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Biology-Nat 5 > Life On Earth 1 > Flashcards

Life On Earth 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the definition of biodiversity?

A

Biodiversity is the total variation that exists among all living things on Earth.

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2
Q

What is a biotic factor? Examples

A

A biotic factor is a factor created by a living thing which affects life of another organism. ( Predation, competition, disease, over population, micro-organism levels, grazing)

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3
Q

What is a abiotic factor? Examples.

A

A abiotic factor is a non-living chemical or physical factor in the environment.(air temperature, soil pH, light intensity, oxygen concentration, water availability, rock type, nutrients)

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4
Q

Name examples of human factors?

A

Habitat destruction, over fishing, population levels, conservation, land use.

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5
Q

What is a biome?

A

Biomes are the various regions of our planet as distinguished by their similar climate, flora, fauna.

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6
Q

What does Flora mean?

A

Flora means planet life.

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7
Q

What does fauna mean?

A

Fauna means animal life.

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8
Q

What is an ecosystem?

A

The community of living things and all the habitats.

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9
Q

What is a community?

A

All the different species of organisms.

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10
Q

What is a population?

A

The number of organisms belonging to the same species.

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11
Q

What is a habitat?

A

The place where an organism lives.

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12
Q

What is a niche?

A

The role of an organism within the ecosystem.

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13
Q

Name 3 biomes?

A

Tropical rainforest, tundra, taiga

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14
Q

Name two climate factors that influence the distribution of biomes?

A

Temperature, rainfall

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15
Q

Complete the diagram

Ecosystem= habitat + ____________

A

Community

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16
Q

What is the word equation for photosynthesis?

A

Water + carbon dioxide –sunlight–> glucose + oxygen

17
Q

What do all food chains begin with?

A

A producer

18
Q

Why are plants called producers?

A

Plants are called producers because they can make their own food by photosynthesis.

19
Q

what are organisms called that can’t photosynthesis?

A

Consumers

20
Q

What are animals that only eat plants called?

A

Herbivores

21
Q

What are animals called that eat other animals?

A

Carnivores

22
Q

Animals that eat both plant and animals are called what?

A

Omnivores

23
Q

What does the arrow represent in a food chain?

A

The arrow in a food chain represents the transfer of energy.

24
Q

What are 3 ways by which the energy can be lost?

A

Movement, heat, undigested materials

25
Q

What is a pyramid of numbers?

A

A pyramid of numbers is a diagram showing the number of organisms at each level in a food chain.

26
Q

What is a pyramid of biomass?

A

A pyramid of biomass is a diagram showing the total mass of organisms at each level in a food chain.

27
Q

What is a pyramid of energy?

A

A pyramid of energy is the the energy content of the organisms at each level in the food chain.

28
Q

What is ammonium?

A

Toxic substance formed by decomposers during decomposition

29
Q

What is denitrification?

A

The conversion of nitrate by denitrifying bacteria into les useful nutrients such as nitrogen gas and ammonia

30
Q

What is denitrifying bacteria?

A

Bacteria that carry out denitrification

31
Q

What is inter-specific competition?

A

Competition between two DIFFERENT species of organism

32
Q

What is intra-specific competition

A

Competition between organisms of the SAME species

33
Q

What is a nitrate?

A

A nutrient that contains nitrogen. Plants require nitrate to make proteins and nucleic acids

34
Q

What is nitrification?

A

The conversion of useless forms of nitrogen such as ammonia or nitrate into nitrite. Nitrification is good for soil.

35
Q

What is nitrifying bacteria?

A

Bacteria that carry out nitrification.

36
Q

What is nitrogen

A

An element that is needed by all living things because it forms part of protein molecules

37
Q

What is nitrogen fixation?

A

The process by which nitrogen in its gaseous form is converted into ammonia.

38
Q

What is photosynthesis?

A

The process by which plants make their own food using sunlight

39
Q

What is a species?

A

A group of animals or plants that can breed together to produce sexually viable offspring

Biology-Nat 5 (2 decks)

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