Life in Germany

Question 1

What type of education existed in pre-WW1 Germany?

Answer 1

• Lander provided kindergarten care for the children.
• Most students went to confessional schools.
• Social mobility difficult, had to pay for education after 14.

Question 2

What types of schools were set up under the WR?

Answer 2

• Compulsory Grandschule for children 6-10 run by the Lander.
• Common schools - Took children of various faiths and taught them religion separately.
• Confessional schools (faith schools) became fee paying.
• Secular schools; Had no religious education.

Question 3

What did the government fail to introduce?

Answer 3

-A federal school law in 1925 - Reichstag would not agree.

Question 4

Who supported the ideas proposed in the Federal School law of having both secular and faith schools?

Answer 4

Reich Parents League.

Question 5

Who opposed the idea above?

Answer 5

Evangelicals.

Question 6

How did education remain under the WR?

Answer 6

-Diverse.
-30,000 protestant
-15,000 Catholic,
-97 Jewish,
-8,000 common schools
-95 secular schools
in 1931.

Question 7

What education existed beyond the age of 10?

Answer 7

Fee-faying.
Hauptschule: Went into trade/apprenticeships
Realschule: Business/Technical training
Gymnasium: Went to university

Question 8

How many % of students went to university, who also had middle class parents?

Answer 8

2.3%

Question 9

Describe the culture in WR.

Answer 9

-Influenced by international developments.

Popular culture.

Question 10

How did the WR encourage the film industry to develop?

Answer 10

UFA was a government organised film company, dominating the German film market.

Question 11

Name some American movies that had an impact.

Answer 11

Gold Rush 1925 - Charlie Chaplin

Question 12

Name two German movies.

Answer 12

• Blue Angel

- Metropolis

Question 13

How many people owned a radio by 1932?

Answer 13

1/4 Germans.

Question 14

How did Weimar Cabaret (Social clubs) mocked the old Germany?

Answer 14

• Satirical comedy
• Jazz
• Semi nude dancers
• Showcased social and political themes

Question 15

One example of literature looking at social themes

Answer 15

All Quiet on the Western Front 1928

Question 16

What type of movement emerged in theatre?

Answer 16

Left wing plays.

Question 17

Example of plawright

Answer 17

Brecht.

Question 18

What was the Bauhaus movement?

Answer 18

A new style of architecture and design - functional and simple designs.

Question 19

How did the T of V affect culture in WR?

Answer 19

Led to cultural and social experimentation.

Question 20

Name two famous Weimar artists.

Answer 20

Otto Dix and Georg Grosz.

Question 21

What was the German Civil code of 1900?

Answer 21

• Women could not vote
• Could not practise law or other professions.
• Married women had no legal status
• Kinder Kirche Kuche.

Question 22

How did the war help women?

Answer 22

Led to more work - E.g %75 of working women in work 1918.

Question 23

When did women get the vote?

Answer 23

November 1918.

Question 24

How many women had seats in the Reichstag 1919-32?

Answer 24

112 women.

Question 25

What did Article 109 say?

Answer 25

• In principle woman and men have equal rights.

- Marriage should be equal and women should be able to enter professions.

Question 26

Did the Reichstag support women’s rights?

Answer 26

Some did, others were concerned about the falling birth rate and the high divorce rate.

Question 27

Give examples of change for women in work.

Answer 27

• More women in white blouse jobs
• More women qualified as lawyers (by 1933 there were 36)
• Number of female doctors doubled from 2,500 1925-1933.

Question 28

Examples of continuity in terms of women’s rights.

Answer 28

• Women paid 33% less than men in office work.
• Employers still preferred single women.
• Hard to find childcare
• In 1925 over a quarter of a million women were doing poorly paid jobs, doubled in 1935.

Question 29

Who glorified women as independent role models?

Answer 29

Advertising and film industires.

Question 30

What factors increased hostility towards women?

Answer 30

The depression and unemployment.

Question 31

Why did the depression affect women less than men?

Answer 31

Women were cheaper to employ.

Question 32

In 1932, give percentage of men and women unemployed.

Answer 32

• 46% men unemployed.

- 33% women unemployed.

Question 33

What did Chancellor Bruning do in 1932?

Answer 33

Passed a law saying married women could be fired if their husbands were in work.

Question 34

Give some examples of intergration between different groups before 1918.

Answer 34

1915 - 1/3 of married Jews were married to non-Jews, businesses were integrated.

Question 35

Examples of prejudice before 1918.

Answer 35

• Protestant prejudice against Catholics.

- Poles, gypsies and Jews were not seen as part of the Volk.

Question 36

What did Article 113 say?

Answer 36

• Minority groups can use their own language and preserve identity.
• Often not applied.

Question 37

What % of the population were Jewish?

Answer 37

%1 1918 and %0.76 in 1933.

Question 38

What contribution did Jews make to society?

Answer 38

5 Jews held cabinet posts.

-85,000 Jews had fought in WW1.

Question 39

What was the German Peoples Offensive and Defensive Alliance?

Answer 39

Anti Semitic organisation with 170,000 members.

-Banned in 1923.

Question 40

Give another example of anti-Semitism at this time.

Answer 40

Conservative judges were anti-semitic.
Jews blamed for losing the war.
Increase in anti-semitism during the depression.

Question 41

How did Jews combat anti semitism?

Answer 41

Organisations like the Jewish Front Soldiers were set up.