Life Over Time Final Test

Question 1

Fossil

Answer 1

The hardened remains or imprint of a living thing that lived long ago.

Question 2

Embryo

Answer 2

An animal in its earliest stages of development, especially before it hatches or, in mammals, before it has reached a distinctly recognizable form. A plant in its earliest stages of development, especially the partially developed plant contained within a seed.

Question 3

Species

Answer 3

A taxonomic category of closely related organisms that are very similar to each other and are usually capable of producing fertile offspring when they breed with each other.

Question 4

Homologous Structure

Answer 4

Similar in structure and evolutionary origin, though not necessarily in function.

Question 5

ANALOGOUS STRUCTURE

Answer 5

Structures that are similar in function but having different evolutionary origins.

Question 6

Sedimentary Rock

Answer 6

Types of rock that are formed by the accumulation or deposition of mineral or organic particles at Earth’s surface, followed by cementation.

Question 7

Environment

Answer 7

All of the physical, chemical, and biological conditions that together affect an organism and influence its growth and development. Soil, air, water, climate, plant and animal life, and noise level are all components of an environment.

Question 8

Generation

Answer 8

A group of individuals or organisms all living at approximately the same time. The time span between the birth of the parents and that of the offspring.

Question 9

Population

Answer 9

All of the organisms of a species that live in a particular area.

Question 10

Individual

Answer 10

single; separate.

Question 11

Heritable

Answer 11

Capable of being passed from one generation to the next through the genes.

Question 12

Trait

Answer 12

A physical or behavioral feature of an organism, especially one that is determined largely by the organism’s genes.

Question 13

Natural Selection

Answer 13

The process in nature by which organisms that are better adapted to their environment tend to survive longer and produce more offspring than organisms that are less well adapted, so that the genetic characteristics of the better-adapted individuals become more widespread in later generations.

Question 14

Reproduction

Answer 14

To produce offspring

Question 15

Survival

Answer 15

The continuation of life or existence.

Question 16

Adaption

Answer 16

Change or adjustment in structure or habits by which the members of a species become better able to function in their environment. Adaptation occurs during evolution through the action of natural selection. A structure or habit that results from this process.

Question 17

Survival of the Fittest

Answer 17

Another term for natural selection.

Question 18

Extinction

Answer 18

No longer existing or living.

Question 19

Plant Structure

Answer 19

the site of all physiological processes within the plant that are associated with growth

Question 20

Fitness

Answer 20

The quality or state of being fit. The capacity of an organism to survive and transmit its genotype to reproductive offspring as compared to competing organisms.

Question 21

Engineering

Answer 21

the branch of science and technology concerned with the design, building, and use of engines, machines, and structures.

Question 22

Evolution

Answer 22

Change in the genes of a group of organisms over many generations, such that descendants are different from their ancestors.