Life Processes - Topic 2

Question 1

What is respiration?

Answer 1

the process of breaking down glucose to release energy, which goes on in every living cell

Question 2

what are the two types of respiration?

Answer 2

aerobic anaerobic

Question 3

which type of respiration is more efficient and releases more energy?

Answer 3

Aerobic

Question 4

what is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?

Answer 4

aerobic uses oxygen and produces carbon dioxide and water.

Question 5

what is the word equation for aerobic respiration

Answer 5

Glucose + Oxygen -> Carbon Dioxide + water + Energy

Question 6

What is the symbol equation for aerobic respiration?

Answer 6

C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O

Question 7

What does the circulatory system do?

Answer 7

it carries glucose, oxygen and CO2 around the body into the blood

Question 8

Where does glucose come from?

Answer 8

Breaking down food in the digestive system.

Question 9

Where does oxygen come from?

Answer 9

AIr

Question 10

which blood vessel supplies glucose and oxygen and removes carbon dioxide?

Answer 10

Capillaries

Question 11

what is diffusion?

Answer 11

the movement of solutes from an area of higher concentration to an area of low concentration across a permeable membrane

Question 12

What do muscles use the energy from respiration to do?

Answer 12

contract

Question 13

Why does your breathing rate increase when you exercise?

Answer 13

your muscles are contracting more so need more energy. the increased respiration means you need to get more oxygen to the cells. your breathing rate increases to get more oxygen into the blood and to get the oxygenated blood around your body faster.

Question 14

How do you work out cardiac output?

Answer 14

cardiac output = heart rate x stroke volume

Question 15

When does anaerobic respiration take place?

Answer 15

When there is not enough oxygen available.

Question 16

What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration

Answer 16

glucose -> lactic acid + energy

Question 17

What is the symbol equation for anaerobic respiration?

Answer 17

C6H12O6 -> 2C3H6O3

Question 18

What can a build up of lactic acid cause?

Answer 18

cramp

Question 19

What is left after you have anaerobically exercised?

Answer 19

oxygen debt

Question 20

what is oxygen debt?

Answer 20

where you have to get the oxygen you didn’t manage to get to your muscles.

Question 21

What does EPOC stand for?

Answer 21

excess post-exercise oxygen consumption.

Question 22

what is EPOC

Answer 22

oxygen debt. you have to keep breathing hard after you stop exercising so you can get more oxygen into the blood.

Question 23

what is oxygen used for in muscles

Answer 23

convert lactic acid to CO2 and water

Question 24

What is photosynthesis?

Answer 24

process in plants that makes glucose and oxygen.

Question 25

what is the word equation for photosynthesis?

Answer 25

carbon dioxide + water -\> glucose + oxygen

Question 26

what is the symbol equation for photosynthesis?

Answer 26

6CO2 + 6H2O -\> C6H12O6 + 6O2

Question 27

give three adaptations of a leaf that make photosynthesis efficient

Answer 27

- leaves are broad so theres a large surface area exposed to light. - Contain a lot of chlorophyll to absorb light. - leaves are full of little holes called stomata, they open and close to let gases such as co2 and o2 in and out. they also allow water vapour to escape (transcription)

Question 28

where does photosynthesis take place?

Answer 28

chloroplasts

Question 29

What are the limiting factors for photosynthesis?

Answer 29

light carbon dioxide temperature

Question 30

how does light affect photosynthesis

Answer 30

Question 31

how does carbon dioxide affect photosynthesis

Answer 31

Question 32

how does temperature affect photosynthesis

Answer 32

Question 33

what is osmosis

Answer 33

the movement of water across a semi permeable membrane down a concentration gradient

Question 34

describe a practical you can do to show osmosis.

Answer 34

put potato and place the segments into different concentrations of sucrose. measure the wight before and after experiment. in low concentration of sucrose potato will get heavier in high concentration will get lighter, as water moves down concentration gradient.

Question 35

which part of the plant takes in water?

Answer 35

root hair cell

Question 36

What is active transport?

Answer 36

the movement of minerals against the concentration gradient

Question 37

where does active transport happen?

Answer 37

root hairs

Question 38

what does the xylem do?

Answer 38

transports water and minerals from the root to the rest of the plant.

Question 39

What does the phloem do?

Answer 39

transports sugars from the leaves to growing and storage tissues.

Question 40

what is transpiration (in plants)

Answer 40

transpiration is caused by evaporation and diffusion. this creates a slight shortage of water in the leaf so more water is drawn up from the rest of the plant. this is a constant process. water escapes through the stomata

Question 41

define habitat

Answer 41

the place where an organism lives

Question 42

define distribution

Answer 42

where an organism is found

Question 43

what are the two types of sample?

Answer 43

random (gives a representative) systematic.

Question 44

give 5 examples of sampling tecniques

Answer 44

Pooter - for ground insects. pitfall traps - ground insects sweep nets - animals in long grass pond nets - animals in ponds quadrat -small organisms

Question 45

how do you work out population size?

Answer 45

work out mean number or organisms per m^2 then multiply by total area.

Question 46

how do you measure temperature?

Answer 46

thermometer

Question 47

how do you measure light intensity?

Answer 47

light sensor

Question 48

how do you measure pH

Answer 48

electronic pH monitor.