Life processes Flashcards
What is Autotrophic Nutrition?
Photosynthesize
Examples include all green plants and cyanobacteria.
What is Heterotrophic Nutrition?
Depends on autotrophs
Examples include animals and fungi.
What is Holozoic Nutrition?
Animals take in solid food and break it down inside the body
Examples include Amoeba and other animals.
What is Saprophytic Nutrition?
Organisms feed on dead, decaying matter
Examples include fungi, mushrooms, and yeast.
What is Parasitic Nutrition?
Parasites live inside or outside other organisms (host) and derive nutrition from it
Examples include Cuscuta, ticks, lice, leeches, and tapeworms.
What is the process of nutrition in Amoeba called?
Holozoic nutrition
The process of taking in food is known as phagocytosis.
How does Paramecium take in food?
Food is taken at a specific spot moved by the movement of cilia
Cilia cover the entire surface of the cell.
What is Photosynthesis?
Process of converting light energy into chemical energy and splitting water into hydrogen and oxygen
It also involves the reduction of carbon dioxide to carbohydrates.
What are Stomata?
Tiny pores present on the surface of leaves for gas exchange
They facilitate the exchange of O2 and CO2 and transpiration.
What are the main parts of the human digestive system?
Mouth, Oesophagus, Stomach, Small intestine, Large intestine, Anus
What is the function of the mouth in human digestion?
Chewing/grinding of food and secreting saliva + mucus
It converts starch into sugar.
What is the function of the Oesophagus?
Muscular tube that pushes food down by peristaltic movements
It is about 25 cm long with a sphincter at each end.
What are the key functions of the stomach in digestion?
Protects lining with mucus, kills bacteria with HCl, and partial digestion of food
The enzyme pepsin acts on proteins.
What happens in the Small Intestine?
Complete digestion and absorption occur
Villi on the inner walls aid in this process.
What does the liver produce?
Bile juice
It is stored in the gall bladder for emulsification of fats and making food alkaline.
What enzymes are secreted by the pancreas?
Trypsin and Lipase
Trypsin converts proteins to peptones and Lipase converts fats to lipids.
Fill in the blank: The process of taking in food in Amoeba is known as _______.
phagocytosis
True or False: Stomata are involved in gas exchange in plants.
True
