Life Skills and Strategies Test Flashcards
Cooperative Institutional Research Program Freshman Survey
largest and longest running survey of American college students
run out of UCLA
4 decades
13.4 mil freshman
What will an increasing number of high school graduates pursue?
an advanced degree
What are the 4 things a college education provides
skills to be an autonomous learner
skills for continuous personal growth
skills to seek and obtain a relevant career
skills to become a responsible member of the world
Interpersonal Communication/ Human Relations Skills
skills necessary for effective communication both verbal and nonverbal
establish meaningful relationships
Problem Solving/Decision Making Skills
set of skills necessary for information seeking, information analysis, problem solving, goal setting, planning, time management, and conflict resolution
William Perry
developmental theorist
dualism: right and wrong
multiplicity: recognizes opinions
relativism: information is relative
Physical Fitness/Health Maintenance Skills
coordination and motor development
one’s ability to handle stress effectively
Identity Development/Purpose in Life Skills
personal identity and emotional awareness
Arthur Chickering
came up with 7 developmental areas developing competence managing emotions moving through autonomy towards interdependence developing mature interpersonal relationships establishing identity developing purpose developing integrity
realignment approach
when students do no realize that they have mismatch their goal with a low motivation for that goal
enhancement approach
the goal is appropriate for students but their existing level of motivation requires a boost
Maslow
hierarchy of needs physiological requirements safety recognition self esteem self actualization
external regulation
there is a definite outside consequence that drives an activity
introjected regulation
inner voice or monologue
a-motivation
sees actions beyond their control
persistance
the degree to which a person refuses to give up on a goal even when confronted with interference
6 factors that align and enhance motivation
willingness to put forth effort strong sense of belonging firm goals problem solving skills support from others driven by intrensic motivation
how to establish new goals (4 steps)
examine your priorities
examine alternatives
obtain information and assistance
find something that will generate passion
3 keys for time management
getting organized
to-do-list
carry-through
mechanistic learning theories
find a metaphorical reliance on explanations that depict learning as one would describe machinery
organic learning theories
Maslow and Rogers
metaphor of an interconnected developing organism
sensory memory
information gathered by our senses
usually replaced within a fraction of a second
unlimited capacity
identified regulation
adopted ready made set of rules on how to act
Locus of control
whether a person sees them self having control over their life or as being controlled by something else
what did the CIRP find (11)
economic landscape affordability income sources academic reputation an influx of learning disabilities embracing diversity going green participation in politics values recognized a guiding philosophy parental consultation
Gazda and Brooks
came up with the 4 dimensions of life skills
interpersonal communication/ human relations
problem solving/decision making
physical fitness/maintenance
identity development/purpose in life
Mark Daddona
studied students needs
one set of needs prior to entering college and one set after they arrive on campus
academic, career, personal/emotional
integrated regulation
when motivation comes from goals set
Harry Harlow
experimented on moneys
achieving value congruence (3)
identify most significant values
identify how academics and major match up with that value
identify all the steps needed to accomplish objectives
Emmett’s 2 laws governing procrastination
the dread of doing a task uses up more time and energy than doing the task itself
obsession with perfection is the downfall of procrastinators
(believed best way to deal with procrastination was to identify fear and then face it)
David Burns
mindset
when you tell yourself you’re not good at a subject so you do poorly in it as a result
says to combat this with using a schedule, recording dysfunctional thoughts, and visualize success
What did Rogers say helps people learn (5)
curiosity revelvant to goals supportive environment active approaches participating responsibly in learning process
short term memory
screening center
roughly seven items at a time
lasts for roughly a minute
chunking
George miller
breaking information into smaller units
long term memory
short term memory acted on in some way
remains forever in some form
6 factors that optimize the learning and recall process
reorganize information split time studying into small bits sweep mind of mental clutter don't allow stress to use energy put brain to sleep at night be an imaginative processor of information
Roger Sperry
split brain theory
left brain
math
language
critical thinking
responsive to facts
right brain
abstract
holistic approach
visual spacial
responds to theories
what are all of the intelligences (7)
bodily kinesthetic musical interpersonal intrapersonal logical mathematical verbal linguistic visual spacial
perceptual learning modulates (7)
kinesthetic- movement print- reading auditory- listening olfactory- smell visual- observation interactive- verbalizations in groups haptic- doing
Carl Jung
theory of personality types is basis for Myer’s Briggs test
Myer’s Briggs test results
introversion/ extroversion
intuition/ sensation
thinking/ feeling
perceiving/judging
introversion/extroversion
Learning
introverts- reflective learners, get energy from being alone
extroverts- active learners, get energy from other people
Intuition/Sensation
Perceiving
intuition- 6th sense, creative thinkers
sensation- senses, factual information
thinking/feeling
Decisions
thinking- make decisions based on logic
feeling- make decisions based on feeling
perceiving/judging
act
perceiving- adaptable and spontaneous
judging- goal oriented, quick to interpret
what are some possible causes of test anxiety (6)
prior negative experience with tests worrying about anxiety affecting you poor time management lack of confidence fear of failure other negative thoughts
How can we manage test anxiety (4)
reducing negative self talk
separate self worth from performance
creative visualizations
abdominal breathing
cognitive restructuring
aims at reducing negative self talk by replacing self defeating thoughts with more positive and rational ones
abdominal breathing
deep breathing used to counteract physical reactions of anxiety by increasing the amount of oxygen taken in
What is stress
a reaction to the various things that happen to us both negative and positive
number of resources minus number of challenges
physical hardiness
The ability of a person to deal with stress and change
high psychological hardiness
a person sees a challenge, commits to it, actively copes, seeks change, and feels invigorated
low psychological hardiness
sees a threat, alienates themselves, copes passively, avoids change, and feels helpless
Learned helplessness
Seligman
a person acts in a helpless manner if exposed to situations that are harmful or painful and cannot be avoided
inhibits learning how to escape
What are the three stages we respond to stress in
fight/flight
resistance
exhaustion
everyday techniques for reducing stress (7)
check your gauges
feed yourself psychologically and emotionally
feed yourself physiologically and behaviorally
breathe deeply
divert your attention
visualize success
apply environmental engineering tactics
Techniques for periods with high stress (4)
cognitive restructuring
imagery
deep relaxation
meditation
ABC approach
tackle stress
activating event
belief about the activating event (could be positive or negative)
consequence (if you believe you will fail, you will)
Service Learning
you learn through getting involved in your community
over 300 offered in 16 universities
community building
strengthening communities using available assets and resources
volunteerism declines in college
interdisciplinary courses increase volunteerism
Steps to follow when thinking about volunteering (8)
identify values identify commitment level identify a volunteer agency come up with a plan volunteer build relationships participate in team building seek feedback
moral compass
a guide to making the right ethical and moral choices
Kohlberg
came up with 6 moral levels only one stage at a time pre conventional obedience/punishment instrumental relativism conventional good boy/ nice girl law and order post conventional legalistic universal ethical
