Life Processes Flashcards
What are the basic life processes in living organisms?
Nutrition, respiration, transportation, excretion, growth, reproduction, and movement.
True or False: All living organisms perform the same life processes.
True
Fill in the blank: The process of taking in food and converting it into energy is called ______.
Nutrition
What is the primary function of respiration in living organisms?
To release energy from food.
Name the two types of nutrition.
Autotrophic and heterotrophic nutrition.
What is autotrophic nutrition?
The process by which organisms produce their own food using sunlight or inorganic substances.
What is heterotrophic nutrition?
The process by which organisms obtain food from other living organisms.
List the three types of heterotrophic nutrition.
Saprophytic, parasitic, and holozoic nutrition.
What do saprophytic organisms feed on?
Dead and decaying organic matter.
What is the role of chlorophyll in photosynthesis?
To absorb sunlight for converting carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen.
True or False: Respiration occurs only in the presence of oxygen.
False
What are the two types of respiration?
Aerobic and anaerobic respiration.
What is aerobic respiration?
The process of producing cellular energy with the use of oxygen.
What is anaerobic respiration?
The process of producing energy without the use of oxygen.
What is the end product of anaerobic respiration in yeast?
Ethanol and carbon dioxide.
What is the primary function of the circulatory system?
To transport nutrients, gases, hormones, and waste products throughout the body.
Name the main components of the circulatory system.
Heart, blood, and blood vessels.
What is the function of red blood cells?
To transport oxygen from the lungs to the body’s tissues.
What is excretion?
The process of removing waste products from the body.
True or False: Excretion is not essential for the survival of organisms.
False
What are the main excretory organs in humans?
Kidneys.
What is the process of growth in living organisms?
The increase in size and mass through cell division and differentiation.
What is reproduction?
The biological process by which new individual organisms are produced.
Name the two main types of reproduction.
Asexual and sexual reproduction.
What is asexual reproduction?
Reproduction that does not involve the fusion of gametes.
What is sexual reproduction?
Reproduction involving the fusion of male and female gametes.
Fill in the blank: Movement is a characteristic of all ______ organisms.
Living
What is the purpose of movement in living organisms?
To find food, escape predators, and reproduce.
What is homeostasis?
The maintenance of a stable internal environment in an organism.
True or False: Growth can occur without movement.
True
What is the significance of photosynthesis in life processes?
It produces oxygen and glucose, which are essential for the survival of most living organisms.
What is the role of the stomata in plants?
To allow the exchange of gases, such as carbon dioxide and oxygen.
What is cellular respiration?
The process by which cells convert glucose and oxygen into energy.
Fill in the blank: The main energy currency of cells is ______.
ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate)
What is the role of enzymes in biological processes?
To speed up chemical reactions in the body.
What are metabolic processes?
The chemical reactions that occur within a living organism to maintain life.
What is the primary purpose of the digestive system?
To break down food into smaller components for absorption.
Name the three main parts of the digestive system.
Mouth, stomach, and intestines.
What is the role of the large intestine?
To absorb water and form waste products.
What is the main purpose of the respiratory system?
To facilitate gas exchange between the body and the environment.
What is the function of the alveoli in the lungs?
To increase the surface area for gas exchange.
What is the role of the liver in metabolism?
To process nutrients and detoxify harmful substances.
Fill in the blank: The process of converting glucose into energy in cells is called ______.
Cellular respiration
What is the function of the kidneys in excretion?
To filter blood and produce urine.
True or False: All organisms reproduce to ensure the survival of their species.
True
What is the significance of the nitrogen cycle for living organisms?
It recycles nitrogen in various forms, which is essential for the synthesis of proteins and nucleic acids.
What is the primary function of hormones in living organisms?
To regulate physiological processes and maintain homeostasis.
Fill in the blank: The ______ system is responsible for transporting hormones throughout the body.
Endocrine
What is the role of the skeletal system?
To provide structure, support, and protection to the body.
What is the primary purpose of the nervous system?
To coordinate and control body activities through electrical signals.
