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science 7th grade > life science > Flashcards

life science Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is biodiversity?

A

Biodiversity is the variety of life in Earth’s land, freshwater, and marine
ecosystems. (The different organisms)

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2
Q

What is the difference between high and low biodiversity?

A

High diversity is when there are many different species and many individuals of
those species while low biodiversity is when there is a low number of species in
an ecosystem

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3
Q

Why do humans use natural resources?

A

To survive and thrive

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4
Q

How do humans negatively impact the environment?

A

Directly by overharvesting of plants and animals and indirectly by construction,
mining, and taking away animal habitats

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5
Q

How do humans positively impact the environment?

A

Recycle, compost, use a reusable water bottle and reusable bags

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6
Q

If the population increases, how does that affect the amount of fossil fuels?

A

As the number of humans increases, the use of fossil fuels increases which
causes the availability of fossil fuels to decrease

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7
Q

How does fossil fuel use impact the atmosphere?

A

The use of fossil fuels releases pollution into the environment

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8
Q

What is direct observation?

A

Directly counting individual organisms

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9
Q

What is direct observation?

A

Directly counting individual organisms

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10
Q

What is indirect observation?

A

Observing the signs of the organism

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11
Q

What is sampling?

A

Estimate the number of organisms by counting the number in a small area then
multiply to find the number in a larger area

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12
Q

What is mark-and-recapture?

A

Estimate the number of organisms by capturing organisms. Count the number,
mark them and release. Capture again- this time count total number, plus count
how many are marked. Use a mathematical formula to calculate total population.
(Formula is question 27.)

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13
Q

How can populations change in size?

A

Populations can increase or decrease

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14
Q

What is the major way in which new individuals are added to a population?

A

birth

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15
Q

What is birth rate?

A

Birth rate- the number of births in a population in a given time

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16
Q

What is death rate?

A

Death rate- the number of deaths in a population in a given time

17
Q

What is the major way organisms leave a population?

A

Death

18
Q

What is immigration?

A

Immigration- organisms moving into a population

19
Q

What is emigration?

A

Emigration- organisms leaving a population

20
Q

What is population density?

A

Population density is the number of individuals in an area of a specific size

21
Q

What is carrying capacity?

A

the largest population that an area can support

22
Q

What is a limiting factor?

A

An environmental factor that causes a population to decrease or stop growing

23
Q

how is water a limiting factor?

A

cells and tissues are made of water, so all living things need water to survive

24
Q

how are predators limiting factors?

A

feed on abundant prey, so the amount of prey determines the amount of predators

25
Q

how is light a limiting factor?

A

plants and other organisms that make their own food need light for photosynthesis

26
Q

how is disease and parasites a limiting factor?

A

they will spread more quickly in densely populated areas
(more crowded)

27
Q

how are weather conditions a limiting factor?

A

Changes in weather conditions such as temperature and the
amount of rainfall as well as events such as floods & hurricanes

28
Q

how is food a limiting factor?

A

all organisms (except plants) obtain food by eating plants and other
organisms

29
Q

how living space a limiting factor?

A

organisms need enough space to live, obtain resources, etc

30
Q

What is random sampling?

A

Estimate the number of organisms by counting the number in a small area then
multiply to find the number in a larger area

31
Q

What is the formula for population density?

A

Population density = Number of individuals ➗Unit Area

32
Q

What is the formula for population when using the mark-and-recapture method?

A

(total number captured) x (number marked) ➗ Total number captured with marks

science 7th grade (3 decks)

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