Life in South Africa (c.1948) Flashcards
What were the dates of the second Boer war?
1899-1902
When was the creation of the Dominion of South Africa?
1910
When was the ANC formed?
1912
When was the ANC youth league formed?
1944
What were the 4 racial groups in South Africa
Whites, Blacks, Coloureds and Indians
Define white-collar
Professional jobs such as in administration
What was South Africa’s view on the American ‘separate but equal policy’?
They disagreed with the policy as they believed that blacks were inferior so their facilities should also be inferior and that blacks would not be able to appreciate good facilities.
What was Grand Apartheid?
Overall policy to keep races as separate as possible
What was Petty Apartheid?
Day to day restrictions such as separate facilities.
What was a physical feature that determind race and the test for this feature?
Thickness of ones hair by placing a pencil in hair.
Define White Supremacy
A belief in the right of white people to govern and the inferiority of non-whites
Define Bantus
African people who spoke a common group of languages. In the apartheid era white people used this term to refer to people in a derogatory manner.
What was the Great Trek?
Movement of Boer farmers into the vast South African interior away from British rule, which started in 1834.
What was the covenant?
Solemn oath or agreement e.g. the apparent agreeent between God and the Boers in 1838
When did the Dutch East trading company arrive in South Africa?
1652
When was the battle of Blood River and who was it against?
1838 and against Boers and Zulus
Define Republic
A country without a monarch usally lead by a president
Where is the Cape?
The southernmost part of South Africa which was part of the British empire.
When was the gold rush in Traansval?
1867 to 1886
How many Indians had the british brought to South Africa in the 18th century?
150,000
When and what was the Mines and Works Act?
1911, Excluded Africans from most skilled jobs in the mines which were then reserved for whites.
When and what was the Natives’ Labour Registration Act?
1911, Set working conditions for Africans. They had to be recruited in rural areas, fingerprinted and issued with pass books which gave them permission to enter areas of work.
When and what was the Native (Urban Areas) Act?
1923, Africans could only remain in cities to administer for the needs of whites and they were expected to live in townships on the outskirts of cities if thy were employed in cities and had to leave when their contracts ended.
When and what was the Native Trust and Land Act?
1936, Extended amount of tribal reserves to 13.6% of totla South African land and Africans couldn’t buy land from outside of this structure.
When and what was the Representation of the Natives Act?
1936, removed the rights of 10,000 Africans to vote so they had no rights of residence outside of designated tribal reserves. African leaders (approx 4000) in the cape were allowed to vote for four white official in the senate.
What was the Natives Representative council?
Six white officals and four nominated and twelve elected Africans to represent the views of Cape Africans in parliment.
What were pass laws?
Pass laws were developed in the 19th and 20th century to controlt he movement and migration of Africans. It worked like an internal passport system to control where Africans could work, live and visit.
What were the two major reasons for white justification of segregation?
Ignorance and fear of the consequences for their position and safety if Africans were given political or economic rights.
A need to feel that segregation was in the Africans best interests and that they were happy with a pastoral life.
In 1946 what percentage of each racial group lived in urban areas?
23% of Africans
75% of Whites
61% of Coloureds
71% of Indians
Define Kaffir
A derogatory name given to Black Africans by Afrikaners
What was the Dutch Reformed Church?
The Afrikaner Church which supported apartheid and was heavily Christian.
What was the Broederbond and when was it formed?
1918, An influencial Afrikaner organisation that pormoted apartheid and Afrikaner hegemony.
