels, plates, cups and eating utensils.
125
What must you do when you have measles
Go to doctor for treatment
Drink plenty of water
Eat healthy food
126
Who is the spokesperson for the City of Johannesburg
Nkosinathi Nkabinde
127
List 5 symptoms of measles
```
Fever
Rash
Runny nose
Red infected eyes
Cough
```
128
List 5 damaging effects of measles
```
Blindness
Deafness
Brain damage
Pneumonia
Death
```
129
How many times must a child be vaccinated against measles and at what ages
two times at 9 months and 18 months
130
What is substance abuse
Taking drugs or drinking unhealthy amounts of alcohol
131
Why is drugs unhealthy
Because it can harm you body and brain.
132
What are legal and illegal drugs
Legal drugs are drugs that you are allowed to consume
| Illegal drugs are drugs that you are not allowed to consume
133
Name some legal drugs
Alcohol (when you are over 18)
Medicines prescribed by a doctor
Over the counter medication (that does not need to be prescribed by a doctor)
Cough mixtures can be highly addictive because it contains codeine
134
What is cough mixtures
medicine for a cough
135
What is codeine
a pain killer also used in a cough mixture
136
What does addictive mean
making you physically dependent on the substance
137
Name some illegal drugs
Dagga or weed - drug make from a plant
| Crack cocaine
138
Why is dagga or weed dangerous
Because it damages the brain's ability to remember and it can make some people violent and aggressive
139
Why is crack cocaine dangerous
It is highly addictive and can result in a heart attack and strokes
140
What is cocaine
It is a white powder made from dried leaves of the coca plant.
141
Why do people drink alcohol and take drugs if it is so dangerous
Different drugs do different things to the mind and body.Some drugs make you feel sleepy and relaxed, other drugs make you feel energetic and powerful. People like these feelings but it can damage the brain and are very addictive
142
Name 3 negative consequences of smoking
It wrinkles and ages your skin
It causes yellow teeth
It cause bad breath
143
What does nicotine do to the body's blood vessels and what is the result of this
It makes you blood vessels tighter so that the blood in your veins flows around your body less easily.
144
Is cigarette smoking harmful
Yes because it can give you cancer and can give you a heart attack
145
What is passive smoking
Inhaling other people's smoke
146
Why should pregnant and breastfeeding mothers not smoke
Because it will harm their babies
147
What happens if people start drinking alcohol and abuse drugs when they are teenagers
They are 4 times more likely to develop a long-term dangerous addiction that will damage their bodies, brains and lives
148
Names 9 things that is likely to happen to teenagers abusing drugs
1. Fail at school
2. Choose unhealthy relationships
3. Have risky sexual relationships
4. Be raped
5. Abuse others
6. Have car accidents
7. steal
8. Get into trouble with the law
9. Suffer from depression
149
Name the harmful effects of drugs on the body
Drugs damage the development of the brain
Drugs will damage different organs in the body like the liver
Inhaling substances or smoking cigarettes damages lungs and can cause lung disease
Cigarette smoking and inhaling substances damages the nose, throat and mouth.
150
What is addiction
When you mind and body start to need a drug to work properly
151
What everyday products can people also get addicted to
Glue
Aerosol sprays
Nail varnish
These products harm lungs, nose and sinuses.
